{"73835":{"#nid":"73835","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Nanohelix Structure Provides New Building Block","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA previously-unknown zinc oxide nanostructure that resembles the helical configuration of DNA could provide engineers with a new building block for creating nanometer-scale sensors, transducers, resonators and other devices that rely on electromechanical coupling.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on a superlattice composed of alternating single-crystal \u0022stripes\u0022 just a few nanometers wide, the \u0022nanohelix\u0022 structure is part of a family of nanobelts - tiny ribbon-like structures with semiconducting and piezoelectric properties - that were first reported in 2001.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe nanohelices, which get their shape from twisting forces created by a small mismatch between the stripes, are produced using a vapor-solid growth process at high temperature.  Information about the growth and analysis of the new structures was reported in the September 9 issue of the journal \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, NASA Vehicle Systems Program, U.S. Department of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR\u0026amp;E), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This structure provides a new building block for nanodevices,\u0022 said Zhong Lin Wang, a Regents professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology.  \u0022From them we can make resonators, place molecules on their surfaces to create frequency shifts - and because they are piezoelectric, make electromechanical couplings.  This adds a new structure to the toolbox of nanomaterials.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith their superlattices composed of many near-parallel single-crystal stripes each about 3.5 nanometers wide and offset about five degrees, the nanohelices are very different from the nanosprings and nanorings of zinc oxide reported by the same research group in \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E in 2004.  Nanosprings are composed of a single crystal whose shape is governed by balancing the electrostatic forces created by opposite electrical charges on their edges with the elastic deformation energy of the entire structure.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe nanohelices reach lengths of up to 100 microns, with diameters from 300 to 700 nanometers and widths from 100 to 500 nanometers.  The nanohelices exist in both right- and left-handed versions, with production split approximately 50-50 between the two directions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is a brand new structure which shows a new growth model for nanomaterials,\u0022 Wang said.  \u0022But from the properties point of view, these are like the earlier nanobelts in having semiconducting and piezoelectric properties which makes them good for electromechanical coupling.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, unlike the earlier single-crystal nanosprings which are elastic, the nanohelices are rigid and retain their shape even when cut apart.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When we first saw these structures, we were amazed by their perfection,\u0022 said Wang, who is also director of Georgia Tech\u0027s Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.  \u0022Once you form a nanohelix, it is perfectly uniform.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe nanohelices are formed using a simple process similar to the one used for fabricating other nanobelts.  However, changing the growth conditions leads to entirely different structures.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EZinc oxide (ZnO) powder is positioned inside an alumina tube in a horizontal high-temperature tube furnace.  Under vacuum, the material is heated to approximately 1,000 degrees Celsius, at which point an argon carrier gas is introduced.  Heating continues until the furnace reaches approximately 1,400 degrees.  The nanohelix structures form on a polycrystalline aluminum oxide (Al2O3) substrate in the furnace.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The key difference between growing nanohelices and the earlier types of nanobelt is that we control raising the temperature and when we introduce the carrier gas,\u0022 explained Wang.  \u0022With the earlier structures, we introduced the carrier gas flow at the beginning.  With these nanohelices, we only introduce the carrier gas when the temperature reaches a certain level.  That allows formation to begin in a vacuum, which is the key to controlling the helix formation.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHeating the zinc oxide powder in a vacuum leads to formation of structures with polar surfaces.  When the carrier gas is introduced, the growth changes to minimize the polar surfaces, creating the superlattice structure with mismatches at the crystalline interfaces.  The nanohelices begin and end with conventional single-crystal nanobelt structures.  \u0022By the time the carrier gas is introduced, the crystal orientation is fixed, but the structures must continue to grow,\u0022 Wang explained.  \u0022Introducing the carrier gas initiates a transition to the superlattice structure.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFormation of a nanohelix is initiated from a single-crystal stiff nanoribbon that is dominated by polar surfaces.  An abrupt structural transformation of the single-crystal nanoribbon into stripes of the superlattice-structured nanobelt leads to the formation of a uniform nanohelix due to rigid structural alteration, Wang said.  The superlattice nanobelt is a periodic, coherent, epitaxial and parallel assembly of two alternating stripes of zinc oxide crystals oriented with their c-axes perpendicular to one another.  Growth of the nanohelix is terminated by transforming the partially polar-surface-dominated nanobelt into a non-polar-surface-dominated single-crystal nanobelt.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The data suggest that reducing the polar surfaces could be the driving force behind the formation of the superlattice structure, and the rigid structural rotation and twist caused by the superlattice results in the initiation and formation of the nanohelix,\u0022 Wang explained.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first dozen batches of nanohelices produced a yield of only about 10 percent, but Wang believes that can be improved over time.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThus far, Wang\u0027s research team has produced nearly 20 different zinc oxide nanostructures, including nanobelts, aligned nanowires, nanotubes, nanopropellor arrays, nanobows, nanosprings, nanorings, nanobowls and others.  And there may yet be other structures discovered.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022You never know what other structures might be out there that could be added to this toolbox,\u0022 he said.  \u0022From the richness of this configuration and the complete properties, this is a unique material that could become the new material for nanotechnology following carbon nanotubes.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA wideband semiconductor, zinc oxide also has interesting piezoelectric and optical properties, can produce ultraviolet laser emissions and shows electroluminescence at room temperature.  Those properties make it potentially useful in many applications.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022You can use it for spintronics, biomedical applications and many things you can make with silicon technology,\u0022 Wang said.  \u0022Zinc oxide is much cheaper and easier to work with than gallium nitride.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOther collaborators on this work included Pu Xian Gao, Yong Ding, Wenjie Mai, William Hughes, and Changshi Lao, all in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Materials Science and Engineering.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax: (404-894-4545) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Zhong L. Wang (404-894-8008); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:zhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ezhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"New superlattice nanobelts could become sensors, transducers or resonators"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A previously-unknown zinc oxide nanostructure that resembles the helical configuration of DNA could provide engineers with a new building block for creating nanometer-scale sensors, transducers, resonators and other devices that rely on electromechanical coupling.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Nanohelix structure could be basis for new devices"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-09 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73836":{"id":"73836","type":"image","title":"Professor Zhong Lin Wang","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73837":{"id":"73837","type":"image","title":"Microscope image of nanohelices","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73838":{"id":"73838","type":"image","title":"Wang research team","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73836","73837","73838"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.nanoscience.gatech.edu\/zlwang\/","title":"Team Web site"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/FacultyStaff\/MSE_Faculty_researchbios\/Wang\/wang.html","title":"Zhong Lin Wang"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73825":{"#nid":"73825","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Concept Vehicle Illustrates New Military Options","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA concept vehicle designed to illustrate potential technology options for improving survivability and mobility in future military combat vehicles was shown publicly for the first time Sept. 13 at a military technology meeting in Virginia.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe concept vehicle, known as the ULTRA AP (Armored Patrol), was built to help the U.S. military evaluate multiple science and technology options - including ballistic and mine protection - that could benefit future vehicle design.  The concept vehicle combines proven vehicle technologies with advanced materials and engineering concepts.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch and development for the ULTRA has been conducted by the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI), which led a unique team of research engineers from both GTRI and the automotive industry.  The research initiative has been sponsored by the Office of Naval Research (ONR).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022By bringing together experienced commercial vehicle designers with experts in advanced materials and cutting-edge engineering, we are providing a test bed for evaluating technologies that can help the military develop true \u0027leap-ahead\u0027 concepts,\u0022 said David Parekh, GTRI\u0027s deputy director.  \u0022By including persons with high-performance automotive engineering and NASCAR expertise as part of our team, we were able to root this advanced concepts project in real-world vehicle design.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ULTRA AP emphasizes high-output diesel power combined with advanced armor and a fully modern chassis.  The design matches the best of modern commercial automotive technology with racing experience, explained Gary Caille, a GTRI principal research engineer.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the ULTRA AP, the GTRI\/industry team has made improvements in two key areas by taking a systems approach to survivability and safety:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* \u003Cstrong\u003ESurvivability\u003C\/strong\u003E: This factor involves a vehicle\u0027s ability to shield occupants from hostile action.  The ULTRA AP will feature novel design concepts and research advances in lightweight and cost-effective armor to maximize capability and protection.  The new armor was designed at GTRI in partnership with the Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering.  The vehicle also incorporates a \u0022blast bucket\u0022 designed to provide ballistic, blast and enhanced roll-over protection.  New vehicle designs must incorporate dramatically increased resistance to explosions caused by mines and improvised explosive devices, Caille noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* \u003Cstrong\u003ESafety with Performance\u003C\/strong\u003E: The ULTRA design explored the use of on-board computers to integrate steering, suspension and brakes to provide an unparalleled level of mobility and safety, Caille added.  The new vehicle\u0027s integrated chassis represents an advancement over the most advanced current production vehicles.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ULTRA AP project has been supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) as part of its mission of investigating and assessing new technologies for military use.  By providing the ULTRA AP concept vehicle for the U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Army to study, ONR expects to spur innovative thinking and gather feedback on the ideas being demonstrated.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn developing the ULTRA AP, GTRI brought together a group of industry professionals that included Scott Badenoch, an auto industry advanced development and racing professional; Tom Moore, former Chrysler vice president of Liberty Operations, the company\u0027s advanced engineering center; Walt Wynbelt, former program executive officer with the U.S. Army Tank Automotive and Armaments Command, and Dave McLellan, the former Corvette chief engineer for General Motors.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ULTRA project is linked directly to \u0022e-safety,\u0022 an emerging automotive concept that combines computers and advanced technologies to make driving safer, McLellan noted.  In e-safety, night driving systems and stability control add security, while radar systems - already available in Europe - actually slow vehicles automatically under certain conditions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) is the nonprofit applied research arm of the Georgia Institute of Technology.  GTRI conducts more than $140 million in research each year for a variety of industry and government clients in a broad range of technologies.  For more information, visit (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\u0022 title=\u0022www.gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ewww.gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Office of Naval Research (ONR) manages science and technology research for the Navy and Marine Corps.  ONR sponsors basic and applied research in oceanography, advanced materials, sensors, robotics, biomedical science and technology, electronics, surveillance, mathematics, manufacturing technology, information science, advanced combat systems and technologies for ships, submarines, aircraft and ground vehicles.  For more information, visit (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.onr.navy.mil\u0022 title=\u0022www.onr.navy.mil\u0022\u003Ewww.onr.navy.mil\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(1)Kirk Englehardt, Georgia Tech Research Institute (678-557-2533 or 404-385-0280); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E);\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(2) John Toon, Georgia Institute of Technology (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E);\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(3) Jane Sanders, Georgia Institute of Technology (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E);\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(4) Office of Naval Research (703-696-5031); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:onrpao@onr.navy.mil\u0022\u003Eonrpao@onr.navy.mil\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Gary Caille, Georgia Tech Research Institute (404-463-4603); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:gary.caille@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Egary.caille@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"ULTRA AP shows options for improving survivability and mobility in combat vehicles"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A concept vehicle designed to illustrate potential technology options for improving survivability and mobility in future military combat vehicles was shown publicly for the first time Sept. 13 at a military technology meeting in Virginia.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"ULTRA AP shows options for new military vehicles"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-11 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-13T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-13T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73826":{"id":"73826","type":"image","title":"ULTRA AP concept vehicle","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73827":{"id":"73827","type":"image","title":"ULTRA AP side view","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73828":{"id":"73828","type":"image","title":"ULTRA AP concept vehicle","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73826","73827","73828"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.onr.navy.mil\/","title":"Office of Naval Research"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73820":{"#nid":"73820","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Helps Boost Middle Georgia Economy","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EStar Software continues to shine. Earlier this year, Tom Eaves, founder of the Warner Robins company, was tapped as Georgia\u0027s 2005 Small Business Person of the Year by the U.S. Small Business Administration. That honor follows on the heels of Star Software\u0027s inclusion in the 2004 \u003Cem\u003EInc\u003C\/em\u003E 500 list of fastest-growing private companies in the United States. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen Star Software was admitted to the Advanced Technology Development Center (ATDC) Warner Robins incubator in 2000, the information technology company had seven employees. Today it employs more than 85, generates more than $5 million in annual revenue and is moving into a new 15,000-square-foot building.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut ATDC isn\u0027t the only Georgia Tech group to assist Star in its growth.  Eaves also credits Georgia Tech\u0027s Procurement Assistance Center (GTPAC) for helping the company win several important government contracts. Co-located with ATDC\u0027s Warner Robins facility, GTPAC provides marketing and technical assistance to smaller companies wanting to do business with federal, state and local governments. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Most entrepreneurs possess plenty of technical skills but lack the business savvy necessary to build a company,\u0022 says Eaves. \u0022ATDC and GTPAC prevent you from making mistakes - and save you time by pointing you in the right direction.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough Star Software has received a lot of attention, it isn\u0027t the only success story in Warner Robins. Since its inception in 1991 as ATDC\u0027s first location outside of Atlanta, Georgia Tech\u0027s technology incubator has helped 27 startups and 14 landing parties plant roots in the community, increasing jobs and strengthening Warner Robins\u0027 economic base.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENo small feat, say observers, noting that many incubators have struggled, even those located in large technology hubs. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There were some people who worried that an incubator wouldn\u0027t be able to survive outside of Atlanta,\u0022 says Larry Walker, a former state representative who helped secure funding for the project. Indeed, Walker admits that even he had a few concerns. \u0022But ATDC has been a tremendous success exceeding our best expectations,\u0022 he says, noting the Warner Robins incubator has paved the way for other ATDC offices in Savannah and Columbus.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EChanging landscape\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen ATDC opened its doors in Warner Robins\u0027 Advanced Technology Park, the neighborhood was pretty sparse. In fact, only two buildings stood at that time: the Middle Georgia Technology Development Center (MGTDC) with ATDC as its anchor tenant, and a speculative building, which was a joint project of the city and county government. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EToday, the park comprises more than 35 buildings, with many occupied by former ATDC members who leased or bought real estate to accommodate their companies\u0027 growth. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There is no question that the ATDC has been a catalyst for the park\u0027s success,\u0022 observes Morgan Law, executive director of the Houston County Development Authority, the park\u0027s developer. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough the park originally targeted technology companies and manufacturers as tenants, professional service firms, such as doctors and law practices, have been attracted to the park in recent years, Law says. Business supply firms, restaurants and retailers have also sprouted around the park\u0027s periphery. As a result, the west side of Warner Robins has metamorphosed from country fields into a mixture of commerce and technology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to bringing new jobs to Warner Robins, the technology park has also bolstered tax rolls. \u0022When land moves from public to private ownership, it benefits everyone by increasing the flow of tax dollars to schools and public parks,\u0022 Law observes, noting that since the park opened, land prices have risen from $25,000 to $100,000 per acre.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPart of ATDC\u0027s mission in Warner Robins is to support the Warner Robins Air Logistics Center. To this end, ATDC\u0027s landing party program - which helps attract companies from other states to set up shop in Georgia - has been instrumental in bringing more aerospace industry to the community. Among recent newcomers are Cubic Defense Applications, Megabyte International, Terma and Quantum Research International. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The base is Georgia\u0027s largest industrial complex - employing more than 25,000 - but many people don\u0027t realize that two-thirds of the money flowing into it doesn\u0027t stay in Georgia,\u0022 points out James Calvin, founder of Microcross Inc., a former ATDC company. Many components for planes and weapon systems are sourced from other states, he explains, noting that \u0022landing parties help counteract this outflow by providing new jobs in the area.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMore eggs in the basket\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to serving the military base, ATDC has broadened the technology mix in Warner Robins.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We don\u0027t have to hold our breath anymore about BRAC (base realignment and closure) so hopefully the base will continue to prosper, but with any economy it\u0027s also important that you diversify,\u0022 says Robert Hatcher, a partner at NanoMist\u00ae Systems, a current ATDC member. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022ATDC has helped the community see the importance of encouraging other types of technology businesses - that there is life beyond the base,\u0022 adds Gary Martin, founder of IDMI, which graduated from the incubator in 2002. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBoth NanoMist and IDMI are good examples of this diversification. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENanoMist is commercializing an innovative technology for delivering ultra-fine mists composed of micron- and submicron-sized droplets. This technology has a variety of applications, but NanoMist has made the most progress in commercializing a fire-suppression solution that uses water mist - an alternative to chemical agents that have environmental concerns.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The smaller the droplets, the larger their surface area, enabling heat to be absorbed more quickly,\u0022 explains K.C. Adiga, Nanomist\u0027s founder. In lab tests, NanoMist\u0027s technology extinguished a 12-inch diameter pan of flaming kerosene in 10 seconds using only 25 milliliters of water (less than 1 fluid ounce or 1\/8 cup). Besides being remarkably fast, NanoMist\u0027s fire-suppression solution is cheaper than chemical agents and causes less damage. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENanoMist is now expanding into nanomaterials process technology and electronics cooling, and the company has a strong patent portfolio in these areas. Other potential applications include: sterilizing instruments in hospital operating rooms, preventing staph infections in recovery rooms, and sanitizing during food packaging processes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFounded in 1996, IDMI developed the first online solution for insurance companies. PTS, its flagship product, allows agencies to manage their databases and systems - everything from underwriting to data warehousing - from the Internet, which increases efficiencies and reduces errors and costs. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince leaving ATDC to move into larger offices in the technology park, IDMI has grown to 25 employees with customers in 14 states, Martin reports. The company generated $2.5 million in 2004 revenue and is on track to double revenue to $5 million in 2005.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd though Star Software initially served defense contractors, the company has been branching out. This summer Star Software launched its first educational product, which enables schools to access better software, ranging from auditing and accounting programs to Smart Card technology for managing student attendance or food programs. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re targeting lower-end school districts that don\u0027t have large IT budgets,\u0022 Eaves says, noting that the company has already signed on three customers. \u0022We also hope to get into healthcare before the year is over, offering both IT solutions and process engineering.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStill another new direction, Star Software is developing an information retrieval technology that combines images and words to generate more meaningful searches. Funded with a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I grant from the National Science Foundation, the company now is studying the feasibility of an automated tool for analyzing satellite imagery. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of ATDC\u0027s newest resources for helping both existing and startup companies is the Aerospace Innovation Center. Located in the same building as ATDC, the innovation center is one five created in 2003 to support technology-based economic development in Georgia. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The innovation center opens up new avenues in funding, R\u0026amp;D, education and training,\u0022 explains Sherry Giddings, manager of the Warner Robins ATDC and director of the innovation center. \u0022It gives us more ways to help ATDC companies, which get free membership in the center.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInstant credibility\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMembership in ATDC has benefited Warner Robins startups in a variety of ways, say entrepreneurs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Besides being able to move into a professional environment without breaking the bank, you also have access to top-level resources,\u0022 points out IDMI\u0027s Martin. \u0022Consultants are a luxury that startups can\u0027t otherwise afford - typically you\u0027re limited to asking advice from friends or family.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeing affiliated with Georgia Tech also provided IDMI with instant credibility. \u0022It was a regular part of my sales pitch when trying to get clients,\u0022 Martin says. \u0022Being an ATDC member squelched any objections they might have had about giving their business to a small startup company.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMicrocross\u0027 Calvin credits ATDC for helping his company survive tough times. Microcross, which builds open-source development tools that make embedded computer systems easier to program, was about to close on $6 million in venture-capital funding four years ago. Yet before the financing went through, the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks occurred and capital markets dried up overnight. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECounseling from ATDC manager Jerry Wilson kept Microcross on course, Calvin says. (Founder of the Warner Robins incubator, Wilson died from cancer in 2003. Earlier this summer, Georgia Tech named the ATDC wing in MGTDC in Wilson\u0027s honor.)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When our funding fell through, Jerry advised us to focus on generating revenue instead of trying to attract investors,\u0022 Calvin explains. \u0022Jerry painted a picture of reality for us - that VC money wouldn\u0027t be available for two or three years - and he helped us be resourceful. If we hadn\u0027t been proactive, we would have been forced to shut our doors.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPart of Microcross\u0027 belt-tightening included downsizing from 12 to three employees. Today, however, the rebounding company has six employees and expects to generate $1 million in revenue this year.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt Star Software, Eaves also links much of his company\u0027s success to the incubator. \u0022We wouldn\u0027t be where we are today without ATDC - that\u0027s something I realize more and more as time goes by,\u0022 he says. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: T.J. Becker\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Companies gain help from ATDC, Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Through its technology incubator and government procurement assistance center, Georgia Tech is making an impact on the economy of middle Georgia.  Since 1991, the ATDC alone has assisted more than 40 companies, 27 of them startups.