{"226411":{"#nid":"226411","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Making a Mini Mona Lisa","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u2019s most famous painting has now been created on the world\u2019s smallest canvas. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have \u201cpainted\u201d the Mona Lisa on a substrate surface approximately 30 microns in width \u2013 or one-third the width of a human hair. The team\u2019s creation, the \u201cMini Lisa,\u201d demonstrates a technique that could potentially be used to achieve nanomanufacturing of devices because the team was able to vary the surface concentration of molecules on such short-length scales.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe image was created with an atomic force microscope and a process called ThermoChemical NanoLithography (TCNL). Going pixel by pixel, the Georgia Tech team positioned a heated cantilever at the substrate surface to create a series of confined nanoscale chemical reactions. By varying only the heat at each location, Ph.D. Candidate Keith Carroll controlled the number of new molecules that were created. The greater the heat, the greater the local concentration. More heat produced the lighter shades of gray, as seen on the Mini Lisa\u2019s forehead and hands. Less heat produced the darker shades in her dress and hair seen when the molecular canvas is visualized using fluorescent dye. Each pixel is spaced by 125 nanometers.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u201cBy tuning the temperature, our team manipulated chemical reactions to yield variations in the molecular concentrations on the nanoscale,\u201d said Jennifer Curtis, an associate professor in the School of Physics and the study\u2019s lead author. \u201cThe spatial confinement of these reactions provides the precision required to generate complex chemical images like the Mini Lisa.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EProduction of chemical concentration gradients and variations on the sub-micrometer scale are difficult to achieve with other techniques, despite a wide range of applications the process could allow. The Georgia Tech TCNL research collaboration, which includes associate professor Elisa Riedo and Regents Professor Seth Marder, produced chemical gradients of amine groups, but expects that the process could be extended for use with other materials.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u201cWe envision TCNL will be capable of patterning gradients of other physical or chemical properties, such as conductivity of graphene,\u201d Curtis said. \u201cThis technique should enable a wide range of previously inaccessible experiments and applications in fields as diverse as nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and bioengineering.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EAnother advantage, according to Curtis, is that atomic force microscopes are fairly common and the thermal control is relatively straightforward, making the approach accessible to both academic and industrial laboratories.\u0026nbsp; To facilitate their vision of nano-manufacturing devices with TCNL, the Georgia Tech team has recently integrated nanoarrays of five thermal cantilevers to accelerate the pace of production. Because the technique provides high spatial resolutions at a speed faster than other existing methods, even with a single cantilever, Curtis is hopeful that TCNL will provide the option of nanoscale printing integrated with the fabrication of large quantities of surfaces or everyday materials whose dimensions are more than one billion times larger than the TCNL features themselves.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe paper, Fabricating Nanoscale Chemical Gradients with ThermoChemical NanoLithography, is \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/la400996w\u0022\u003Epublished online\u003C\/a\u003E by the journal Langmuir.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003EThis research was funded by the National Science Foundation (PHYS-0849497, DMR-0120967, DMR-0820382 and CMMI-1100290). The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NSF. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy (Office of Basic Energy Services) under award number DE-FG02-06ER46293. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. \u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Nanotechnique creates image 30 microns in width"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers have \u201cpainted\u201d the Mona Lisa on a substrate surface approximately 30 microns in width \u2013 or one-third the width of a human hair. The team\u2019s creation, the \u201cMini Lisa,\u201d demonstrates a technique that could potentially be used to achieve nanomanufacturing of devices because the team was able to vary the surface concentration of molecules on such short-length scales.\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Researchers have \u201cpainted\u201d the Mona Lisa on a substrate surface approximately 30 microns in width \u2013 or one-third the width of a human hair."}],"uid":"27560","created_gmt":"2013-08-05 08:17:20","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:14:38","author":"Jason Maderer","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2013-08-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2013-08-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"226041":{"id":"226041","type":"image","title":"Mini Lisa image","body":null,"created":"1449243566","gmt_created":"2015-12-04 15:39:26","changed":"1475894899","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:48:19","alt":"Mini Lisa image","file":{"fid":"197423","name":"final-mini-lisa.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/final-mini-lisa_0.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/final-mini-lisa_0.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":62716,"path_740":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/images\/final-mini-lisa_0.jpg?itok=x7ypax_0"}},"226001":{"id":"226001","type":"image","title":"Gray Scale Mona Lisa","body":null,"created":"1449243566","gmt_created":"2015-12-04 15:39:26","changed":"1475894899","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:48:19","alt":"Gray Scale Mona 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Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"5081","name":"Jennifer Curtis"},{"id":"70561","name":"Mono Lisa"},{"id":"107","name":"Nanotechnology"}],"core_research_areas":[{"id":"39451","name":"Electronics and Nanotechnology"},{"id":"39471","name":"Materials"}],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003EMedia Relations\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-385-2966\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["maderer@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}