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Georgia Tech helps middle Georgia companies grow"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-14 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-14T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-14T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73821":{"id":"73821","type":"image","title":"Tom Eaves, founder","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73821"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.atdc.org\/","title":"ATDC"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.edi.gatech.edu\/Default.aspx?alias=www.edi.gatech.edu\/gtpac","title":"Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.starsoftware.com\/","title":"Star Software"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73812":{"#nid":"73812","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Pirelli Chooses Atlanta for New Headquarters","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EOfficials of Italian-based Pirelli and the Georgia Institute of Technology have signed a five-year strategic research and development partnership to develop new optical components and systems and new broadband access technologies for future high-speed telecommunications networks. The agreement was announced Sept. 22 by Georgia Governor Sonny Perdue, representatives of the company and Georgia Tech officials. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPirelli and researchers from the Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC) at Georgia Tech will develop a new generation of integrated optical systems. Atlanta will become the North American operational branch of Pirelli Labs, the advanced research center of the group based in Milan.  The group, founded in 2001, specializes in broadband access and second generation photonics.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPirelli will also consolidate all of its North American corporate staff activities in the new Atlanta center, including the headquarters of Pirelli Broadband Solutions, a new company that engineers and markets the innovations conceived in Pirelli Labs. This alliance will help position Georgia to become a world-class center of research excellence in photonics and broadband technologies.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Pirelli already has a great history here in Georgia, with tire facilities in Rome,\u0022 said Governor Perdue.  \u0022I am very proud that this great company has chosen Georgia for its new North American headquarters location and as the home of the new company: Pirelli Broadband Solutions. Pirelli\u0027s selection of Georgia as its new home for the broadband business was driven by the value of proximity to Georgia Tech\u0027s Electronic Design Center (GEDC), which is recognized worldwide as the leading academic research laboratory in high-speed communications electronics.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnder the agreement, visiting researchers from both organizations will work in Georgia Tech laboratories -- and in the clean rooms of Pirelli Labs near Milan.  There, advanced facilities devoted to research and development of optical components for telecommunications occupy about 54,000 square feet in the Pirelli Labs building.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPirelli\u0027s location in Atlanta will initially include laboratory space at the GEDC in the Technology Square Research Building at Georgia Tech, as well as additional headquarters office space next door in the Centergy One building.  Pirelli\u0027s initial team will consist of executive, engineering, scientific, marketing and sales professionals.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are excited at the reception we have received in Georgia and the cooperation at all levels from the governor, his staff and the University System of Georgia,\u0022 said Kevin Riddett, president and chief executive officer of Pirelli North America, Inc.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAdded Giorgio Grasso, CEO of Pirelli Labs Optical Innovation: \u0022By combining the respective know-how, Pirelli Labs and Georgia Tech will be able to develop new cutting-edge broadband access and optical technologies for the North American market. We view our partnership with GEDC as a major strategic asset in our future broadband activities.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPirelli, a pioneer in photonics worldwide, is among the world\u0027s leaders and innovators in a number of fields, including its key markets of tires and telecommunications systems. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Today\u0027s announcement indicates that we are making great progress in establishing Georgia as a hot spot in the world of electronic design,\u0022 said Craig Lesser, commissioner of the Georgia Department of Economic Development.  \u0022We set out to make Georgia a world leader in the design of high-speed communications systems, devices and chips, and Pirelli\u0027s location here takes us one step closer to achieving that vision.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Pirelli decision demonstrates the impact that Georgia Tech can have on the state\u0027s economy, noted Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are excited that an innovative company like Pirelli has chosen to locate at Technology Square in partnership with GDEC,\u0022 said Clough.   \u0022This outcome reflects the power of linking Georgia Tech\u0027s research and educational assets with those of the state of Georgia to help build the state technology sector in a time when competition for such jobs comes not only from other states, but other nations as well.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Company signs five-year R\u0026D agreement with Georgia Tech"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Officials of Italian-based Pirelli and the Georgia Institute of Technology have signed a strategic R\u0026amp;D partnership to develop new optical components and systems and new broadband access technologies for future telecommunications networks.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Pirelli signs R\u0026D agreement with Georgia Tech"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-23 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-23T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-23T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73813":{"id":"73813","type":"image","title":"Officials welcome Pirelli","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73814":{"id":"73814","type":"image","title":"Governor Perdue, President Clough","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73813","73814"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.na.pirelli.com\/en_50\/cables_systems\/telecom\/telecom_systems\/telecom_systems_na.jhtml?s1=4200140\u0026s2=22600002","title":"Pirelli Broadband Solutions"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gedcenter.org\/","title":"Georgia Electronic Design Center"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73808":{"#nid":"73808","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Study Shows Thermal Dependence of Water Bridges","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Keep cool to reduce friction\u0022 might be the advice given designers of nanoscale machinery by researchers who have just completed a study of factors influencing the formation of \u0022water bridges\u0022 - capillary connections that can glue surfaces together, giving rise to friction forces.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen surfaces touch in a humid environment, moisture forms water bridges, or capillaries, between them.  On familiar size scales, this process - known as nucleation - helps hold sand castles and wet concrete together, and is critical to the formation of clouds.  But sometimes these structures can be less helpful, causing friction sufficient to slow or even stop nanoscale machinery - or in food processing, creating large clusters of sugar, salt, baby cereals or coffee. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy studying the frictional forces acting on an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip drawn across a glass surface, researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have demonstrated for the first time that the formation of these capillaries is thermally activated.  Their study suggests that it may be possible to reduce the adhesion between surfaces by reducing temperatures and putting nanoscale surfaces into motion before the water bridges have time to form. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When you move very slowly, there is time for a capillary to form at each tiny bump or asperity in the surface,\u0022 explained Elisa Riedo, an assistant professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Physics.  \u0022But when you move faster, you have fewer capillaries.  If you go fast enough, the capillaries do not have time to form.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnderstanding the relationship between nucleation time and temperature could be crucial to the designers of very small devices that must operate in the presence of moisture, as well as to the food processing industry.  \u0022Since formation of the capillaries affects friction and adhesion between particles, if we understand this relationship, we can understand how small particles and nano-surfaces glue together,\u0022 she noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA report on the research, which has been sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Petroleum Foundation, was published in the journal \u003Cem\u003EPhysical Review Letters \u003C\/em\u003E on September 23rd.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExperimentally, Riedo and her postdoctoral collaborator Robert Szoszkiewicz used an AFM with specially-crafted ball-shaped tips that had diameters ranging from 40 to 100 nanometers.  That provided a multi-contact area of approximately 30 square nanometers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile maintaining a constant humidity of about 40 percent, they moved the tip across a slightly rough glass surface that had irregularities approximately one nanometer high.  While the tip was moving, they recorded the resistance to motion - measured in piconewtons or nanonewtons - while varying the temperature and velocity.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy charting their data, they saw evidence that the friction measured was directly related to temperature, suggesting the growth of capillary structures increases as temperature increases.  \u0022The more energetic the water molecules are, the more likely it is that they will form capillaries,\u0022 said Szoszkiewicz.  \u0022We found that nucleation times grow exponentially with the inverse of temperature.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers found that the nucleation times of nanoscopic capillaries increased from 0.7 milliseconds to 4.2 milliseconds when the temperature decreased from 332 to 299 degrees Kelvin - which is approximately room temperature.   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022To form water bridges, molecules need to overcome an energy barrier.  The thermal energy can provide the energy they need, however, it takes time for these bridges to form,\u0022 Riedo noted.  \u0022The longer the surfaces are together, the stronger the contact will be because more bridges can form.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen surfaces come close together, several processes can occur, Szoszkiewicz said.  After contact, moisture naturally adsorbed on the surfaces - along with water molecules from the air - will concentrate close to the true contact point because of diffusion.  Some initial water bridges will then form between contacting asperities.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen objects move close together but don\u0027t touch, a different process occurs.  Moisture adsorbed on each surface may coalesce, and because of attractive forces, jump together, forming a water bridge.  At a given temperature, this nucleation process will differ for each surface depending on its ability to adsorb moisture.  Newly formed capillaries then act as water sinks, attracting more water molecules because pressure inside the capillary bridge is lower than the pressure outside it.  The process continues to a point at which an equilibrium capillary bridge is formed. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The question we considered was what would be the dominant phenomenon and what would be the time scale for both phenomena,\u0022 Szoszkiewicz said.  \u0022We have experimentally demonstrated that with nano-rough surfaces, nucleation will be dominant.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond applications to atmospheric science, the food industry and nanoscale sliding machinery, the findings suggest another way to control ink flow in dip-pen nanolithography.  In that process, ink flowing from an AFM tip is used to write nanoscale patterns that could be useful in such processes as semiconductor lithography. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In this case, you might use the temperature dependence to increase the velocity of the ink flow, decrease it, or make the flow improbable,\u0022 said Riedo.  \u0022There are a lot of implications for the technology.  Each of the materials involved will have its own properties regarding velocity and how rapidly it forms capillary bridges.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers also measured the size of energy barrier required for water molecules to nucleate.  \u0022This energy was predicted by theoretical models using classical thermodynamics, and it matched really well with our experiments,\u0022 said Riedo.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers hope the information they provide will help engineers deal with capillary forces in a more efficient way.  Because water is ubiquitous, more information is needed about how it behaves at the nanoscale.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Water is of crucial importance everywhere in our world - in biology, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences and industrial processes,\u0022 Riedo noted.  \u0022From a fundamental point of view, it is difficult to do theoretical models of water.  But there is a huge interest in this from both theoretical and technological standpoints.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Elisa Riedo (404-894-6580); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:elisa.riedo@physics.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eelisa.riedo@physics.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Robert Szoszkiewicz (404-894-0941); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:rs365@mail.gateh.edu\u0022\u003Ers365@mail.gateh.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Capillaries of water can affect friction at the nanoscale"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"\u0022Keep cool to reduce friction\u0022 might be the advice given to designers of nanoscale machinery by researchers who have just completed a study of factors influencing \u0022water bridges\u0022 - capillary connections that can glue surfaces together, giving rise to friction.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Study shows how heat affects water at the nanoscale"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-24 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-26T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-26T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73809":{"id":"73809","type":"image","title":"Researchers examine AFM","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73810":{"id":"73810","type":"image","title":"Researchers study data","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73811":{"id":"73811","type":"image","title":"Researchers examine AFM","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73809","73810","73811"],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73898":{"#nid":"73898","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Ribbon-Cutting Launches New Samsung Design Center","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EOfficials from the Samsung Electro-Mechanics Company (SEM), the state of Georgia and the Georgia Institute of Technology held a ribbon-cutting August 17 for the company\u0027s new North American radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) design center to be located in Technology Square with the Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC).  \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Samsung RFIC Design Center will develop technology for next-generation communication systems, expanding to system-on-chip devices for modem, digital and RF equipment.  Innovations developed by researchers at the new center will impact a broad spectrum of Samsung\u0027s worldwide product offerings.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOver the next five years, the new center could employ more than 100 design scientists and engineers.  The center will initially be located in the Technology Square Research Building, which also houses the GEDC.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April, the company announced its decision to open the center in Atlanta, citing Georgia Tech\u0027s strengths in radio-frequency and mixed-signal research as major reasons for choosing the location.  Center researchers are expected to collaborate with Georgia Tech faculty and staff on a broad range of issues, including contributions to the IEEE standard for cognitive radio (IEEE 802.22).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESEM is a division of the Samsung Corporation, a global leader in semiconductor, telecommunication, digital media and digital convergence technologies.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The Samsung RFIC Design Center is the starting point for our collaboration with Georgia Tech and the state of Georgia, and will expand our ability to play an even greater role in bringing high-function, high-quality and low-cost products to the world marketplace,\u0022 said Ho-Moon Kang, President and CEO of SEM.  \u0022We are pleased with the welcome we have received from Georgia Tech and the state of Georgia as signified in this ribbon-cutting event.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELocation of the Samsung facility demonstrates the impact that Georgia Tech can have on Georgia\u0027s economy, noted Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Attracting first-class research and development facilities from global leaders like Samsung, a company known for its forward-looking leadership in the industry, is precisely what the GEDC was established to do,\u0022 he said.  \u0022By leveraging Georgia Tech\u0027s research and educational assets, we can work with private industry to build Georgia\u0027s economy based on the technology industries of the future.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to Georgia Tech\u0027s leadership in mixed-signal electronics, wireless devices and RFIC technologies, companies such as Samsung are also interested in recruiting top technical talent, Clough noted.  Working with Samsung\u0027s RFIC Design Center will allow Georgia Tech students to gain valuable real-world experience in electronic design.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJoy Laskar, director of the GEDC, expects the collaboration with Samsung to boost the center\u0027s expertise and reputation in the areas of high-frequency high-speed electronic design, and the utilization of new technology in next generation communication applications.   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are excited at the prospect of working with SEM Co. to pursue areas of common interest,\u0022 he said.  \u0022We appreciate the confidence the company has shown through the location of the new design center with the GEDC.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELocation of the design center boosts Georgia\u0027s reputation and demonstrates the state\u0027s positive technology development, noted Governor Sonny Perdue.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are confident that SEM will find Georgia an outstanding location for its research and development headquarters for these important new technologies,\u0022 Perdue said.  \u0022Its presence here will add to the state\u0027s growing reputation as an environment that encourages and nourishes science and innovation.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChang-Ho Lee, formerly with the GEDC, has been named director of the new design center.  He said the collaboration with Georgia Tech will intensify as the company develops new relationships with the campus community and recruits Georgia Tech graduates to the company\u0027s technical staff.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout SEM\u003C\/strong\u003E: Samsung Electro-Mechanics was established in 1973 as a manufacturer of key electronic components, and the company has grown into one of the industry leaders, thanks to cutting-edge technology and top product quality.  SEM pioneered the technological framework for Korean production of A\/V components and the company diversified into materials and computer parts.  In the early 1990s, the focus was on manufacturing chip components, multi-layer circuit boards, and mobile communication and optical components.  In the late 1990s, operations expanded into the production of digital products with applied high-frequency, software, engineering and design technologies.  For more information, see (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.sem.samsung.co.kr\u0022 title=\u0022www.sem.samsung.co.kr\u0022\u003Ewww.sem.samsung.co.kr\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout the Georgia Electronic Design Center\u003C\/strong\u003E: The Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC) supports world-class research, active and solution-oriented industry collaboration, intellectual property generation and revenue generating commercialization efforts.  Supported both by industry partners and federal laboratories, GEDC\u0027s research is broadly focused on fostering technology at the intersection of today\u0027s communications applications: wireless\/RF, wired\/copper and fiber channels.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMedia relations contact: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Center to develop next-generation RFIC technology"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Officials from the Samsung Electro-Mechanics Company (SEM), the state of Georgia and the Georgia Institute of Technology held a ribbon-cutting August 17 for the company\u0027s new North American radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) design center to be located in Technology Square.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New center could house 100 scientists and engineers"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-08-17 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-17T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-17T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73899":{"id":"73899","type":"image","title":"Ribbon cutting ceremony","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73899"],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73845":{"#nid":"73845","#data":{"type":"news","title":"A Wake-up Call for Innovation","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhen it comes to innovation in science and technology, the United States has been the recognized global leader since the end of World War II. But today that No. 1 position is in jeopardy as many foreign governments strengthen their educational and research programs. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConsider these statistics: \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 From 1989 to 2001, U.S. patent applications from researchers in China, India, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan increased 759 percent, while patent activity for homegrown technology grew at a slower pace of 116 percent. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Sweden, Finland, Israel, Japan and South Korea each spend more on research and development (R\u0026amp;D) as a share of their gross domestic product (GDP) than the United States. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Only 5.7 percent of undergraduate degrees in the United States are in natural sciences and engineering compared to 8 percent in Japan and 11 percent in Taiwan and South Korea. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough these benchmarks are relative - indicating percentage growth rather than absolute numbers - they reflect a disturbing trend.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The United States continues to have an innovative edge, but at the same time, our advantage is shrinking,\u0022 says G. Wayne Clough, president of the Georgia Institute of Technology and co-chairman of the National Innovation Initiative (NII), sponsored by the Council on Competitiveness (COC). A task force of business and academic leaders, NII released a report, \u0022Innovate America,\u0022 in December 2004 that recommends specific tactics for honing America\u0027s innovation capabilities. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESustaining the United States\u0027 leadership position is a serious issue - with far more at stake than national pride. Because it leads to new industries and higher-paying jobs, innovation is directly linked with economic prosperity. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENot the Usual Suspects\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis isn\u0027t the first time America\u0027s competitive advantage has been threatened, but today the challenge is more complex. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In the 1980s, the United States was inventing things, but not manufacturing them as well, particularly at the small and medium-sized establishment level,\u0022 says Jan Youtie, a senior research associate at Georgia Tech\u0027s Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures. \u0022That led to government programs like MEP (Manufacturing Extension Partnership) to enhance our competitiveness. Now the real concern is whether we can maintain our pace of innovation.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother twist is a new cast of players. In the 1980s, competition came from high-skilled, high-wage countries like Japan and Germany. Today, emerging Asian countries are displaying surprising clout in technology. For example, India is winning recognition in software development, and South Korea is showing strength in electronics and computer storage and display technologies. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet China is sparking some of the greatest concern as it evolves from being merely a low-cost competitor to one with growing technology capabilities. From 1989 to 2001, China\u0027s high-tech industry output - which includes aerospace, computers, communications equipment, pharmaceuticals and medical instruments - jumped eightfold from $30 billion to $257 billion. In comparison, the United States\u0027 output slightly more than doubled from $423 billion to $940 billion.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This year China is expected to produce nearly 100 million mobile phones and three million laptops, more than Korea and India combined,\u0022 observes Philip Shapira, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Public Policy. In addition to manufacturing, China has dramatically increased its R\u0026amp;D spending and is becoming a high-volume producer of research, he says. In fact, China recently edged Japan out of second place in the number of published papers on nanotechnology and is now right behind the United States. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EShrinking Talent Pool \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKnowledge economies depend on skilled scientists and engineers, and in the United States that workforce is aging. More than 25 percent of today\u0027s scientists and engineers are in their fifties, and many will retire by 2010. Because fewer students are pursuing science and technology degrees, new blood is in limited supply. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the last three decades, the United States has fallen from No. 3 to No. 17 in global rankings of countries with college students earning science and engineering degrees. And the future doesn\u0027t look any better: Only 5.5 percent of high-school students taking the ACT college entrance exam in 2002 planned to major in engineering, down from 8.6 percent in 1992. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECompensation is one deterrent, experts say. Pursuing a business degree is viewed as an easier - and faster - payoff. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This nation asks a lot of its people to become Ph.D.s,\u0022 says Diana Hicks, chair of Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Public Policy. \u0022Students spend a great deal of time and money to obtain doctoral degrees when they could have been out in the market earning salaries and building pensions. In a knowledge economy, smart people have a lot of opportunities. Being a scientist isn\u0027t the only interesting career.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThat\u0027s a problem because foreign students have helped make up for the dearth of U.S. students enrolled in science and engineering. After graduating, foreign students often remain in the United States for research jobs, contributing to our nation\u0027s knowledge base. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESociety is another influence, others say. \u0022Society rewards people in its public culture and the images portrayed in the media. Yet American culture often values sports and movie stars over being a scientist,\u0022 notes John McIntyre, director of Georgia Tech\u0027s Center for International Business Education and Research. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The thoughtful people in our society don\u0027t get media play,\u0022 says Kathleen Kingscott, IBM Corp\u0027s director of innovation policy and an NII participant. Kingscott sees the effect with her two children, who aren\u0027t interested in science, even though they are good students. In fact, Kingscott recalls encouraging her 11-year-old daughter to attend a science program for young girls sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It was the last thing in the world she wanted to do. She didn\u0027t want to be perceived as a geek,\u0022 says Kingscott. \u0022We need to make it cool to be smart.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the same time American students are abandoning science and engineering, fewer foreign students are coming to the United States. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome of the decline stems from 9\/11, with new immigration policies making it more difficult for foreign students to secure visas. Another reason, as other countries have bolstered educational centers, their young people no longer are dependent on the United States for advanced training. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd if foreigners do choose to study in the United States, they have more reasons for returning home. In many countries with reformed economies, salaries for professors and researchers have escalated significantly. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen Xiao-Yin Jin was working at the Shanghai Industry Foundation in 1990, his annual salary was less than $1,200 in U.S. dollars. \u0022And I held a full professor position at the time,\u0022 says Jin, a visiting scholar at Georgia Tech\u0027s Technology Policy and Assessment Center. Today, Chinese professors in key universities earn more than $12,000 per year, he says. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChinese professors can further increase their income by doing government or industry-funded research, where a portion of grant money (about 10 to 15 percent) is available as salary or bonuses. Another incentive, government policies encourage scientists to become entrepreneurs, Jin adds. If a researcher\u0027s innovation can be used to start a business, the organization is tax-free for three to five years. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs the entrepreneurial climate heats up in other countries, there\u0027s a sort of \u0022Wild West\u0022 allure, observes Chad Evans, vice president of the Council on Competitiveness\u0027 NII. \u0022There\u0027s a sense that students could change the world if they go back to their own countries \u0085 that they might become the next Bill Gates,\u0022 he explains. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe Money Pot \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETrends in federal funding are also undermining America\u0027s knowledge base. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrom the end of World War II to 1980, Uncle Sam provided the bulk of the nation\u0027s research and development (R\u0026amp;D) dollars. Yet the private sector now foots the lion\u0027s share (68 percent), and nearly three-fourths of that money is earmarked for development, not basic research. Sometimes referred to as \u0022discovery research,\u0022 basic research seeks to expand knowledge of a subject without specific applications in mind. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Basic research is important because it sets up the country for the next generation of technology so we don\u0027t run out of innovations,\u0022 Hicks says. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYet the portion of the federal government\u0027s R\u0026amp;D portfolio that goes toward basic research has been stagnant or declining for most non-biomedical disciplines during the past 15 years, says Kei Koizumi, R\u0026amp;D budget and policy director at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Looking at 2006 and beyond, cuts for basic research look worse, he adds. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPresident George W. Bush\u0027s 2006 proposed budget devotes $132.3 billion to R\u0026amp;D spending, up a mere 0.1 percent from 2005. NASA stands to benefit the most, with increases for space exploration resulting in fallout for other agencies. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the Department of Defense (DOD), the biggest supporter of engineering research, there would be a slight budget increase. Yet within DOD\u0027s accounts devoted to science and technology, basic research dollars would drop 12.9 percent with a 14.7 percent decrease for applied research, according to Koizumi. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe National Science Foundation (NSF) and National Institutes of Health (NIH), two large supporters of basic research, will see slight budget increases - 2.8 and 0.5 percent respectively. But once adjusted for inflation, there is actually less discretionary money for research: The size of NSF grants and the number of NIH research projects will shrink. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Already at NSF, less than one out of five applicants receive funding, which compares to a 25 to 35 percent rate of funding in the past,\u0022 Koizumi says. \u0022Of course we want competition, but we also stand to lose a lot of good ideas.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EInvesting in the Future \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBasic research may seem expendable to politicians because it\u0027s not about instant gratification. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022You don\u0027t pay today and see the results tomorrow. Basic research provides for the future,\u0022 notes Samuel Rankin, associate executive director of the American Mathematical Society, who likens basic research to a 401(k) fund. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIndeed, basic research has the ability to create entirely new areas of commercial activity. For example, basic research funded by the government has led to the Internet, bar coding, robotics and gene mapping. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany of the products Americans enjoy today stemmed from federally funded research initiated more than 20 years ago, says Evans of the Council on Competitiveness. \u0022If we aren\u0027t making that investment today, the chances of there being innovations for us to enjoy in the future are slim,\u0022 he adds. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFederal funding for basic research also has a profound effect on the talent pool. \u0022Universities need stable funding not only for research to come to fruition but also to train graduate students,\u0022 Rankin says. \u0022When students see the funding spigot turned on and off, it affects morale. They think, \u0027Why put up with this?\u0027 These are bright people who have other opportunities.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to increased funding, experts call for a diversified R\u0026amp;D portfolio for basic research. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We can\u0027t just put all our eggs in one basket,\u0022 Evans explains. \u0022Health sciences may be poised for great breakthroughs, but you still need the talented mathematicians for computer modeling. It\u0027s the interface of disciplines that will lead to new fields of discovery.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncreased funding is just one aspect of sustaining the United States\u0027 knowledge base; innovation depends on a complex ecosystem. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUnderscoring that fact, NII\u0027s \u0022Innovate America\u0022 report recommends 32 strategies across three categories: talent, infrastructure and funding. Implementing the plan calls for a unified effort, Clough stresses: \u0022It can\u0027t be done solely from the government side. It requires the cooperation of industry and universities as well.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd though the United States is still at the front of the innovation race, that\u0027s no excuse to delay action, experts agree. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This isn\u0027t a problem with a short-term fix,\u0022 says Alan Porter, co-director of Georgia Tech\u0027s Technology Policy and Assessment Center. \u0022Beyond our knowledge base, we have nothing else - no natural resources - that gives us a competitive edge in the global economy. We\u0027re fine right now, but in 15 years, this could really bite us.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENote: This article first appeared in the Spring\/Summer 2005 issue of Georgia Tech\u0027s Research Horizons Magazine.\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: T.J. Becker\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"U.S. competitive edge in science and technology is at risk"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"When it comes to innovation in science and technology, the United States has been the recognized global leader since the end of World War II. But today that position is in jeopardy as foreign governments strengthen their programs.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"The U.S. competitive edge is at risk"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-05 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73846":{"id":"73846","type":"image","title":"Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73847":{"id":"73847","type":"image","title":"Phil Shapira","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73848":{"id":"73848","type":"image","title":"Diana Hicks","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73846","73847","73848"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/innovateamerica.org\/webscr\/report.asp","title":"National Innovation Initiative"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.compete.org\/","title":"Council on Competitiveness"},{"url":"http:\/\/gtresearchnews.gatech.edu\/reshor\/rh-ss05\/at-risk.html","title":"Research Horizons special section"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73849":{"#nid":"73849","#data":{"type":"news","title":"New Technique Controls Nanoparticle Size","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EBecause the properties of nanoparticles depend so closely on their size, size distribution and morphology, techniques for controlling the growth of these tiny structures is of great interest to materials researchers today.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA research team from the Georgia Institute of Technology and Drexel University has discovered a surprising new mechanism by which polymer materials used in nanocomposites control the growth of particles. Reported on August 28th at the 230th national meeting of the American Chemical Society, the findings could provide a new tool for controlling the formation of nanoparticles.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGrowing particles within the confinement of polymer-based structures is one technique commonly used for controlling nanoparticle growth. After formation of the particles, the polymer matrix can be removed -- or the resulting nanocomposite used for a variety of applications. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a series of experiments, the research team found a strong relationship between the chemical reactivity of the polymer and the size and shape of resulting nanoparticles.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We have concentrated on the reactivity of the polymeric matrix and how that influences the growth of particles,\u0022 explained Rina Tannenbaum, an associate professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Materials Science and Engineering. \u0022We found that in the melt the key parameter influencing particle size is actually the type of interaction with the polymer. The molecular weight of the polymer and the synthesis temperature are almost insignificant.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a series of experiments, Tannenbaum and her collaborators created iron oxide nanoparticles within polymer films of different types, including polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), bisphenol polycarbonate, poly(vinylidene di-fluouride) and polysulfone. The polymeric matrix was then decomposed using heat, leaving the particles to be characterized using transmission electron microscopy. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These polymers spanned a variety of functional groups that differed in the strength and nature of their interactions with the iron oxide particles and in their position along with polymer chain,\u0022 Tannenbaum explained. \u0022We found that the characteristic nanoparticle size decreased with the increasing affinity -- the strength of the interaction -- between the polymer and the iron oxide particles.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESpecifically, iron oxide particles formed in strongly interacting polymer media tended to be small (10-20 nanometers in diameter) and pyramid-shaped, while those formed in weakly-interacting media tended to be larger (40 to 60 nanometers in diameter) and spherical.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers also found that the length of the polymer chain was only weakly related to the particle growth. \u0022This means that for the same result, we can work in the melt with lower molecular-weight materials and have lower glass transitions,\u0022 Tannenbaum explained.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the experimental results, Tannenbaum and Associate Professor Nily Dan of Drexel\u0027s Department of Chemical Engineering charted the relationship between average particle size and the reactivity of the polymer interface. That information should help other scientists as they attempt to regulate the growth of nanoparticles using polymer reactivity.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETannenbaum and Dan theorize that the polymer layer surrounding a nanoparticle while it grows favors an optimal interfacial curvature that sets the equilibrium particle characteristics. That may be related to the free energy of the adsorbed polymer layer.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the researchers focused on iron oxide in this work, they believe the control mechanism should be broadly applicable to other particles and polymeric materials.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENext, the researchers plan to explore the influence of polymers in solution -- a more complicated task involving more variables. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In solution, the situation is much more complicated,\u0022 Tannenbaum said. \u0022The polymer chains are on the loose, and face competition from the solvent. The chains will be reluctant to adsorb onto the surface of the particles, so we may end up with larger particles than in the melt. In solution, molecular weight of the polymer will have an impact.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe work reported at the American Chemical Society meeting is part of a broader study of how nanoparticles interact with polymers -- specifically, the interface between polymer chains and nanoparticles.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The interface has important fundamental properties,\u0022 Tannenbaum noted. \u0022When you look at nanocomposites, the interface is a very large component of the whole structure. You can\u0027t look at a nanocomposite as having just two components -- the interface is really a third.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond their use as a means for controlling nanoparticle size, nanocomposites may also have applications of their own. Their periodic structure, for instance, can be useful in optical and photonic applications.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research has been sponsored by the National Science Foundation, Petroleum Research Fund of the American Chemical Society, U.S. Air Force Research Labs and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETannenbaum, Dan and collaborators Melissa Zubris of Georgia Tech, Eugene Goldberg of the University of Florida, and Shimon Reich of the Weizmann Institute of Science earlier reported on the polymer-directed synthesis of nanoclusters in the journal \u003Cem\u003EMacromolecules\u003C\/em\u003E. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Rina Tannenbaum (404-385-1235); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:rina.tannenbaum@mse.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Erina.tannenbaum@mse.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Researchers learn how polymer matrix controls particle growth in nanocomposites"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A research team from the Georgia Institute of Technology and Drexel University has discovered a surprising new mechanism by which polymer materials used in nanocomposites control the growth of particles.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New method found for controlling nanoparticle size"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-05 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73850":{"id":"73850","type":"image","title":"Particles in polymers","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73850"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/FacultyStaff\/MSE_Faculty_researchbios\/Tannenbaum\/tannenbaum.html","title":"Rina Tannenbaum"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73851":{"#nid":"73851","#data":{"type":"news","title":"New Method Can Detect Potential Bioterror Agent","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA new combination of analytical chemistry and mathematical data analysis techniques allows the rapid identification of the species, strain and infectious phase of the potential biological terrorism agent \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii\u003C\/em\u003E. The bacterium causes the human disease Q fever, which can cause serious illness and even death.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch by the Georgia Institute of Technology and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has yielded a method that proved to be 95.2 percent accurate in identifying and classifying \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii\u003C\/em\u003E. The laboratory test delivers results in about five minutes compared to about two hours for the lab technique currently used to detect this bacterium.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Because of its potential use as a bioweapon, we needed a method to detect \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii \u003C\/em\u003Eat an early stage, and we needed to be able to determine which strain is present so authorities can determine the geographic area from which it came,\u0022 said Facundo Fernandez, an assistant professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Georgia Tech. He presented the research team\u0027s findings Sept. 1 at the 230th American Chemical Society National Meeting in Washington, D.C.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFernandez and his Ph.D. student Carrie Young, a chemist in the CDC\u0027s Environmental Health Lab, collaborated with CDC researchers in the National Center for Environmental Health and the National Center for Infectious Diseases. They combined mass spectrometry -- an analytical technique to study ionized molecules in the gas phase -- and a mathematical data analysis technique called partial least squares analysis.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMass spectrometry allows researchers to look at the profiles of different proteins expressed in a microorganism. Partial least squares analysis lets researchers separate important information from \u0022noise\u0022 -- or biological baseline shifts caused by sample preparation variations -- that could corrupt a predictive model.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENot only is the combination of these techniques into one method a novel concept, this research also represents the first time that \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii\u003C\/em\u003E has been detected at the strain level with a rapid detection process, Fernandez noted. Such classification is a challenging task with bacteria, he added. Researchers believe the technique also will work with other pathogens, which they expect to begin studying this fall.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii \u003C\/em\u003Eis a species of concern because it causes the highly infective human disease Q fever, which is transmitted primarily by cattle, sheep and goats. A human can be infected by as few as one bacterium. The disease can be manifested as a chronic or acute case, depending on the strain. Symptoms can include high fever, severe headache, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and chest pain. Q fever can also lead to pneumonia and hepatitis. The chronic form of the disease can cause endocarditis, an infection of a heart valve, and even lead to death.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to being a public health threat, \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii \u003C\/em\u003Eis listed as a Category B bioterrorism agent because of its long-term environmental stability, resistance to heat and drying, extremely low infectious dose, aerosol infectious route and history of weaponization by various countries, according to the CDC.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo date, Georgia Tech and CDC researchers can differentiate between seven \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii \u003C\/em\u003Estrains, which come from Australia, the United States and Europe. Some strains are more infective than others, and the researchers\u0027 method determines not only the strain, but whether it\u0027s a Phase I or II strain depending on its ability to infect, Fernandez explained.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The next step is to fine tune our model and increase the number of strains we can identify,\u0022 Fernandez said. \u0022There is a library of strain samples available to us, though the samples are sanitized with gamma radiation and rendered inactive before analysis.\u0022 To identify strains, researchers examine the appearance of biomarker proteins in samples.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In some cases, we classify a strain by the presence or absence of a biomarker. And sometimes we see the same biomarker proteins, but at varying levels, in different strains,\u0022 Fernandez noted. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers\u0027 detection technique is highly sensitive, meaning it can detect \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii\u003C\/em\u003E strains at very low concentrations - specifically at the attomole level, which is equivalent to 1 X 10-17 moles. (Moles measure the actual number of atoms or molecules in a sample.)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUntil now, the best method to differentiate between strains of \u003Cem\u003ECoxiella burnetii \u003C\/em\u003Ewas a laboratory technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which analyzes the genes of a bacterium and yields results in one to two hours. The new method, which analyzes the proteins of a bacterium, can yield results in five minutes. For now, it is also a laboratory test, though separate research involving Fernandez and other Georgia Tech researchers is pursuing development of a field-testing instrument.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In a bioterrorism event, you want more than one method to determine the strain you are dealing with,\u0022 Fernandez noted. \u0022So you would use our technique first and then use PCR as a second method to independently confirm your results. Also, our method using mass spectrometry, allows you to quickly replicate your analysis - even 10 times if you want to. That gives you an added degree of statistical significance.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFernandez and his colleagues began the research in June 2004 with funding from the CDC and a Georgia Tech Research Corporation seed grant. With their encouraging results about the method\u0027s capability, they plan to apply for additional federal funds in the near future. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWorking with Fernandez and Young are John Barr and his colleagues Adrian Woolfitt and Hercules Moura of the National Center for Environmental Health, and Edward Shaw (now at Oklahoma State University) and Herbert Thompson of the National Center for Infectious Diseases. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Con\u003C\/strong\u003Etacts: Jane Sanders, Georgia Tech (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545) or John Toon, Georgia Tech (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or National Center for Environmental Health, CDC (404-498-0070); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:atsdric@cdc.gov\u0022\u003Eatsdric@cdc.gov\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Facundo Fernandez, Georgia Tech (404-385-4432); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:facundo.fernandez@chemistry.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Efacundo.fernandez@chemistry.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Barr, CDC (770-488-7848); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:JBarr@cdc.gov\u0022\u003EJBarr@cdc.gov\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Tech and CDC collaborate on combination technique"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A new combination of analytical chemistry and mathematical data analysis techniques allows the rapid identification of the species, strain and infectious phase of the potential biological terrorism agent Coxiella burnetii.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Combination method detects potential terror agent"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-05 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73852":{"id":"73852","type":"image","title":"Researchers in lab","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73853":{"id":"73853","type":"image","title":"Coxiella burnetii bacteria","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73854":{"id":"73854","type":"image","title":"mass spectrometry equipment","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73852","73853","73854"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.chemistry.gatech.edu\/faculty\/Fernandez\/","title":"Facundo Fernandez"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/","title":"The U.S. Centers for Disease Control"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.chemistry.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73855":{"#nid":"73855","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Switchable Solvents Provide Greener Processing","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA new class of solvents whose key properties can be rapidly \u0022switched\u0022 by the introduction of a common gas could provide a more environmentally-friendly way of producing specialty chemicals for the pharmaceutical and other industries.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA research team from Queen\u0027s University in Canada and the Georgia Institute of Technology in the United States reported on the development of the \u0022switchable solvents\u0022 in the August 24th issue of the journal \u003Cem\u003ENature\u003C\/em\u003E. The first example of what could become a family of such solvents can be changed from a non-ionic liquid to an ionic liquid -- and back again -- with the alternate addition of nitrogen or carbon dioxide.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ability to rapidly change the key properties of a solvent could allow multiple steps of a chemical reaction to be carried out without the need for removing and replacing solvents. That could potentially reduce pollution, cut cost and speed chemical processing.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This process could provide a potential tool for benign and economical processing in the manufacture of high-value specialty chemicals,\u0022 said Charles Liotta, Georgia Tech\u0027s vice provost for research and graduate studies, Regents professor of chemistry and a member of the team reporting in the journal. \u0022One possible use for these solvents would be for such applications as the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical precursors, especially for asymmetric or chiral compounds.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChemical processing often requires multiple reaction and separation steps, and the type of solvent required for each step may be different. The solvent is therefore usually removed and replaced after each step, contributing to total processing costs, said Charles Eckert, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and director of the Specialty Separations Center. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When you have to add and remove solvents, it\u0027s both expensive and polluting,\u0022 he noted. \u0022With this new class of solvents, we would be able to do what are called \u0027one-pot syntheses\u0027 -- that is, to carry out several steps in the same container with the same materials without having to do separations in between.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe switchable solvent system provides a means of reducing the environmental impact from producing pharmaceuticals and other products that are essential to society today, noted Philip Jessop, the paper\u0027s lead author and Canada Research Chair in Green Chemistry at Queen\u0027s University.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We all want the products of the plastics and pharmaceutical industries, but we don\u0027t want the pollution,\u0022 Jessop noted. \u0022Our research is seeking ways to decrease the amount of solvent waste being generated by these companies.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe reaction begins with a one-to-one mixture of two non-ionic liquids: DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene) and 1-hexanol. When carbon dioxide is bubbled through the liquid mixture at one atmosphere of pressure, the liquid becomes ionic. The change can be readily reversed, with the ionic liquid converted back to its previous non-ionic state by bubbling nitrogen or argon through it.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe change of properties takes place at room temperature, and can be accelerated by raising the temperature to about 50 degrees Celsius. The change takes place rapidly, as soon as enough of the gas is bubbled through, Eckert said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The carbon dioxide actually reacts with a nitrogen atom of the amidine, so the carbon dioxide here is not a solvent -- it\u0027s a reactant,\u0022 he explained. \u0022That provides a redistribution of charge that makes the combination ionic. When the nitrogen gas is bubbled through, the carbon dioxide is swept out because it is only weakly bound, so the solvent goes back to its original state.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers reported that the non-ionic liquid (hexanol and DBU) formed under nitrogen is as nonpolar as chloroform, while the ionic liquid formed under carbon dioxide is as polar as propanoic acid. The researchers demonstrated the polarity changes by testing the solubility of the nonpolar compound decane in each liquid.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe solvent tested by researchers from Queen\u0027s and Georgia Tech is a \u0022proof of concept,\u0022 though practical applications aren\u0027t yet known. The work being done by the research team -- which also includes David Heldebrant and Xiowang Li, both from Queen\u0027s University -- is an example of how chemical design principles are facilitating the application of green chemistry.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are designing molecules for a specific function,\u0022 Eckert explained. \u0022We decide what functions we want, then put atoms together in such a way that we can achieve that function. The collaboration of chemists and chemical engineers at different institutions is what makes it possible to look at both the molecular aspects and the applications.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESolvents known as ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at room temperature or near-room temperature. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They tend to have a lot of organic character, and have been widely hailed as environmentally benign because they have no vapor pressure,\u0022 Eckert noted. \u0022They have applications where they are beneficial, and they have some unusual properties that we hope to use.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEckert and Liotta are recipients of the 2004 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards, which recognized their collaboration in developing benign tunable solvents that couple reaction and separation processes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGreen chemistry refers to the development of chemical processes and products that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. Rather than focusing on the natural environment and pollutant chemicals in nature, this type of chemistry seeks to reduce and prevent pollution at its source.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re concerned with pollution prevention rather than treatment,\u0022 said Jessop. \u0022That\u0027s a much more economic way to approach the problem.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon, Georgia Tech (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax: (404-894-4545) or Nancy Dorrance, Queen\u0027s University (613-533-2869); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:dorrance@post.queensu.ca\u0022\u003Edorrance@post.queensu.ca\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders, Georgia Tech (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"New class of solvents are more environmentally friendly for specialty processing"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A new class of solvents whose key properties can be rapidly \u0022switched\u0022 by the introduction of a common gas could provide a more environmentally-friendly way of producing specialty chemicals for the pharmaceutical and other industries.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New solvents are more environmentally friendly"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-05 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73856":{"id":"73856","type":"image","title":"Charles Liotta, Charles Eckert","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73857":{"id":"73857","type":"image","title":"Diagram of solvents","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73856","73857"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/gtresearchnews.gatech.edu\/newsrelease\/greenchemistry.htm","title":"Green Chemistry Award"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.che.gatech.edu\/ssc\/","title":"Specialty Separations Center"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.chbe.gatech.edu\/faculty_staff\/faculty\/eckert.htm","title":"Charles Eckert"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.chemistry.gatech.edu\/faculty\/Liotta\/","title":"Charles Liotta"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73858":{"#nid":"73858","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Program Helps Save Jobs","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0022GTPAC\u0022 stands for the Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center, but in the small town of Bowdon, Ga., it means a whole lot more.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe GTPAC staff, specifically Jerry Shadinger, helped Bremen-Bowdon Manufacturing Co. win a U.S. government award to produce combat and military dress uniforms and outerwear. The multi-year, multi-million-dollar federal contract has helped keep the company in business, along with the 400 jobs it provides in a town of 1,840, said Elizabeth Plunkett-Buttimer, co-chair and co-CEO of the business started by her grandfather in the late 1940s.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This kind of economic opportunity means a lot to a small town,\u0022 said Plunkett-Buttimer, who also serves as chair and CEO of a family-owned sister company, Bowdon Manufacturing Co. \u0022It\u0027s not numbers on a page, but people\u0027s lives.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELike most U.S. textile and apparel manufacturers, Bremen-Bowdon\u0027s domestic retail customer base has been completely lost to inexpensive imports. The one remaining market is the U.S. government, which by law must secure a portion of its purchases from domestic sources. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Georgia Tech has helped us in the process of reinventing our business by giving us very important leads as to contracts, when they would become available and how to go about doing business with the government,\u0022 Plunkett-Buttimer said. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe said GTPAC seminars on how to do business with the government have been particularly helpful for her companies\u0027 strategic future.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They have been instrumental in our transition from serving retail clothiers to serving the U.S. government,\u0022 she continued. \u0022This transition was necessary for our survival and for maintaining these manufacturing jobs in the U.S.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTPAC was formed in 1985 to provide assistance to Georgia companies interested in marketing services and products to the federal government. Today the program provides assistance at federal, state and local government levels all at no cost to the businesses.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We provide firms with information, guidance and assistance on the procurement process,\u0022 said Zack Osborne, program manager at GTPAC\u0027s Warner Robins office.  \u0022In addition to individual counseling, we conduct training exercises and seminars around the state about procurement rules and procedures, and how to find bidding opportunities.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrior to joining Georgia Tech 13 years ago, Osborne spent 28 years in procurement for the Air Force. His wealth of real-world experience is typical of GTPAC counselors, many of whom are retired from careers in government procurement. The GTPAC staff boasts a combined 270 years of government contracting experience.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to Warner Robins, GTPAC counselors are stationed at offices in Albany, Atlanta, Augusta, Columbus, Rockmart and Savannah.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe GTPAC program, supported by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) and Georgia Tech\u0027s Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures in Atlanta, is premised on a belief that government contracts sustain local economies by creating and saving jobs in Georgia. That conclusion is supported by the numbers: In 2004 alone, DLA estimates that 15,251 jobs were either saved or created in Georgia through the program, with nearly 2,000 of those jobs found in the manufacturing sector.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, 267 of GTPAC\u0027s 1,490 clients received government contracts worth a total of nearly $650 million last year, Osborne said. With an annual operating cost of about $921,000, which GTPAC shares equally with DLA, those figures translate into a return-on-investment of an astonishing 1,407 to 1, according to Osborne.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOver the past 20 years, GTPAC has helped Georgia companies earn contracts worth a combined $2.4 billion, he noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe level and amount of counseling provided by GTPAC varies with the individual companies\u0027 needs. While some already have government experience and need limited help with specific areas of the process, Osborne said, the majority of GTPAC\u0027s 1,500 clients are new to the government-procurement market and are primarily interested in broadening their customer base.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTPAC may work with a company for one year or more before it receives its first government contract, Osborne said, but under GTPAC\u0027s guidance along with a healthy dose of perseverance, many companies will eventually earn a contract of some kind.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The hardest one to get is the first one,\u0022 he continued. \u0022Later contracts come easier because the company has experience under its belt. And as companies become more comfortable and successful with the process, they need us less and less.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe virtue of tenacity is exemplified by a Savannah, Ga.-based small business called Daniel Defense Inc. Owner and CEO Marty Daniel started the company in 1999 to specialize in the M-16 and M-4 weapons systems for military, law enforcement and civilian customers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETwo years ago, he learned there was a need for an improved aiming-support subsystem known as the Rail Interface System which would in turn fit a number of M-16 improvements sought by the Department of the Navy. Since the desired specifications were similar to some of Daniel\u0027s products, he was encouraged to bid for the work. After designing a product which met the required specifications, Daniel contacted the GTPAC office in Savannah, where Osborne and Larry Blige provided comments and input that led to the final proposal. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When we originally bid on this project, the solicitation was quite an undertaking,\u0022 recalled Daniel. \u0022We needed some help with the technical portion to make sure we turned in what the government was used to seeing.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe added, \u0022We were on a tight schedule to complete the proposal. Zack came down from Warner Robins and worked with us through the weekend when it was down to the wire. We got the bid turned in about 30 minutes before UPS closed, but we got it in on time.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter receiving notification of a pre-award survey to be conducted by the Defense Contract Management Agency, Daniel turned again to GTPAC. Counselors provided direct hands-on assistance by reviewing the pre-award item checklist onsite with Daniel and his subcontractors prior to the government review.  GTPAC also participated in the actual pre-award survey at Daniel\u0027s request.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEarlier this year Daniel was notified that his company along with two others had been selected to share a $50 million contract and received purchase orders to produce a limited run of products for testing. The winner of the testing phase stands to receive the large production orders.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Along with the contract were requirements for reports that had to be filed,\u0022 he said. \u0022Zack and Larry were also a huge help with those contract documents.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, a quality assurance specialist from the Georgia Tech Savannah Regional Office, Don Pital, helped Daniel revise and simplify the company\u0027s ISO 9000 quality assurance plan while still meeting government standards. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTPAC\u0027s assistance is not limited to military contractors, Osborne emphasized.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022A company may want to provide something for the U.S. Forest Service or the Department of State or some other department,\u0022 he said. \u0022As long as it\u0027s a governmental agency at some level, we\u0027ll help them find a niche where they might be able to broaden their business base.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETony Richardson falls into that category. A commercial mortgage banker with 22 years of experience and a former assistant director of FDIC in Atlanta, Richardson founded a project management consulting firm, ARF Inc., 10 years ago.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShortly after being established, AFR was certified as a small disadvantaged firm in the 8(a) program by the Small Business Administration (SBA). The SBA recommended that Richardson seek additional specialized technical assistance in developing a marketing strategy and proposal preparation methodology for government contraction. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Larry Selman and Larry Fountain from GTPAC have been tremendous with me throughout my entire career, Richardson said. \u0022They have taught me government contracting, government regulations, how to do business with the federal government - and they have helped me land three major contracts.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most recent is a $12 million award from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to perform inspections for new multi-family construction projects in eight states, Richardson said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrevious work, also for HUD, involved providing management and marketing services for single-family foreclosure properties.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Those guys at Georgia Tech helped me prepare not only the technical proposals, but they also helped me prepare the pricing proposals,\u0022 he said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022You do most what you do best,\u0022 Richardson added. \u0022My expertise is housing, and with GTPAC\u0027s help, I\u0027ve found my niche with the federal government.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax: (404-894-4545).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Zack Osborne (478-953-1460); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:zack.osborne@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ezack.osborne@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Gary Goettling\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center helps companies find new business"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center (GTPAC) helped Bremen-Bowdon Manufacturing Co. win a U.S. government award to produce uniforms and outerwear. The federal contract has helped keep the company in business.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"GTPAC helps Georgia firms find new business"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-09-05 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:38","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-05T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73859":{"id":"73859","type":"image","title":"Counselors work with company","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73859"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.edtv.gatech.edu\/","title":"Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.edi.gatech.edu\/Default.aspx?alias=www.edi.gatech.edu\/gtpac","title":"Georgia Tech Procurement Assistance Center"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73760":{"#nid":"73760","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Software Tool Helps Companies Prevent Pollution","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EAlthough storm water runoff may not seem particularly threatening, it ranks among the most common sources of water pollution in the United States. Especially at industrial sites, rain and melting snow can pick up a variety of pollutants - ranging from processing chemicals to cleaning solvents - and sweep them into nearby creeks, lakes and rivers.   \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFederal regulation calls for companies engaged in certain industrial activities to obtain a storm water permit and implement a pollution prevention program. Although an important endeavor, this can also be an onerous task, especially for small and mid-sized companies with fewer resources.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo ease compliance headaches, Georgia Tech\u0027s Energy and Environmental Management Center (EEMC) has developed storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) software that streamlines the planning process - reducing time and effort by as much as 80 percent. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFunded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency\u0027s Office of Water, this Web-based tool initially helps companies determine whether or not they even need a storm water permit. \u0022If you don\u0027t have any pollutants exposed to storm water, you are exempt, but most manufacturers fall into one of the 11 categories that require a permit,\u0022 says Ginny Key, an instructional designer at EEMC. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAvailable at either \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatechstormwater.com\u0022 title=\u0022www.gatechstormwater.com\u0022\u003Ewww.gatechstormwater.com\u003C\/a\u003E or \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatechenvironment.com\u0022 title=\u0022www.gatechenvironment.com\u0022\u003Ewww.gatechenvironment.com\u003C\/a\u003E, the SWPPP software walks companies through a series of questions about their facilities, such as whether they have outdoor fueling stations or loading docks. Then the tool guides companies through:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Assembling a pollution prevention team.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Identifying potential pollutants.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Selecting appropriate best management practices (BMPs) to control pollutants.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Recordkeeping and reporting.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Employee training.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Implementing and updating the plan.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPlans will vary tremendously depending on a company\u0027s internal expertise, the contour of its property, potential pollutants and nearby receiving waters.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome pollution-prevention remedies may require structural modifications, such as installing mechanisms to equipment to prevent fuel spills. Yet many best practices are a simple matter of good housekeeping, point out Ed Hardison and Jim Walsh, EEMC project engineers who helped develop the SWPPP tool. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor example, wooden pallets used to store equipment or containers may have collected grease or hazardous materials. Preventing pollution in storm water runoff can be easily handled by covering the pallets or taking them inside. Another low-tech remedy: making sure that outside storage drums are covered and not corroded.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen the SWPPP tool presents a best practice, it includes various business factors, such as implementation and maintenance costs, level of difficulty and expertise required. The SWPPP tool also provides contact information about each state\u0027s permitting authority and if there are additional state requirements that must be met.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the end of the program, the SWPPP tool produces a customized plan in a rich-text-format document that can be easily converted to any word-processing system. The program also saves all information and features a revision log, which enables companies to go back to the Web site and modify their plans as they make changes. For example, if they introduce new materials, those considered potential pollutants must be tracked.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of EEMC\u0027s greatest challenges was incorporating complex government regulations into a user-friendly tool. \u0022We wanted to make the process as easy as possible without watering down the information too much,\u0022 explains Greg Rupert, a Web designer and software specialist at EEMC. \u0022I think people will be surprised at how effortless the process is compared to the sophistication of their final plans.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUser-friendliness is critical not only in creating a pollution prevention plan, but also implementing it. \u0022If a regulator visits your facility and finds that you\u0027re not in compliance, you can be fined,\u0022 Walsh says. \u0022These fines typically range from $10,000 to $20,000, which may not sound monstrous, but can really hurt smaller companies.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Ginny Key (404-894-6107); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:ginny.key@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eginny.key@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Jim Walsh (404-402-3263); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jim.walsh@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejim.walsh@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Ed Hardison (229-430-4210); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:ed.hardison@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eed.hardison@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: T.J. Becker\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Web-based system helps in developing storm water pollution prevention plans"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech pollution prevention experts have produced a new Web-based software tool designed to help U.S. companies develop federally-mandated plans to prevent the pollution of storm water.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"A new Web site is helping protect water resources"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-11-03 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-03T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-03T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73761":{"id":"73761","type":"image","title":"Best practices in fueling","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73762":{"id":"73762","type":"image","title":"Experts survey fueling area.","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73761","73762"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.edtv.gatech.edu\/","title":"Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatechstormwater.com\/","title":"Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Tool"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.edtv.gatech.edu\/Default.aspx?alias=www.edtv.gatech.edu\/environment","title":"Georgia Tech Environmental Management Services"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73750":{"#nid":"73750","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Researchers Study Hurricane Impact on Gulf Areas","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe massive impact of Hurricane Katrina and her cousin Rita this past summer captured the nation\u0027s attention and compelled many to respond.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the Georgia Institute of Technology, experts across campus responded with research, training and service projects. Among their goals are better infrastructure design, configuration of port operations to reduce down time, protection of cleanup and construction workers and accessibility to services and housing for hurricane victims with disabilities.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022During the coming months and years, there will be many opportunities for the talents of our unique community to help our fellow citizens in the impacted areas recover from this stunning disaster,\u0022 says Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHere we highlight some of the efforts already under way.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStructural Damage and Port Recovery Assessments\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering David Frost organized three teams of researchers, including graduate students, to conduct week-long field studies. They assessed infrastructure damage in the Gulf Coast region in September and October. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrost and his colleagues have conducted numerous post-disaster reconnaissance studies following major natural and human-induced events, including earthquakes in Asia and California, the Indian Ocean tsunami and the 9\/11 terrorist attacks in New York City. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These studies have yielded significant new insights into both the characteristics of the events as well as the performance of manmade infrastructure subjected to these catastrophic events,\u0022 notes Frost, who is director of Georgia Tech\u0027s Savannah, Ga., campus. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of the research teams - led by Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering Glenn Rix - is determining the link between physical damage from Hurricane Katrina and the operational capacity and recovery of Gulf Coast ports, including the Port of New Orleans. Meanwhile, researchers led by Frost are analyzing wind and storm surge damage data they collected from across the Gulf Coast region.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe studies may help define a zone that is potentially subject to certain types of damage. Then engineers could design structures within a certain distance of the shore to a higher standard than those farther inland, Frost explains. For example, in Savannah, one set of building codes applies to structures on the east side of Interstate 95 and another set to buildings on the west side of the highway.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers collected information along the Gulf Coast, as they have done at other disaster sites in recent years, using integrated digital data collection systems Frost and his colleagues have developed. Included among these are data collection systems -- called P-Quake and P-Damage -- that run on a personal digital assistant (PDA) and incorporate data from handheld GPS devices, digital cameras and digital voice recorders. The systems allow researchers to collect data in a timely way to ensure its quality in an environment where it could potentially perish as cleanup begins, Frost notes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA second team, led by Assistant Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hermann Fritz of Georgia Tech Savannah, was the first Georgia Tech research group to conduct reconnaissance in the Gulf Coast area in late September and early October. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Most amazingly, hurricane-proof designed buildings did not suffer major wind damage, even in areas with peak hurricane winds,\u0022 Fritz notes. \u0022However, all buildings -- even massive structures such as hotels and office buildings, were washed out at the height of the storm surge.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother team, led by Frost, gathered data along the path of Katrina from the coast northward. \u0022We wanted to assess the overall infrastructure damage,\u0022 Frost explains.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrost\u0027s team also is making a detailed assessment of structural damage to high-rise buildings. They collected data and will analyze it face by face and floor by floor. \u0022We are trying to determine, for example, why there might have been more damage at a lower level or why one hotel and not the one next to it was damaged,\u0022 he explains. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research team led by Rix is focusing on the Gulf Coast ports, including the Port of New Orleans. Collaborating with Rix are Associate Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering Reggie DesRoches, Associate Professor of Public Policy Ann Bostrom and Assistant Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering Alan Erera.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERix and DesRoches made an initial visit to the Port of New Orleans in October, and the entire team plans to follow up with operations managers there several times next year to track the recovery process.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are looking at the Port of New Orleans and its response to this natural disaster from a systems-level perspective,\u0022 Rix explains. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe team\u0027s efforts to understand the impact of Katrina and Rita on Gulf Coast ports is closely linked to a recently funded project on seismic risk mitigation at ports as part of the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) program of NSF. In that project, a large group that includes researchers from Georgia Tech, nine other universities and consultants, are studying at methods to reduce the impact of earthquakes on ports. The five-year, $3.6 million project got under way this fall.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Although the damage to Gulf Coast ports was caused by hurricanes rather than an earthquake, it still provides valuable information on the effects of natural hazards on port operations and will allow us to calibrate our models of how ports respond to significant disruptions,\u0022 Rix notes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a related project done under the auspices of the American Society of Civil Engineers\u0027 (ASCE) Technical Committee on Lifelines and Earthquake Engineering, DesRoches and his collaborators spent several days gathering data on the damage that Hurricane Katrina inflicted on bridges and the transportation network in the Gulf Coast region. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe information they collect will be used in computer models for earthquake recovery prediction, DesRoches explains. In addition, the data may help improve infrastructure design and rehabilitation of existing infrastructure, he notes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re trying to determine the impact of damage on the recovery process,\u0022 DesRoches explains. \u0022Our models will help us make projections about the impact of an earthquake -- in particular in Charleston, S.C., should another major earthquake, like the one in 1886, occur again.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis project is funded by the Mid-America Earthquake Center (MAEC), which is supported by NSF, and ASCE. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This research is a rare learning event, an opportunity to see first hand the impact of such a natural disaster,\u0022 DesRoches says. \u0022We do a lot of simulation and experimental work in our lab. But you cannot learn this kind of information in a lab or simulation. You have to learn it in the field.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHealth and Safety Training and Information  \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo help train workers involved in cleanup and rebuilding in the Gulf Coast and south Florida areas damaged by hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma, the U.S. Department of Labor\u0027s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) awarded a one-year, $400,000 Susan Harwood Training Grant to the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) on Sept. 30. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI researchers led by project director and senior research engineer Paul Schlumper developed and are providing training materials and conducting training sessions that address occupational and safety health hazards that may be encountered by disaster recovery workers, supervisors and employers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Work zone safety and fall protection for people who are working on roofs is OSHA\u0027s top priority for us,\u0022 says Dan Ortiz, chief of the Occupational Safety and Health Division in GTRI\u0027s Health and Environmental Systems Laboratory.  \u0022\u0085. Our concern is that in the zeal to remove debris and restore buildings, workers and employers will take shortcuts. We want to have resources out there to make sure workers have the proper protective equipment and knowledge of environmental hazards.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a related GTRI effort, researchers are collaborating with colleagues at Louisiana State University (LSU) to provide information to residents and contractors in the region on the health and environmental hazards they may face as they clean up and renovate hurricane-damaged homes. Senior research scientist Bob Schmitter is leading the Georgia Tech portion of the project, which is funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its regional Technical Outreach Services to Communities (TOSC) programs operated by Georgia Tech and LSU (Regions 4 and 6, respectively). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAmong the hazards homeowners face are asbestos, lead-based paint, mold and various hazardous materials, Schmitter notes. TOSC experts compiled written information and distributed it to residents in shelters and home improvement stores. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWaste Disposal and Recycling\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, at the request of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, GTRI researchers are evaluating the feasibility of using a GTRI-designed plasma furnace system to dispose of some of the tremendous volume of debris in the region. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There\u0027s not enough landfill space available to handle this much waste, and open burning of it would pose such a huge environmental problem,\u0022 says senior research scientist Ken Johnson.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI\u0027s plasma pyrolysis gasification system uses plasma arc technology, which creates a form of \u0022artificial lightning,\u0022 using electricity to convert an ionized gas, such as air, into a plasma state. The extremely hot plasma temperature can gasify organic wastes into low-BTU fuel gases and melt inorganic wastes into an inert rock-like glassy residue. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo date, the furnace system has been used in the lab only. GTRI\u0027s laboratory model could be transported to the Gulf Region and handle 12 tons of waste a day. But the need exists for a mobile system that could handle 1,000 tons a day. Johnson has discussed construction of such a system with a company that could build it quickly. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EReferrals for Hurricane Victims with Disabilities\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, FEMA and the American Red Cross listed in its victim hotline database a Georgia Tech-based center that promotes voluntary compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Hurricane victims with disabilities misunderstood the center\u0027s mission, though, and flooded it with calls about all kinds of relief and assistance. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Southeast Disability and Business Technical Assistance Center (DBTAC) housed at the Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access in the Georgia Tech College of Architecture was inundated with over 2,200 calls in the month following Katrina over its toll free hotline (1-800-949-4232). So the Southeast DBTAC, funded since 1991 by the U.S. Department of Education\u0027s National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, became a referral center, says assistant project director Pamela Williamson.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPeople sought housing assistance, general financial assistance, food, information on how to get prescriptions filled, replacement of various assistive devices and medical equipment that were lost or damaged in the storm and answers to insurance questions. DBTAC staff even handled some calls from potentially suicidal hurricane victims.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough DBTAC\u0027s grant does not cover any of these services, staff members compiled a resource list to use to refer callers to the correct organizations. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We tried to be as customer-service oriented as possible,\u0022 Williamson says. \u0022We already had some of the referral agencies in our database, but we added many more to our list so we could help hurricane victims with disabilities.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn light of its response to Katrina, the Southeast DBTAC has revamped its work scope in Mississippi for the coming year to focus its efforts on providing ADA-related assistance to hurricane victims with disabilities. These efforts include ensuring that temporary housing is accessible, providing interpreters for people who are deaf so they can communicate with relief organizations and working with contractors to ensure that rebuilding is done in accordance with ADA Standards for Accessible Design.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n1) David Frost at 912-966-7948 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:david.frost@ce.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Edavid.frost@ce.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n2) Glenn Rix at 404-894-2292 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:glenn.rix@ce.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eglenn.rix@ce.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n3) Hermann Fritz at 912-966-7947 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hermann.fritz@gtsav.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ehermann.fritz@gtsav.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n4) Reginald DesRoches at 404 385-0826 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:reginald.desroches@ce.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ereginald.desroches@ce.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n5) Dan Ortiz at 404-894-8276 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:daniel.ortiz@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Edaniel.ortiz@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n6) Paul Schlumper at 404-385-1797 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:paul.schlumper@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Epaul.schlumper@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n7) Ken Johnson at 404-894-8075 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:ken.johnson@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eken.johnson@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n8) Shelley Kaplan at 404-385-0636 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:shelley.kaplan@coa.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eshelley.kaplan@coa.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Tech also helps with training, information and referrals"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech is responding to the Gulf Coast hurricane disasters with research, training and service projects that could lead to better infrastructure design, improved port configurations and protection of cleanup and construction workers.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Georgia Tech researchers respond to hurricanes"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-11-09 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-09T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-09T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73751":{"id":"73751","type":"image","title":"Surveying damage","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73752":{"id":"73752","type":"image","title":"Measuring storm surge","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73753":{"id":"73753","type":"image","title":"hurricane erosion","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73751","73752","73753"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtrep.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech-Savannah"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtsav.gatech.edu\/cee\/groups\/katrina\/index.html","title":"More Photos of Hurricane Damage"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003E \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=\u0022\u003EContact  \u003C\/a\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":[],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73754":{"#nid":"73754","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Bose-Einstein Coherence Extends to Condensate Atoms","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ENew research shows that the unique properties of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates extend to the internal spin states of the atoms from which the condensates are formed.  Bose-Einstein condensates are an unusual form of matter in which all atoms exist in the same quantum state. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond fundamental physics interest, the work could provide a foundation for future research with potential implications for quantum information systems.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBose-Einstein condensates are formed by cooling gas atoms to a fraction of a degree above absolute zero.  At that temperature, the atoms all drop into the same quantum state.  That makes them coherent, all possessing the same quantum wave function, a state comparable to that of photons in laser systems.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a paper published in the November issue of the journal \u003Cem\u003ENature Physics\u003C\/em\u003E, researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology reported experimental evidence that this coherence also extends to the internal spin degrees of freedom in condensate atoms, which in this case had three different spin states, denoted by 1, 0 and -1.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The question had been whether the coherence of Bose-Einstein condensates extended to what was going on in the internal states of the atoms,\u0022 explained Michael Chapman, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Physics.  \u0022The major message of our work is that it does.  We have seen manifestation that this Bose-Einstein coherence extends to the spin degrees of freedom.  This gives us a much richer system to study.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation and NASA.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECoherence in condensate spin states had been predicted theoretically, and research teams - including Chapman\u0027s - had been seeking experimental confirmation.  While the results have no immediate practical applications, they provide a foundation for future experiments that could ultimately have important real-world uses.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChapman plans to use the experimental system to study how relatively small condensates - those containing between 10 and 100 atoms - interact in a quantum way.  Researchers understand the quantum behavior of small numbers of atoms, while semi-classical physics explains how large atomic ensembles work.  Chapman wants to learn about the behavior of atomic groups in between those two size extremes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are really interested in this regime in which quantum yields to classical,\u0022 he explained.  \u0022The interest is similar to that of nanotechnology because we\u0027re asking the same basic questions.  It\u0027s fundamentally interesting because while we can write down the exact quantum solution for one or a few atoms and the semi-classical approximations for a large group of atoms, we can\u0027t specify what will happen for this in-between region.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChapman also hopes the small-scale condensate systems will be useful to understanding the atomic analogue of quantum optics or quantum atom optics, where physicists are interested in the behavior of just a few atoms.  In condensates containing a million atoms, adding or removing one atom doesn\u0027t make a difference.  But in groups containing only a hundred or so atoms, theory suggests that adding or removing one atom would make a substantial difference to the properties of the condensate.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChapman notes that internal spin degrees of freedom can exhibit quantum entanglement in a phenomenon known as \u0022spin squeezing.\u0022  Understanding that effect in Bose Einstein condensates could be useful to researchers studying quantum information systems and quantum computing.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Quantum entanglement is the bread-and-butter of quantum information and quantum computing,\u0022 he said.  \u0022From the first time that people realized you could make a condensate that has spin degrees of freedom, people knew that would be interesting because if it really behaves this way, we could use this entanglement to make systems that might have applications to quantum information.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExperimentally, Chapman\u0027s research team - which included Ming-Shien Chang and Qishu Qin along with theoretical collaborators Wenxian Zhang and Li You - began with hundreds of millions of atoms of rubidium gas in a magneto-optical atomic trap that was overlapped with an optical trap.  From this large number, they loaded a smaller group of atoms into the optical trap.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy applying magnetic fields to condensates created in the optical trap, they created condensates in different spin states and chose rubidium atoms with a -1 spin state to begin the experiment.  Into that group, they injected microwave energy, which caused some of the atoms to transition from their original state to a spin 0 state.  They then observed as atoms in the condensate collided with one another.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome - but not all - collisions produced a change in state among the atoms.  For instance, when two spin -1 atoms collide, their spin orientations remain unchanged because angular momentum must be conserved.  However, when two spin 0 atoms collide, the result can be one spin -1 and one spin +1 atom.  Over time, these collisions created quantities of the third spin state (+1) that did not exist in at the start of the experiment.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We created a spin state that didn\u0027t exist in the original form,\u0022 Chapman said.  \u0022That spin state was created by the other spin states that were coherently interactive in the condensate.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers periodically turned off the atomic trap and applied a magnetic field gradient that pulled apart the different spin states, allowing measurement of the number of atoms at each spin state.  With that information, the researchers charted spin-state population fluctuations through as many as a dozen oscillations.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe dynamics the researchers observed are analogous to Josephson oscillations in weakly connected superconductors and represent a type of matter-wave four-wave mixing.  Beyond the evidence of coherent interaction between the atoms, the research demonstrated the ability to control the evolution of the rubidium system by magnetically applying differential phase shifts to the spin states, Chapman noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Michael Chapman (404-894-5233); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:michael.chapman@physics.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emichael.chapman@physics.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Study finds key property of Bose-Einstein condensates includes spin state of atoms"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"New research shows that the unique properties of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates extend to the internal spin states of the atoms from which the condensates are formed.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Research shows new properties for Bose-Einstein"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-11-09 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-09T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-09T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73755":{"id":"73755","type":"image","title":"Population distribution of spin","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73756":{"id":"73756","type":"image","title":"Population distribution of spin","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73755","73756"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/ultracool\/","title":"Chapman Research Lab"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/people\/faculty\/mchapman.html","title":"Michael Chapman"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"69370":{"#nid":"69370","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech\u0027s ATDC Joins New Incubator Network","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech\u0027s Advanced Technology Development Center (ATDC) has joined a unique national network of business and technology incubators that is focusing the power of entrepreneurship on the nation\u0027s most pressing security challenges.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Technology Acceleration for National Security (TANS) Network includes seven founding incubators from Alabama, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, New York, Texas and Virginia.  Additional applications are being processed and the Network is expected to reach 10 states by early 2006.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are proud to be chosen to participate in this network of elite incubators around the country,\u0022 said Tony Antoniades, general manager of the ATDC.  \u0022This effort will make it much easier for our companies with homeland security technologies to get in front of the right audiences.  The use of their innovative technologies will ultimately lead to a safer America.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESelected for their superior services and capabilities, these incubators represent 106 resident small businesses.  The incubators will work with these and future member companies to meet the emerging technology needs of major government organizations and corporations.  The TANS Network will create a channel into the security marketplace, providing advanced technologies to improve national security while helping the incubator members advance their local economic development goals.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECompanies represented by the Network provide solutions such as compliance-driven vulnerability scanning for networks, high-beam X-ray scanning for containers, nanotechnologies, multimedia search, wireless antenna technology, transliteration data mining to match terrorist names, IT user authentication, data visualization, massive data storage\/transfer, and a treatment for anthrax.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Network will provide a powerful method for major corporations and government agencies to identify and nurture innovative security technologies, including those being developed outside the Washington, DC-area. TANS organizer the Chesapeake Innovation Center (CIC) already works with partners such as Northrop Grumman, BearingPoint, ARINC and the National Security Agency (NSA).  The new network will expand these efforts while adding additional security technology customers located near each member incubator.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We believe entrepreneurship is a key national asset for enhancing the security of our nation.  The TANS Network will help entrepreneurs across America address critical technology challenges faced by the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Defense, intelligence community, state\/local government, and major corporations,\u0022 said John Elstner, CEO of the CIC.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBusiness incubators and accelerators provide support services - often including consulting and office space -- to accelerate the success of small businesses.  TANS Network members will provide proprietary services to help their residents succeed in the often complex world of government contracting and security technology. Services will include market intelligence, focused networking, and teaming on contracts.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFounding Members of the TANS Network include:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Advanced Technology Development Center (ATDC)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Advanced Technology Development Center (ATDC) is a nationally recognized science and technology incubator that helps Georgia entrepreneurs launch and build successful companies. ATDC provides strategic business advice and connects its member companies to the people and resources they need to succeed.  Part of the Georgia Institute of Technology, the ATDC serves 36 early-stage technology companies in Atlanta, Columbus, Savannah and Warner Robins.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nTony Antoniades, General Manager\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.atdc.org\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www.atdc.org\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.atdc.org\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChesapeake Innovation Center (CIC)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAmerica\u0027s first business accelerator for the homeland and national security sectors, the CIC harnesses the power of entrepreneurship to enhance our nation\u0027s technological edge.  A public-private partnership initiated by the Anne Arundel Economic Development Corporation, the CIC is a driving component of Maryland\u0027s emerging \u0022Informatics Corridor.\u0022  CIC partners include Northrop Grumman, BearingPoint, Next Century Corp. and the National Security Agency.  Among the Center\u0027s sponsors are DLA Piper Rudnick Gray Cary US LLP, ARINC, M\u0026amp;T Bank, Kelly FedSecure, and Whiteford Taylor and Preston. The Center\u0027s 19 resident member companies offer a range of security and informatics technologies and services.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJohn Elstner, CEO\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cic-tech.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.cic-tech.org\u0022\u003Ewww.cic-tech.org\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EColorado Springs Technology Incubator (CSTI)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nOpened in March 2001, the Colorado Springs Technology Incubator serves to foster the development and success of high-growth companies in the greater Colorado Springs area. The mission of the organization is to provide resources to entrepreneurs, allowing them to successfully grow their companies into major employers in the area.  These companies will contribute high-wage jobs, an outlet for local intellectual capital and contributions to the local economy.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGary Markle, President\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cstionline.org\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www.cstionline.org\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.cstionline.org\u003C\/a\u003E \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHarrisonburg Innovation Center (HIC)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Harrisonburg Innovation Center (HIC) is the first technology innovation center in the City of Harrisonburg\u0027s newly created Harrisonburg Downtown Technology Zone (HDTZ). Located two hours from Washington, D.C. and ideal for federal contractor relocation, the HIC is a \u0022self-networking\u0022 environment that integrates intellectual capital with technology to develop health and security solutions for corporate and national well-being.  The HIC provides client-members unprecedented support through their highly developed philosophy and model that networks client-members, provides contracting and research vehicles, helps grow client-members through business assistance seminars and workshops and provides a \u0022world class\u0022 and secure technology infrastructure. (facility opens January \u002707)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJim Barnes, Executive Director\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www2.ci.harrisonburg.va.us\/index.php?id=211\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www2.ci.harrisonburg.va.us\/index.php?id=211\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www2.ci.harrisonburg.va.us\/index.php?id=211\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.hdtz.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.hdtz.org\u0022\u003Ewww.hdtz.org\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENortheast Alabama Entrepreneurial System (NEAES)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Northeast Alabama Entrepreneurial System (NEAES) is an economic development program designed to assist new and emerging businesses by providing a series of business incubation services which accelerate the growth of companies and provide for long-term stability. NEAES is working to develop new business opportunities centered around technology clusters developing in the East Alabama region. As a founding partner of the Center for Collaborative Research \u0026amp; Training CCRT), NEAES, along with its private and public partners, is leading in the development of an initiative that will focus on training and education for corporate and public executives to optimize their decision making capabilities in dealing with emergency situations. CCRT will also focus on the development of simulation programs leading to more effective emergency planning exercises and clearer decision making by mid to upper level management.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGiles McDaniel, Executive Director\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.neaes.org\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www.neaes.org\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.neaes.org\u003C\/a\u003E \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETexas Research \u0026amp; Technology Foundation (TRTF)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Texas Research and Technology Foundation (TRTF) is a non-profit scientific research and education organization focused on leveraging the life science and technology-based assets in San Antonio and South Texas to provide medical and technological benefits and economic development opportunities in the South Texas Region, State of Texas, and the Nation.  The TRTF network includes universities, colleges, industry representatives, military medical and intelligence professionals, technology commercialization and venture capital experts to provide a systematic process to create commercial enterprise around cutting-edge technologies, and nurture the enterprise through business development to maturity.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nYork Duncan, President\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.trpf.com\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www.trpf.com\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.trpf.com\u003C\/a\u003E \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWatervliet Innovation Center (WIC)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Watervliet Innovation Center (WIC) is a state-of-the-art business incubation program focused on accelerating the growth of emerging homeland defense and security technology companies. A new, focused program of the Center for Economic Growth, the WIC is located in a modern facility at the Watervliet Arsenal, home to the US Army\u0027s manufacturing center for large caliber cannon, 10 established private sector technology companies and defense contractors, and Benet Laboratories, a $120 million government research laboratory with world-class capabilities in materials, composites, and coatings. The Watervliet Innovation Center supports existing and start-up technology companies developing advanced materials, nanotechnology, and information technology for cutting edge homeland defense and security applications.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSimon Balint, Director\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.watervlietinnovation.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.watervlietinnovation.org\u0022\u003Ewww.watervlietinnovation.org\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EATDC News \u0026amp; Information\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMedia Relations Contact: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Technology Acceleration for National Security Network includes seven incubators"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech\u0027s Advanced Technology Development Center (ATDC) has joined a unique national network of business and technology incubators that is focusing the power of entrepreneurship on the nation\u0027s most pressing security challenges.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"ATDC has joined a homeland security network"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-11-11 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-11T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-11T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"},{"id":"131","name":"Economic Development and Policy"}],"keywords":[{"id":"4238","name":"atdc"},{"id":"4239","name":"incubator"},{"id":"167055","name":"security"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73747":{"#nid":"73747","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Manufacturing Survey Shows Value of Innovation","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA new study of nearly 650 Georgia manufacturing companies underscores the importance of innovation as a competitive strategy - at a time when international outsourcing continues to impact Georgia\u0027s manufacturing community.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 2005 Georgia Manufacturing Survey shows that companies basing their competitive strategies on the development of innovative products or processes enjoy higher returns on sales, pay better wages and have less to fear from outsourcing than do manufacturers relying on other competitive strategies.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia manufacturers that rely on innovation for their competitive edge reported returns on sales 50 percent higher than companies that compete by providing low cost products - a gap that grew substantially since the last survey in 2002.  Innovative companies paid workers a third more than the average Georgia manufacturer and were 40 percent less likely to lose work to outsourcing than were companies competing on low cost.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe survey of Georgia manufacturers, part of a periodic study begun more than a decade ago, was conducted by the Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures and the School of Public Policy at the Georgia Institute of Technology.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Innovation, whether in products or processes, or in organization or services to customers, is one of the main paths through which manufacturers can become more distinctive, secure market premiums, satisfy customers, expand sales, reward workers and improve their bottom line,\u0022 explained Phil Shapira, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Public Policy and a study co-author.  \u0022Companies that do not continuously innovate will find themselves under increasing pressure from low-cost producers in the United States and globally.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOffering innovative products gives companies a competitive edge that provides protection against outsourcing and allows them to charge a premium - which creates higher margins and allows higher wages, notes Jan Youtie, a researcher in Georgia Tech\u0027s Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures and another study co-author.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If a company competes on the basis of innovation, that usually means only a few other companies are offering similar products,\u0022 she said.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter launching its iPod music player, for example, Apple Computer was able to charge a premium - and still commands a majority of the market.  And Google has maintained a competitive edge by continuing to offer new products that build on its market-leading search engine, Youtie noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut innovation isn\u0027t limited to products and processes.  Companies can also compete using innovative marketing strategies and organizational approaches, she said.  Aflac\u0027s talking duck, for instance, provided a marketing innovation that helped the company stand out in the crowded health insurance market.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The benefits to innovation are pretty much across the board for companies in quality of goods, variety of goods, market share, increased capacity, reduced time for product delivery, improved production flexibility - and reduced inputs of materials, labor and energy,\u0022 she noted.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut there are barriers to innovation that involve costs, capabilities and risks that may keep some companies away.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It\u0027s not just a matter of money,\u0022 Youtie said.  \u0022There are also issues with having qualified personnel to undertake the innovation, seeing the need in the marketplace, and overcoming a concern that innovative products cannot penetrate markets dominated by established companies.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe relatively low priority placed on innovation doesn\u0027t bode well for the state\u0027s manufacturing community.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Without more innovation in Georgia, manufacturers abroad will steadily out-compete us by having better products and more efficient processes,\u0022 Shapira warned.  \u0022This is a particular concern for Georgia\u0027s base of small and mid-sized companies.  While we have many excellent small firms in the state, we lack the large base of innovative, specialized and flexible small manufacturers seen in some other advanced industrial economies.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFewer than 8 percent of companies responding to the survey chose to compete on innovation.  However, a much larger percentage applied innovation to products and processes that were part of other strategies.  The survey found that nearly half of Georgia manufacturers had introduced a new or significantly improved product between 2002 and 2004.  Branch facilities of companies headquartered outside the state had the highest rate of new product introduction.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThose new products can quickly become important.  The average manufacturer introducing new-to-the-market products reported that those products accounted for nearly 20 percent of sales.  Nearly 12 percent of innovators reported that their new products accounted for 50 percent or more of sales.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile innovation has traditionally been considered the business of large high-tech companies, Youtie noted that firms of all sizes - and in all technologies - can benefit. Traditional industries such as food processors can innovate in product packaging and marketing, while apparel and carpet firms might apply new finishes - perhaps based on nanotechnology - to differentiate their products.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough small companies may lack the innovation resources and networks of larger competitors, they can often make decisions and implement changes more quickly, Youtie noted.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study found that returns on sales ranged from more than 6 percent for companies competing on innovation to less than 4 percent for companies competing on low cost.  The breakdown of competitive strategies chosen included:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Providing high quality products and services (53 percent);\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Offering the lowest price (20 percent);\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Adapting products to customer needs (14 percent);\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Providing quick delivery of products or services (12 percent);\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Including value-added services with products (10 percent);\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Developing product innovations and new technology (8 percent).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe percentage of companies competing on the basis of low cost declined from 27 in 2002 to 20 percent in 2004.  Youtie and Shapira speculate that\u0027s because many companies using that strategy have simply gone out of business. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Low price will bring in more sales for a while, but it\u0027s hard to keep that up,\u0022 Youtie noted.  \u0022You have to compete with companies in countries with even lower cost structures.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor decision-makers, the study\u0027s implications are clear.  \u0022Firms, industry associations, universities and state and local policymakers all need to be involved in new efforts to stimulate many more of our small, mid-sized and larger industrial enterprises to invest in the innovative strategies that will help them not only to survive, but also to grow,\u0022 Shapira said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOther findings of the 2005 Georgia Manufacturing Survey included:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 18 percent of Georgia manufacturers lost work to international outsourcing between 2002 and 2004.  \u0022Outsourcing is a real concern now, and I expect it will continue to affect Georgia manufacturers,\u0022 Shapira said.  \u0022Some of the firms that took part in our 2004 survey will not be in businesses in the state, or will have fewer employees, when we repeat our survey in 2007.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 About 12 percent of manufacturers gained \u0022insourcing\u0022 work from facilities elsewhere in the United States.  While that shows Georgia continues to be competitive within the nation, it raises concern if that competitiveness stems only from low wages, Shapira cautioned.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 48 percent of manufacturers identified concerns with human resources, up significantly from the 2002 study.  While earlier surveys found concern about availability of skilled workers, more than a quarter of the 2005 respondents had problems finding workers with basic skills - up from just 11 percent in 2002.  Despite the concern, however, 20 percent of the respondents made no investment in worker training.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Nearly 40 percent of manufacturers reported lean manufacturing concerns, an increase from 2002 statistics.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Nearly one in five companies reported concerns about energy costs and conservation - even prior to the recent storm-related energy cost increases. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe survey was sent to approximately 4,000 Georgia manufacturers that had 10 or more employees.  Completed surveys from 648 manufacturers were weighted to reflect employment and industry distributions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Manufacturing Survey is conducted periodically to assess the condition of Georgia\u0027s manufacturing industry.  In addition to the authors already named, Georgia Tech School of Public Policy graduate students John Slanina, Jue Wang and Jingjang Zhang provided research assistance in the 2005 study.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe project was supported by the U.S. Department of Commerce\u0027s NIST Manufacturing Extension Partnership, the U.S. Economic Development Administration, the Center for Paper and Business and Industry Studies at Georgia Tech, the Georgia Department of Labor, and the QuickStart Program of the Georgia Department of Technical and Adult Education.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jan Youtie (404-894-6111); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jan.youtie@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejan.youtie@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Phil Shapira (404-894-7735); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:ps25@prism.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eps25@prism.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"The 2005 Georgia Manufacturing Survey shows how companies can compete; reports effects of outsourcing"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A new study of nearly 650 Georgia manufacturing companies underscores the importance of innovation as a competitive strategy - at a time when international outsourcing continues to impact Georgia\u0027s manufacturing community.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"A new study shows the importance of innovation"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-11-14 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-14T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-14T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73748":{"id":"73748","type":"image","title":"Chart showing outsourcing","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73749":{"id":"73749","type":"image","title":"Chart of average return","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73748","73749"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.spp.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Public Policy"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.edtv.gatech.edu\/","title":"Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.cherry.gatech.edu\/survey\/","title":"Full Text of 2005 Georgia Manufacturing Survey"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73673":{"#nid":"73673","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Better Body Armor Expected from Improved Process","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA Georgia Institute of Technology researcher has developed a process that increases the hardness and improves the ballistic performance of the material used by the U.S. military for body armor. The researcher\u0027s start-up company is commercializing the technology.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBoron carbide is the Defense Department\u0027s material of choice for body armor. It is the third hardest material on earth, yet it\u0027s extremely lightweight. But it has an Achilles heel that piqued the interest of Georgia Tech Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Robert Speyer five years ago.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe knew that the boron carbide powder used to form the armor had a reputation for poor performance during sintering -- a high-temperature process in which particles consolidate, without melting, to eliminate pores between them in the solid state. Poor sintering yields a more porous material that fractures more easily - not a good thing for a soldier depending on it to stop a bullet. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDetermined to understand the sintering problem, Speyer built an instrument called a differential dilatometer to measure the expansion and contraction of materials during sintering heat treatments to temperatures as high as 4,300 degrees Fahrenheit.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022As a particle compact sinters, it shrinks 12 to 15 percent,\u0022 Speyer explained. \u0022There are nuances that occur in contraction, and if you monitor them accurately (with a dilatometer), it tells you what is happening at different stages in the sintering process. So we used that information in conjunction with additional materials characterization techniques to figure out the reasons why boron carbide didn\u0027t sinter well, and then found ways around them.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrom these findings, Speyer and his research team have created a new boron carbide formation process based on methodical control of thermal and atmospheric conditions during sintering. The method yields higher relative densities - and thus better ballistic performance - than currently available boron carbide armor. (Relative density is a percentage that indicates how close a material is to its theoretical density, which implies having no pores.) \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research has been reported in the \u003Cem\u003EJournal of Materials Research\u003C\/em\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe current commercial process, called hot pressing, squeezes boron carbide powders together between large dies, while heating to elevated temperatures. It yields armor materials with a 98.1 percent relative density.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESpeyer\u0027s pressureless sintering method yields a 98.4 percent relative density and hardness greater than hot pressing. But it can be done faster and at a lower cost than hot pressing.  For the most demanding applications, post-sintering hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is used. It increases the relative density of the part to 100 percent through the hydrostatic squeezing action of a high-temperature, high-pressure gas. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Our material made using HIP is remarkably harder than the current ceramic armor used in the Iraq and Afghanistan theaters,\u0022 Speyer said. \u0022Plus, because we\u0027re not using uni-axial hot pressing, we can make complicated, curved shapes for use in form-fitting body armor and other applications. Hot pressing allows for some curvature so long as the parts can stack together, but there\u0027s no chance of making parts like a single-piece helmet.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo make such products, Speyer has formed a company called Verco Materials under the advisory support of Georgia Tech\u0027s VentureLab, which helps faculty members commercialize their research. Ceramics expert Beth Judson is the company\u0027s general manager, and Jon Goldman is the VentureLab commercialization catalyst helping Verco get started. A Georgia Tech patent on Speyer\u0027s sintering process for boron carbide is pending, and when granted, Verco will have access to an exclusive license, Judson said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe company has received two technology commercialization grants - totaling $100,000 -- from the Georgia Research Alliance to fabricate prototypes for potential military and industrial customers. The Georgia Tech Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Institute assisted with fabrication of model armor shapes. Also, VentureLab continues to analyze the company\u0027s potential markets.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond body armor, potential military applications include aircraft\/rotorcraft protective components. Civilian markets include industries \u0022that can exploit the phenomenal abrasion resistance of theoretically dense boron carbide,\u0022 Speyer said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProducts manufactured by these industries include bearings, blast nozzles, cutting and mining tools, and pump and turbine shafts. The military market is growing rapidly with more than a half billion dollars worth of ceramic armor orders pending in this fiscal year, Goldman noted. That market is expected to double by 2009, according to a recent report in the publication \u003Cem\u003ECeramic Industry\u003C\/em\u003E. Bearings are a $27 million market with 5.7 percent annual growth expected through 2007.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMilitary applications - body armor, in particular - would be Verco\u0027s first target market, and its potential is promising, Speyer noted. The U.S. Army Soldier Systems Center in Natick, Mass., has conducted ballistic testing on a small boron carbide disk provided by Verco. Detailed results are classified, but the Army says they are encouraging. With a $75,000 grant from the center, Verco will produce 6- by 6-inch plates for more comprehensive military ballistic testing within the next few months.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEarly next year, the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) at the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland will be examining boron carbide materials (including complex shapes) they purchased from Verco. ARL is interested in Verco\u0027s potential ability to form complex shapes cost effectively.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMeanwhile, Verco expects to make thigh and shin plate prototypes in early 2006 for a Johnstown, Penn., company called Concurrent Technologies Corporation (CTC). The plates will be evaluated for use in CTC\u0027s Ballistic Gauntlet, a new lower-body armor product for use in military and commercial vehicles in war zones to protect against the pervasive threat of improvised explosive devices. It was the idea of CTC engineer Scott Burk, who recently served in the Persian Gulf for 21 months. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe company\u0027s current design calls for the Ballistic Gauntlet\u0027s thigh and shin plates to be made from titanium, but its cost has risen recently, and it\u0027s hard to form and heavier than boron carbide, Judson and Goldman said. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn one other effort, Verco and the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) are collaborating. GTRI has developed a composite armor \u0022blast bucket\u0022 for the ULTRA AP, a concept vehicle designed to illustrate potential technology options for improving survivability and mobility in future military combat vehicles. Verco and GTRI hope to modify the \u0022blast bucket\u0022 by replacing heavier ceramic spheres with lightweight boron carbide spheres in the composite structure to make it attractive for use in new helicopters, as well as in retrofitting current rotorcraft, Judson said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf Verco gets initial defense-related contracts from the customers it is courting, the company would need a tremendous productive capacity - enough to make thousands of parts a week, Judson and Goldman said. Plans call for a highly automated manufacturing facility in Georgia that would initially hire a significant number of engineering and manufacturing employees.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"New material formation process improves ballistic performance of boron carbide material"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A Georgia Tech researcher has developed a process that increases the hardness and improves the ballistic performance of the material used by the U.S. military for body armor. The researcher\u0027s start-up company is commercializing the technology.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New process improves body armor material"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-06 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-06T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-06T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73674":{"id":"73674","type":"image","title":"Robert Speyer in lab","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73675":{"id":"73675","type":"image","title":"Robert Speyer in lab","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73676":{"id":"73676","type":"image","title":"Boron carbide helmet","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73674","73675","73676"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.venturelab.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech VentureLab"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/rpmi.marc.gatech.edu\/","title":"Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Institute"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gra.org\/homepage.asp","title":"Georgia Research Alliance"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/news-room\/release.php?id=640","title":"Ultra AP Vehicle"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73790":{"#nid":"73790","#data":{"type":"news","title":"WiMax Technology Extends Learning Opportunities","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn U.S. cities and suburbs, high-speed wireless Internet connections are becoming more commonplace, making \u0022anytime, anywhere learning\u0022 for students a more viable concept. But that kind of access and the opportunities it provides are not yet available in most rural areas.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHowever, a solution is in sight, and two recent demonstrations at educational technology conferences in Missoula, Mont., whet the appetite of educators and information specialists who want to use it to level the playing field for students. Atop a remote mountain near Missoula, engineers at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) awed conference attendees with the video streaming, Web surfing and email capabilities of new wireless technology standards called 802.16 or WiMax (an acronym for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWiMax is a set of standards for delivering point-to-point, as well as point-to-multi-point wireless broadband connectivity. Point-to-point transmission is a direct transmission from a tower to a central-office-type location up to 30 miles away. At the central office location, point-to-multi-point connectivity extends up to five miles from the central office.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022WiMax is important because it\u0027s potentially the most cost-effective approach for broadband data service in rural areas,\u0022 says Jeff Evans, a GTRI senior research engineer who led the demo team. In rural areas, the cost to lay fiber for wired broadband service is about $200,000 or more per mile, an investment that communications companies typically don\u0027t want to make because they cannot recoup their money within several years.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022But with WiMax, an Internet service provider that wants to reach a small community up to 30 miles away can set up a wireless link for thousands of dollars rather than hundreds of thousands,\u0022 Evans notes. \u0022You can quickly provide a long-haul link of 70 megabits per second and then deploy a local WiMax radio to provide up to several megabits per second to each home in the area -- giving you DSL speeds at a reasonable cost.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESuch access may soon be available in Georgia and elsewhere. WiMax-capable equipment for fixed-location connections is expected to be readily available on the market by the end of this year. Meanwhile, a new mobile WiMax standard, or 802.16e, is expected in late 2006 with compatible equipment available in 2007.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAround the nation, wireless technology companies and researchers have been demonstrating the capabilities of the new standards. The Georgia Department of Education\u0027s Mike Hall, deputy superintendent of information technology, involved GTRI researchers in the Montana demo through GTRI\u0027s Foundations for the Future (F3) technology assistance program for K-12 Georgia schools. Intel sponsored the conferences and invited Evans and his colleagues to design and implement the network demos.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The people who saw the demo were amazed,\u0022 says Terry Smithson, Intel\u0027s K-12 marketing manager. \u0022They had to ride horses for two and a half hours to get to the top of the mountain. Then we presented a live videoconference with GTRI researchers, and later let the participants surf the Internet, see streaming video and check email on laptops.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHall hailed the success of the demo in overcoming the speed, performance, distance and security issues that hamper current wireless technology. Though WiMax won\u0027t necessarily be a solution inside the walls of Georgia schools - many of which are already hard-wired for broadband Internet access - the technology could make it possible for students to learn in all kinds of places. He hopes Georgia can lead the nation in implementing this goal.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We envision access for all students from bus stops, playgrounds, parks and, more importantly, all homes,\u0022 Hall says. \u0022If I live in a small, south Georgia community right now, high-speed access is a major problem. Technology is a great equalizer. With equipment and access, the world can come into any home.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI, GDOE, Intel and TSI, an Atlanta-based technology integration company, are making plans for continued interaction to bring WiMax technology to Georgia\u0027s students and others. TSI owner John David Pickering says: \u0022Now we have a good consortium of industry like Intel, business people like myself and researchers at GTRI that will allow companies and educators to see and use the latest, greatest technology. It will take all of us to deliver it.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Kirk Englehardt (404-385-0280); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jeff Evans at 404-894-8245 or (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jeff.evans@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejeff.evans@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Mike Hall at 404-657-0810 or (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:mhall@doe.k12.ga.us\u0022\u003Emhall@doe.k12.ga.us\u003C\/a\u003E); Terry Smithson at 916-356-0416 or (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:terry.smithson@intel.com\u0022\u003Eterry.smithson@intel.com\u003C\/a\u003E) or John David Pickering at 404-886-5339 or (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:pick@tsillc.us\u0022\u003Epick@tsillc.us\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"New high-speed wireless technology shows potential for education in rural areas"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"New technology known as WiMax is helping level the playing field for students in rural areas, allowing the potential for high-speed wireless Internet connections that would make possible \u0022anytime, anywhere learning.\u0022","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New technology could boost learning in rural areas"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-04 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-04T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-04T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73791":{"id":"73791","type":"image","title":"Setting up wireless access","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73792":{"id":"73792","type":"image","title":"Setting up wireless access","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73791","73792"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.f3program.org\/","title":"Foundations for the Future"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.doe.k12.ga.us\/index.asp","title":"Georgia Department of Education"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73669":{"#nid":"73669","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Researchers Take Key Step Toward Quantum Memory","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA series of publications in the journal \u003Cem\u003ENature\u003C\/em\u003E highlights the race among competing research groups toward the long-anticipated goal of quantum networking.\t\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn one of three papers published the journal\u0027s December 8 issue, a group of physicists from the Georgia Institute of Technology led by Professors Alex Kuzmich and Brian Kennedy describe the storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories composed of rubidium atoms.  The work represents a significant step toward quantum communication and computation networks that would store and process information using both photons and atoms.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut the researchers caution that even with their rudimentary network operation, practical applications for quantum networking remain a long way off.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The controlled transfer of single quanta between remote quantum memories is an important step toward distributed quantum networks,\u0022 said Alex Kuzmich, the Cullen-Peck Assistant Professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Physics.  \u0022But this is still a building block.  It will take a lot of steps and several more years for this to happen in a practical way.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESlightly more than a year ago in a paper published in the journal \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E, Kuzmich and collaborator Dzmitry Matsukevich described transferring atomic state information from two different clouds of rubidium atoms onto a single photon.  That work was the first time that quantum information had been transferred from matter to light.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the new paper in \u003Cem\u003ENature\u003C\/em\u003E, Kuzmich, Kennedy and collaborators Thierry Chaneliere, Dzmitry Matsukevich, Stewart Jenkins, Shau-Yu Lan carry the earlier operation one step farther by storing and retrieving single photons from clouds of ultra-cold rubidium atoms - demonstrating the storage of light-based information in matter.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrom an applications perspective, the storage and retrieval of a qubit state in an atomic quantum memory node is an important step towards a \u0022quantum repeater.\u0022  Such a device would be necessary for transmitting quantum information long distances through optical fibers.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExisting telecommunications networks use classical light to transmit information through optical fibers.  To carry information long distances, such signals must be periodically boosted by repeater stations that cannot be used for quantum networking.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech researchers began their experiment by exciting a cloud of rubidium atoms stored in a magneto-optical trap at temperatures approaching absolute zero.  The excitation can generate a photon - but only infrequently, perhaps once every five seconds.  Because it is in resonance with the atoms from which it was created, the photon carries specific quantum information about the excitation state of the atoms.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe photon was sent down approximately 100 meters of optical fiber to a second very cold cloud of trapped rubidium atoms.  The researchers controlled the velocity of the photon in the second cloud by an intense control laser beam. Once the photon was inside the cloud, the control beam was switched off, allowing the photon to come to a halt inside the dense ensemble of atoms.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The information from the photon is stored in the state of excitation of many atoms of the second ensemble,\u0022 explained Jenkins, a graduate student who specializes in quantum optics theory.  \u0022Each atom in the ensemble is slightly flipped, so the atomic ensemble is sharing this information - which is really information about spin.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter allowing the photon to be stored in the atomic cloud for time periods that exceeded 10 microseconds, the control beam was turned back on, allowing the photon to re-emerge from the atomic cloud.  The researchers then compared the quantum information carried on the photon to verify that it matched the information carried into the cloud.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When the single photon is generated, the first atomic ensemble is in an excited state,\u0022 explained Chaneliere, a postdoctoral fellow in the Kuzmich lab.  \u0022When we read the information from the second ensemble and find a coincidence between its excitation and the excitation of the first ensemble, we have demonstrated storage of the photon.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo confirm the single photon character of the storage, the researchers used anti-correlation measurements involving three single photon detectors.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStorage of the photon for even a brief period of time within the atomic ensemble depends on careful control of potentially-interfering magnetic fields.  And it works only because the rubidium atoms are so cold that their motion is limited.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Quantum information is very fragile,\u0022 said Chaneliere.  \u0022If you have a magnetic field, the atoms spin out of phase, and you can lose the information.  For the moment, that is certainly a limitation on the use of this for quantum networking.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor the future, the team hopes to add additional nodes to their rudimentary quantum network and encode useful information onto their photons.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThey must also increase the probability of creating single photons from the first atomic cloud.  While gathering data, the researchers excited the first cloud of atoms approximately 200 times a second.  A single photon was created about once every five seconds, reported Matsukevich, a graduate student in the Kuzmich lab. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHighlighting the speed at which progress is being made toward quantum networking, Kuzmich, Kennedy and their team have more recently demonstrated entanglement between two atomic qubits separated by a distance of 5.5 meters.   The work is described in a paper submitted to the journal \u003Cem\u003EPhysical Review Letters\u003C\/em\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This entanglement would be important to a number of applications, including quantum cryptography,\u0022 said Kuzmich.  \u0022We have generated entanglement of atomic qubits.  We also showed that we can take this entanglement and map it from atoms to photons.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch by Kuzmich, Kennedy  and their colleagues has been supported by NASA, the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program, National Science Foundation, Research Corporation, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and Cullen-Peck Chair.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Alex Kuzmich (404-385-4507); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:alex.kuzmich@physics.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ealex.kuzmich@physics.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Brian Kennedy (404-894-5221) ; (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:brian.kennedy@physics.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ebrian.kennedy@physics.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Storage and retrieval of single photon demonstrates rudimentary quantum network"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"A group of physicists from the Georgia Institute of Technology has reported a significant step toward quantum communication and computation networks that would store and process information using both photons and atoms.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Rudimentary quantum network stores single photon"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-07 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-07T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-07T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73670":{"id":"73670","type":"image","title":"Researchers in lab","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73671":{"id":"73671","type":"image","title":"Researchers in optics lab","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73672":{"id":"73672","type":"image","title":"Diagram of experiment","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73670","73671","73672"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/qoptics\/","title":"Alex Kuzmich research group"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Physics"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73788":{"#nid":"73788","#data":{"type":"news","title":"U.S. Air Force Awards $750,000 to VentureLab Firm","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EVirtual AeroSurface Technologies (VAST), a company assisted by Georgia Tech\u0027s VentureLab program, has received a Small Business Technology Transfer contract from the U.S. Air Force for $750,000. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Air Force contract brings total funding for VAST to $920,000, including other contracts from the Air Force and the Army.  The flow-control-technology company, a member of Georgia Tech\u0027s VentureLab for the past two years, is the 10th company to be formed and win financing while in VentureLab.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022VAST is commercializing technologies coming out of Prof. Ari Glezer\u0027s flow-control work at School of Mechanical Engineering,\u0022 said Tom Crittenden, VAST\u0027s vice president of research and development and a part-time member of the research faculty in mechanical engineering.  \u0022We believe these technologies are going to have several important real-world applications.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAmong those potential uses are:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Allowing military and civilian aircraft to fly without wing flaps, thereby greatly decreasing weight and making planes more efficient, maneuverable and reliable;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Enabling helicopters to fly faster and more efficiently by using flow control techniques to lessen fuselage drag;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Steering military munitions in flight, making such projectiles more accurate and efficient;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Altering air flow over tractor-trailer trucks, thereby saving 10 to 15 percent in fuel consumption at highway speeds;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Regulating the speed of wind turbines, thus protecting them from the disrupting effects of wind variations.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022VAST is working on technologies that could have a revolutionary effect on future aviation, among other things,\u0022 said Stephen Fleming, Georgia Tech\u0027s chief commercialization officer.  \u0022The fact that they\u0027ve gotten major phase-two Air Force funding is very satisfying for Commercialization Services - it\u0027s a big part of what we do here.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFlow-control technology involves the use of tiny jets embedded in a smooth surface such as an airplane wing or a projectile.  The jets are of two types: those that use an electronically driven piezoceramic element to blow out minute puffs of air, and those that use \u0022combustion actuators\u0022 - small explosive charges - to create tiny but powerful jets that can reach supersonic speeds.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECrittenden explained that combustion-actuator technology is best suited to objects that move faster than Mach 0.25, or about 190 miles per hour, such as aircraft wings and munitions. Piezoceramic element technology is better suited to objects moving at speeds below that point. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECrittenden believes the first application of VAST technology could involve flap-less flight control in full-scale unmanned aerial combat vehicles such as the experimental Boeing UCAV.  He envisions applying such flight-control technology to other military aircraft eventually and even to passenger planes someday. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Ultimately, we\u0027d like to become a permanent partner with a large airframe company once the technology is developed enough,\u0022 he said.  \u0022We\u0027ve done a couple of projects with Boeing. ... Hopefully we\u0027ll be able to show them that this is something they should be looking at for their next generation of planes and UAVs.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVAST originally received a Phase 1 Small Business Technology Transfer contract of about $100,000 from the Air Force for proof-of-concept work. The current second-phase contract of $750,000 is to be spent over two years.  VAST also previously received a Phase I Small Business Innovation Research contract from the U.S. Army for $70,000.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022VentureLab helped VAST by giving us access to business knowledge and expertise which we lacked,\u0022 Crittenden said.  \u0022VentureLab helped us assess the markets where the technology could be useful and expand in directions we hadn\u0027t previously considered.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech\u0027s Commercialization Services, a division of the Office of Economic Development and Technology Ventures, helps identify Georgia Tech discoveries with potential commercial value.  When it finds a promising technology, Commercialization Services either helps negotiate technology-licensing agreements with existing companies, or its VentureLab unit assists fledgling companies through the critical feasibility and first-funding phases.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Rick Robinson (404-385-2562); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:rick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Erick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Rick Robinson \n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Virtual AeroSurface Technologies is commercializing Georgia Tech innovation"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Virtual AeroSurface Technologies (VAST), a company assisted by Georgia Tech\u0027s VentureLab program, has received a Small Business Technology Transfer contract from the U.S. Air Force for $750,000.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"A VentureLab company has received $750,000"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-07 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-07T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-07T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73789":{"id":"73789","type":"image","title":"U.S. Air Force C-17","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73789"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.me.gatech.edu\/me\/people\/academic.faculty\/Glezer_Ari.html","title":"Professor Ari Glezer"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.venturelab.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech VentureLab"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73663":{"#nid":"73663","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Nanoengineered Silicon-Germanium Improves Chips","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech scientists and engineers are pursuing the dictum that \u0022smaller is better\u0022 to develop a new breed of highly-integrated silicon-based microchips capable of operating in ultra-sophisticated radar systems - and in new generations of NASA spacecraft.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETheir research is focused on silicon-germanium (SiGe) integrated circuit technology, which can provide cost savings, compact size and improved efficiency in the same way that advances in silicon technology have made consumer electronics smaller and less expensive.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis research is supported by the U.S. Department of Defense and is known as the \u0022Silicon-Germanium Transmit-Receive Module Project.\u0022 A joint effort between the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) and faculty within the Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC) at Georgia Tech, its objective is to develop silicon-germanium technology for next-generation phased-array radar systems.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The GTRI folks have a strong background in radar systems, while we have the silicon-germanium (Si-Ge) device and circuit expertise,\u0022 said John D. Cressler, Byers professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and a GEDC researcher. \u0022We\u0027ve teamed up to work on a new approach that literally has the capability to revolutionize the way radar systems are built, and this new GTRI-GEDC synergy is very exciting.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPhased-array radar systems under development by the Department of Defense, such as the Theater High-Altitude Area Defense Radar, are large, bulky and consume huge amounts of energy to power thousands of modules and thousands of gallium arsenide chips to electronically direct the radar beams.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re trying to put all the functionality of those complex modules onto a single chip, essentially reaching for the same level of functional integration in radar systems that has been going on in consumer electronics for the past decade,\u0022 explained co-principal investigator Mark Mitchell, a GTRI senior research engineer.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESilicon-germanium chips may hold the answer, according to researchers, because of their capacity to hold an extraordinary number of very high-speed circuits on a single chip. In addition, silicon-germanium is a less expensive material than the compound semiconductors such as gallium arsenide or indium phosphide that have long been used in radar systems.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In SiGe, you take a conventional silicon integrated circuit and use nanotechnology techniques to introduce germanium inside the silicon on an atomic scale,\u0022 explained Cressler.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese nanoscale silicon-germanium layers can double or even triple chip performance, according to Cressler. The procedure is \u0022completely compatible with conventional silicon chip manufacturing, so there\u0027s no cost penalty for the improved performance,\u0022 he noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe main benefit, adds Mitchell, is cost. Phased-array radar systems, as presently constituted, are quite expensive. More affordable systems could also open up new applications for communications, aircraft weather radar and mobile uses such as collision-avoidance radar devices for automobiles, he notes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESilicon-germanium is not without drawbacks for radar systems, however.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The biggest limitation for the radar application is the amount of power that you can generate,\u0022 said Mitchell. Silicon-germanium amplifiers can only produce about one watt of radio frequency (RF) power, versus 10 watts from a typical gallium arsenide device.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022While that\u0027s not adequate for some applications, it could be perfect for radar,\u0022 said Mitchell, citing a GTRI study conducted for the Missile Defense Agency several years ago.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They told us to ignore current technology and focus on the system parameters to determine how much power per element we\u0027d want to get,\u0022 he explained. \u0022Our conclusion was roughly one watt per element. So the fact that silicon-germanium has the potential of delivering that makes it a perfect match for this particular application.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in cases where the lower power-handling capability of silicon-germanium might necessitate a design change, such as adding more antenna elements to generate the same output, \u0022we\u0027re potentially saving so much money that we can make tradeoffs in the design that get around those limitations,\u0022 he added. \u0022If our elements are two or three orders of magnitude cheaper, and we only need twice as many, we still come out way ahead in terms of cost.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother consideration that may be more of a design challenge than a drawback is that SiGe-based radar\u0027s lower per-element power equates to a larger antenna for greater sensitivity - perhaps tens of meters in size, depending on the application.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI researchers such as senior research engineer Tracy Wallace are exploring ways to make these larger systems \u0022tactically transportable.\u0022  The work is being supported by the U.S. Missile Defense Agency.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They can be much thinner and they can be folded up onto themselves,\u0022 Wallace explained. \u0022We have sketches, models and drawings of how that can be done.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDepending on the radar\u0027s destination, or if the fabrication cost of folding the radar is too high, the antenna and its supporting systems may simply be fashioned in a manner that facilitates final assembly on site, says Wallace, noting that some types of radar are already constructed that way. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDesigners are also investigating ways to measure and compensate for deformities caused by the effect of gravity on a large aperture. One aspect of that is knowing the exact locations of all radiating elements to within a fraction of a wavelength, according to Wallace. One approach favored by Wallace and his team involves photogrammetry, which provides information about physical objects by interpreting patterns of electromagnetic radiant energy and multiple digital photographs taken from different locations.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother consideration arising from larger antenna arrays is the increased amount of data they collect, \u0022so more computer resources are needed,\u0022 Wallace said. \u0022But as technology advances, that comes pretty cheap.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn another major government contract, GEDC researchers are developing silicon-germanium technology for electronic systems for NASA to use in lunar and Martian exploration, and interplanetary space probes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBesides the advantages of low cost, high integration capability and high speed, SiGe chips are ideally suited for space because of the material\u0027s natural radiation hardness, a key concern for all space electronics, Cressler says.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOf particular interest to NASA is that silicon-germanium circuits also perform well in space\u0027s cryogenic temperatures - close to absolute zero, according to Cressler. Most electronic components do not work well in a very cool environment such as space. At present, spacecraft, probes and planetary rovers must be fitted with electronic \u0022warm boxes,\u0022 which add significant bulk, weight and cost to missions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If you want your electronics to operate in the shadows of craters on the lunar landscape, for example, you\u0027re talking about an extremely frigid environment - minus 230 degrees Celsius or 43 Kelvins above absolute zero,\u0022 Cressler noted. \u0022Silicon-germanium electronics can operate at temperatures approaching absolute zero, and thus are ideally suited for such applications. It would be a huge advantage from a space-mission perspective to be able to simply let your electronics operate at those cold temperatures, and thus NASA is very interested in our SiGe research.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first silicon-germanium transistors were demonstrated in the late 1980s, but only in the past five years or so has the field attracted widespread attention from the private sector, Cressler says.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith more than 20 scientists and graduate students involved in silicon-germanium research, Cressler\u0027s GEDC group is the largest university team in the world devoted to device and circuit research in SiGe. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Anybody involved in high-speed communications circuits cares about SiGe,\u0022 he said. \u0022This new technology is an enabler for rethinking the way business-as-usual is done across a wide array of electronics applications, and that makes it really exciting to work on - and of course it is very nice that Georgia Tech is leading the way.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Kirk Englehardt, Georgia Tech Research Institute (404-385-0280); (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Rick Robinson, Georgia Electronic Design Center (404-385-2562); (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:rick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Erick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Cressler (404-894-5161); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.cressler@ece.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.cressler@ece.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Mark Mitchell (770-528-7158); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:mark.mitchell@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emark.mitchell@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Tracy Wallace (770-528-7570); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:tracy.wallace@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Etracy.wallace@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Gary Goettling\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Material may open up new applications ranging from radar to space exploration"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech scientists and engineers are pursuing the dictum that \u0022smaller is better\u0022 to develop a new breed of highly-integrated silicon-based microchips capable of operating in ultra-sophisticated radar systems - and in new generations of NASA spacecraft.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Silicon germanium chips are finding new uses"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-10 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-10T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-10T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73664":{"id":"73664","type":"image","title":"Cressler with SiGe Wafer","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73665":{"id":"73665","type":"image","title":"Silicon germanium wafer","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73666":{"id":"73666","type":"image","title":"Mark Mitchell with radar","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73664","73665","73666"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/seal\/amdefense\/index.html","title":"Air \u0026 Missile Defense Division, GTRI"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/faculty\/fac_profiles\/bio.php?id=123","title":"John Cressler"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gedcenter.org\/","title":"Georgia Electronic Design Center"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73783":{"#nid":"73783","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Fiji Seaweed Yields Potential New Pharmaceuticals","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers have discovered 10 new molecular structures with pharmaceutical potential in a species of red seaweed that lives in the shallow coral reef along the coastline of Fiji in the south Pacific Ocean.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome of these natural compounds showed the potential to kill cancer cells, bacteria and the HIV virus, according to research at the Georgia Institute of Technology. In fact, two of them exhibit anti-bacterial activity towards antibiotic-resistant \u003Cem\u003EStaphylococcus aureus \u003C\/em\u003E at concentrations worth pursuing, though researchers don\u0027t know yet whether the concentrations of the compounds required to kill the bacterium would be harmful to humans.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe compound that was isolated in the greatest abundance -- named bromophycolide A by the researchers -- killed human tumor cells by inducing programmed cell death (called apoptosis), a mechanism that is promising for development of new anti-cancer drugs, researchers noted.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe findings on three of these compounds - called diterpene-benzoate natural products -- are reported in the Oct. 12 online issue of the American Chemical Society journal \u003Cem\u003EOrganic Letters\u003C\/em\u003E. Information on the other compounds will be published later. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research, which is part of an environmental conservation, economic development and drug discovery project in Fiji, was primarily funded by the Fogarty International Center at the National Institutes of Health. Georgia Tech Professor of Biology Mark Hay leads the project, which also aims to benefit the Fijian government and villages, which own their local natural resources and will benefit monetarily if these natural resources become marketable drugs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re only at the test-tube level so far,\u0022 explained Julia Kubanek, a Georgia Tech assistant professor of biology, chemistry and biochemistry, who is the lead author on the paper. \u0022The next step is to discover how these compounds work and then to study them in a more complex model system.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe U.S. pharmaceutical company Bristol Myers Squibb is collaborating with Georgia Tech researchers to determine how some of these 10 compounds kill cancer cells. Meanwhile, Georgia Tech has filed a provisional patent to protect the discovery of these structures and small variations of them.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These molecular structures are curious in the way carbon atoms are attached,\u0022 Kubanek said. \u0022It\u0027s very unusual. They represent a new category of organic molecules. It\u0027s exciting as a biochemist to observe that living organisms have evolved the ability to synthesize such unique and exotic structures compared to other molecules typically produced by seaweeds.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe source of these new molecular structures is a red seaweed (\u003Cem\u003ECallophycus serratus\u003C\/em\u003E) collected from four Fijian sites. Among the sites, researchers found variations in the molecular structures produced by the species.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There are chemical differences among populations of this seaweed species, even though two of the sites where it was collected are only about 2 kilometers apart,\u0022 Kubanek noted. \u0022\u0085 This shows us there are small, but valuable differences within species, and this genetic biodiversity is important to protect as a resource for the future.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers have been analyzing extracts from about 200 marine plant and invertebrate animal samples they collected from the Fijian coral reef in June 2004 with the permission of the Fijian government and local resource owners.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Marine organisms make molecules for their own purposes that we might co-opt for our own use as pharmaceutical agents,\u0022 Kubanek explained. \u0022The organisms\u0027 purposes include defense against predators, the ability to fight diseases, and the production of chemical cues, such as those used for sex recognition.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHay, Kubanek, and their colleagues collected baseball-sized samples of reef species that exhibit unusual growth and\/or behavioral phenomena. Among their collection were soft corals, marine sponges, slugs, and green, red and brown seaweeds. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the lab, researchers extracted these organisms using mixtures of organic liquids, which opened up the cells and dissolved the natural products. The organic liquids were then removed from the extract by evaporation, and small quantities of each extract were tested against a battery of pharmaceutical drug targets, including malarial parasite, tuberculosis-causing bacteria, and several cancers.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETypically, these tests involve exposing live, disease-causing cells -- parasites, bacteria or cancer cells -- to an extract and then assessing cell death compared to cells that were not exposed to extracts. Georgia Tech scientists then prioritized further study of extracts that had strong effects on these disease-causing cells.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe \u003Cem\u003ECallophycus\u003C\/em\u003E red seaweed was one of the first five species that researchers investigated to identify the compounds within extracts that caused strong effects against disease-causing cells. Anne Prusak, a former Georgia Tech student and research technician, separated the new molecules from other components of the extract by a process called chromatography, which takes advantage of the different chemical characteristics of compounds. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFinally, researchers used X-ray crystallography (work done at Emory University in Atlanta), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectral analyses to determine how carbon, oxygen, bromine and hydrogen atoms connected to make up the molecular structures of the 10 new natural products. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMuch research is left to do before any of these compounds are used to formulate a drug available on the market, Kubanek said. It typically takes at least a decade from the discovery of a compound to the marketing of a new drug. If that does happen in this case, Fijian villagers and the Fijian government would benefit financially from the discovery because of an agreement that is already in place, she added. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBecause of the long timeframe in getting a drug to market, the project in Fiji provides other immediate conservation and economic development benefits to villagers and the government.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Mark Hay (404-894-8429); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:mark.hay@biology.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emark.hay@biology.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Julia Kubanek (404-894-8424); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:julia.kubanek@biology.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejulia.kubanek@biology.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Plants found on coral reef are source of new molecular structures"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers have discovered 10 new molecular structures with pharmaceutical potential in a species of red seaweed that lives in the shallow coral reef along the coastline of Fiji in the south Pacific Ocean.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Potential drug compounds isolated from seaweed"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-12 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73784":{"id":"73784","type":"image","title":"Red seaweed","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73785":{"id":"73785","type":"image","title":"Researcher Julia Kubanek","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73786":{"id":"73786","type":"image","title":"Fiji coastline","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73784","73785","73786"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.nih.gov\/","title":"National Institutes of Health"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.fic.nih.gov\/","title":"Fogarty International Center"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/professors\/kubanek.html","title":"Julia Kubanek"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/professors\/hay.html","title":"Mark Hay"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73651":{"#nid":"73651","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Improving Access for People with Disabilities","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhen the designers of photocopiers, ATMs, cell phones, televisions, printers, scanners and other equipment need help determining how well these devices can be used by people with disabilities, they can turn to the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI).\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI\u0027s Accessibility Evaluation Facility assesses a variety of products based on the requirements outlined in Section 508 of the federal Rehabilitation Act.  Beyond evaluation, however, the researchers can recommend improvements to the products based on the concept of universal design.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When we test products for accessibility, we conduct user testing and perform a checklist evaluation of the product based on technical standards for accessible design and sound human-factors design principles,\u0022 explained GTRI senior research scientist Brad Fain, who leads research in the facility. (Human factors design and engineering focuses on the interface between humans and machines.)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch participants, recruited from the local disability community, perform a series of tasks with the products being tested. Researchers monitor participants\u0027 performance on these tasks. The results of this user testing and the checklist evaluation provide researchers with objective data about product accessibility. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We can collect human performance data and provide it, along with our checklist evaluation results and design recommendations, to designers who can make changes in products to make them more accessible to people with disabilities, as well as everyone else,\u0022 Fain said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThat concept is called universal design, and it makes a product accessible to as many different types of users as possible. \u0022It is user-centered design,\u0022 Fain explained. \u0022The user is at the center instead of the technology.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne example of universal design is a cell phone created for the hard of hearing; it would also be useful to people talking on their phones in noisy environments. Another is a cell phone designed for the blind; it could be useful to people in situations where their visual attention is somewhere else, such as a person driving a car.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversal design concepts, as well as federal standards, guide Fain and his colleagues as they evaluate products. They have examined items such as photocopiers, ATMs, cell phones, televisions, printers and scanners for customers, including Ricoh, Pitney-Bowes, the National Council on Disability, the Arthritis Foundation and the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), a division of the U.S. Department of Education.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The biggest problem we see is that designers often fail to consider that someone with a disability might use their product,\u0022 Fain said. Traditionally, industrial designers have not designed products with such users in mind, but that is changing because of Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, which requires that federal agencies purchasing electronic and information technology equipment consider accessibility in their purchasing decisions, he adds.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo assist designers and government officials with Section 508 compliance, researchers at GTRI and Georgia Tech\u0027s Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access (CATEA) created the Accessibility Assistant, an online evaluation tool available at accessibility.gtri.gatech.edu\/assistant. The work was done under a NIDRR grant to CATEA to provide technical assistance under the umbrella of Georgia Tech\u0027s Information Technology Technical Assistance and Training Center.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Accessibility Assistant includes a comprehensive database of more than 400 accessibility guidelines that direct rigorous accessibility testing for various types of products. From this database, researchers customize a relevant checklist of guidelines for each product type. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince new Section 508 standards became effective in 2001, more companies are producing equipment that they intend to be accessible to people with disabilities, Fain notes. GTRI researchers can provide objective evaluations - as well as suggestions for improvement -- of these products for companies that seek that review.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFain and his colleagues also conduct evaluations for the Arthritis Foundation to determine a product\u0027s ease of use for arthritis patients, who have upper and lower mobility issues, including difficulty grasping and lifting, as well as reduced sensation. GTRI is the sole independent laboratory authorized to test products for the Arthritis Foundation Ease of Use program. If a product passes testing and its manufacturer chooses to participate in the program, the company can use the Arthritis Foundation logo in its advertisements.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers evaluate products based on an arthritis-specific set of accessibility guidelines, as well as user testing by people with the disease. Products evaluated to date include a garden sprayer, household cleaning tools, coffee packaging, self-injection and home medical care monitoring kits, gloves, pill bottles, juice containers, golf clubs and even beds.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMary Simpkins, 60, suffers with arthritis and wants to help others cope with the disease. She is a frequent product tester for GTRI\u0027s work for the Arthritis Foundation. Among the products she\u0027s tested were several different types of bottle tops. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Usually, it\u0027s the shape of the bottle top that we\u0027re testing,\u0022 she explained. \u0022In one case, one shape was identical to another, but one of the two tops was easier to open because the plastic it was made of had a little different, softer feel to it. It was very astute of the company to experiment with different materials.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe details that researchers get from testers like Simpkins help GTRI do more than just evaluate products. \u0022Anybody can evaluate a product,\u0022 Fain said. \u0022But we focus on collecting objective data and working directly with the designers of these products on how to improve them. We explain in detail how to solve the product accessibility problems that affect people with arthritis.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJames Johnson, who lost substantial function in all four limbs due to a diving accident, also offers his perspective on technology accessibility as an evaluator of office machines and electronics being tested at GTRI.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It was an opportunity to provide my input,\u0022 explained Johnson, a sales and marketing manager in the outpatient pharmacy at Atlanta\u0027s Shepherd Center, a rehabilitation hospital. \u0022I\u0027ve come across some obstacles and had some ideas for solutions. So this was an opportunity to offer my ideas. I don\u0027t know if the designers followed through with my suggestions, but I\u0027ve got a voice in the process.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Assistance\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Kirk Englehardt (404-385-0280); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Brad Fain (404-894-7261); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:brad.fain@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ebrad.fain@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Researchers evaluate products\u0027 usability and recommend improvements"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"When the designers of photocopiers, ATMs, cell phones, televisions, printers, scanners and other equipment need help determining how well these devices can be used by people with disabilities, they can turn to the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI).","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Researchers help improve access for disabled"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-19 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-19T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-19T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73652":{"id":"73652","type":"image","title":"Analyzing photocopier access","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894388","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:48"},"73653":{"id":"73653","type":"image","title":"Analyzing photocopier access","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894388","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:48"}},"media_ids":["73652","73653"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"},{"url":"http:\/\/accessibility.gtri.gatech.edu\/assistant","title":"Accessibility Assistant"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"69365":{"#nid":"69365","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Participates in New Design Standards","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers from the Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC), Samsung Electro-Mechanics (SEM) and the Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute of South Korea (ETRI) recently participated in an international standards meeting on the emerging cognitive radio standard.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe GEDC-SEM-ETRI team presented a full proposal to the IEEE 802.22 Standards Committee, which met in Vancouver, British Columbia, during the second week of November.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIEEE 802.22, the new communication standard for wireless regional area networks (WRAN), uses cognitive radio as its main enabling technology.  Cognitive radio is a wireless technology that optimizes increasingly crowded spectrum resources by finding and utilizing unoccupied frequencies.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGEDC and SEM contributed the spectrum sensing segment of the team\u0027s proposal, which was presented by Kyutae Lim, GEDC\u0027s associate director of technology and a research engineer in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Spectrum sensing technology, considered by many to be the most critical component of cognitive radio technology, uses minimal power to enable rapid analysis of bandwidth usage conditions in a given area.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis technology, developed by GEDC and SEM engineers, is the first research result from Samsung RFIC Design Center at Georgia Tech, established in August 2005.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022As an academic research organization, we\u0027re very pleased to be contributing to the new IEEE 802.22 standards,\u0022 said Joy Laskar, director of Georgia Electronic Design Center and a professor with Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.  \u0022We believe our work with Samsung and ETRI will aid in forging a useful new communications standard.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESEM\u0027s vice president, Haksun Kim, said, \u0022Samsung Electro-Mechanics Company is gratified to be working with the Georgia Electronic Design Center on the new IEEE 802.22 communication standard.  We believe that cognitive radio will lead to important future business opportunities for our company.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EETRI contributed the overall framework of the proposed system, which is  based on Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology.  The framework concept consists of medium access control (MAC) and physical (PHY) layers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022ETRI is pleased to have made a significant contribution to the IEEE 802.22 standard proposal, teamed with Samsung and Georgia Tech,\u0022 said Chang-Joo Kim, director of ETRI\u0027s Radio Technology Department.  \u0022The work being done by our team and others will accelerate the development of cognitive radio technologies that will enable dynamic spectrum resource management.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout GEDC\u003C\/strong\u003E: The Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC) supports world-class research, active and solution-oriented industry collaboration, intellectual property generation and revenue generating commercialization efforts. Supported both by industry partners and federal laboratories, GEDC\u0027s research is broadly focused on fostering technology at the intersection of today\u0027s communications applications: wireless\/RF, wired\/copper and fiber channels. For more information, see (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gedcenter.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.gedcenter.org\u0022\u003Ewww.gedcenter.org\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout SEM\u003C\/strong\u003E: Samsung Electro-Mechanics was established in 1973 as a manufacturer of key electronic components, and the company has grown into one of the industry leaders, thanks to cutting-edge technology and top product quality. SEM pioneered the technological framework for A\/V components and materials, multi-layer circuit boards, and mobile communication and optical components. In the late 1990s, operations expanded into the production of digital products with applied high-frequency, software, engineering and design technologies. For more information, see (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.sem.samsung.co.kr\u0022 title=\u0022www.sem.samsung.co.kr\u0022\u003Ewww.sem.samsung.co.kr\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout ETRI\u003C\/strong\u003E: ETRI, established in 1976, is a non-profit research organization supported by the Korean government.  It has developed information technologies such as TDX-Exchange, high density semiconductor microchips, Mini-Super Computer (TiCOM), CDMA mobile telecommunication system, WiBro (Wireless Broadband), and terrestrial DMB. For more information, see (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.etri.re.kr\u0022 title=\u0022http:\/\/www.etri.re.kr\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.etri.re.kr\u003C\/a\u003E) \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Rick Robinson (404-385-2562); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:rick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Erick.robinson@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Kyutae Lim, Georgia Electronic Design Center (404-385-6008); (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:ktlim@ece.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ektlim@ece.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Rick Robinson\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Electronic Design Center and partners make proposal on cognitive radio standards"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers from the Georgia Electronic Design Center (GEDC), Samsung Electro-Mechanics (SEM) and the Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute of South Korea (ETRI) recently participated in an international standards meeting on the emerging cognitive radio standard.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Georgia Tech is helping set new radio standards"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-21 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-21T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-21T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"69366":{"id":"69366","type":"image","title":"Cognitive radio team","body":null,"created":"1449177252","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:14:12","changed":"1475894606","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:43:26"}},"media_ids":["69366"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gedcenter.org\/","title":"Georgia Electronic Design Center"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"4200","name":"cognitive"},{"id":"1187","name":"IEEE"},{"id":"1265","name":"radio"},{"id":"170894","name":"standards"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73779":{"#nid":"73779","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech to Train Hurricane Recovery Workers","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe U.S. Department of Labor\u0027s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has awarded a one-year, $400,000 training grant to the Georgia Tech Research Institute to help train workers involved in cleanup and rebuilding in Gulf Coast areas damaged by hurricanes Katrina and Rita.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is the fourth and the single largest Susan Harwood Training Grant awarded to the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) in the past three years.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe grant is funding GTRI researchers to develop and provide training materials and conduct training sessions addressing occupational and safety health hazards that may be encountered by disaster recovery workers, supervisors and employers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe training - expected to begin by mid-November -- will target those providing skilled support services (e.g., utility, demolition, debris removal and heavy equipment operation), site clean-up services, and recovery activities, including the rebuilding and reconstruction of the damaged areas.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027ll be going out there with mobile training units, coordinating our locations with OSHA and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),\u0022 said Dan Ortiz, chief of the Occupational Safety and Health Division in GTRI\u0027s Health and Environmental Systems Laboratory. \u0022Our approach in the disaster areas will have to be different than what we\u0027ve done before. For example, electricity may not be available in some areas, so we\u0027ll do demos and distribute one-page technical guides instead of giving PowerPoint presentations.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETen GTRI employees - including Art Wickman and Thomas Dean, who conducted training for workers cleaning up after the World Trade Center attack -- will form teams that rotate in and out of the disaster areas for the next six months. Senior research engineer Paul Schlumper will direct the project. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFirst, they will provide training in Mississippi, which is part of GTRI\u0027s territory for the OSHA-sponsored work and disaster site training it has done since 1978. Then teams will move into Louisiana and Texas and coordinate with their counterparts there, Ortiz explained.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Work zone safety and fall protection for people who are working on roofs is OSHA\u0027s top priority for us,\u0022 Ortiz noted.  \u0022\u0085. Our concern is that in the zeal to remove debris and restore buildings, workers and employers will take shortcuts. We want to have resources out there to make sure workers have the proper protective equipment and knowledge of environmental hazards.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETopics that GTRI training will cover include:  electrical and electrocution hazards, hand and power tool safety, biological hazards, chemical and respiratory hazards, confined space hazards, heat stress, ergonomic considerations, and hazardous materials and waste. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI experts hope to reach thousands of workers, some of whom will have language and literacy barriers, Ortiz said. Thus, they will provide training and written materials in Spanish and use symbols and other graphics to explain concepts.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We suspect that a high percentage of the workers will be people whose only language is Spanish,\u0022 Ortiz added. \u0022So we will have the assistance of a Spanish-speaking consultant. We\u0027ll adapt our materials as we need to do to meet the needs of these workers.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Kirk Englehardt (404-385-0280); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Paul Schlumper (404-385-1797); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:paul.schlumper@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Epaul.schlumper@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Dan Ortiz (404-894-8276); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:daniel.ortiz@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Edaniel.ortiz@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Tech Research Institute wins OSHA grant"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech will help train workers involved in cleanup and rebuilding activities in Gulf Coast areas damaged by hurricanes Katrina and Rita, thanks to a $400,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Labor\u0027s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Georgia Tech wins grant to train recovery workers"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-26 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-26T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-26T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73780":{"id":"73780","type":"image","title":"Roofing workers","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73780"],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73773":{"#nid":"73773","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Study Produces Road Map for Nanomanufacturing","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers have taken an important step toward high-volume production of new nanometer-scale structures with the first systematic study of growth conditions that affect production of one-dimensional nanostructures from the optoelectronic material cadmium selenide (CdSe).\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing the results from more than 150 different experiments in which temperature and pressure conditions were systematically varied, nanotechnology researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology created a \u0022road map\u0022 to guide future nanomanufacturing using the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) technique.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe results, reported this month in the journal \u003Cem\u003EAdvanced Materials \u003C\/em\u003E(Vol. 17, pp.1-6), join earlier Georgia Tech work that similarly mapped production conditions for nanostructures made from zinc oxide - an increasingly important nanotechnology material.  Together, the two studies provide a foundation for large-scale, controlled synthesis of nanostructures that could play important roles in future sensors, displays and other nanoelectronic devices.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the NASA Vehicle Systems Program, the Department of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR\u0026amp;E) and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022For the future of nanomanufacturing, we needed a systematic map to show the best conditions for producing these structures reproducibly with high yield,\u0022 explained Zhong Lin Wang, director of Georgia Tech\u0027s Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.  \u0022This information will be necessary for scaling up the production of these interesting structures for the applications that will be developed.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn work that required more than a year to complete, Wang and collaborator Christopher Ma collected information on more than 45 separate combinations of growth conditions governing the production of cadmium selenide nanostructures.  In their experimental set-up, powdered cadmium selenide was heated to hundred of degrees Celsius in a simple horizontal tube furnace under the flow of nitrogen gas, using gold as a catalyst.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe technique produced three different types of nanostructures: \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 \u0022Nanosaws\/nanocombs,\u0022 unusual structures that form with \u0022teeth\u0022 on one side and a smooth surface on the other;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 \u0022Nanobelts,\u0022 which are ribbon-like structures, and\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 \u0022Nanowires\u0022 that resemble grass and grow vertically from the substrate. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers varied the temperature at the cadmium selenide source, the temperature of the silicon substrate where the structures grew, and the gas pressure inside the furnace.  They repeated each experimental condition three times, each time determining where the structures grew on the substrate and counting the number of nanosaws\/nanocombs, nanobelts and nanowires in samples that were examined with electron microscopy.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These three different structures are all produced using the same general experimental conditions, but somehow you get different percentages of each,\u0022 Wang said.  \u0022Our goal was to determine how to control the conditions to learn how to get close to 100 percent yield of each structure.  This required a systematic study of the experimental conditions.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEach experiment required approximately two days to produce the structures and analyze the samples.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on their experimental work, Wang and Ma mapped the optimal conditions for producing each of the three structures - and learned more about the fabrication process.  For instance, they found that growth of the nanostructures is primarily controlled by the nitrogen gas pressure inside the chamber and the temperature of the substrate where the structures are deposited.  They also learned where each type of structure was likely to be deposited on the substrate under each set of conditions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECadmium selenide nanosaws and nanocombs are the most finicky to grow.  At the other end of the scale, nanowires can be produced from cadmium selenide at a broad range of temperature and pressure conditions.  Specifically, the researchers reported:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Lower temperatures at the source material (630 degrees C), higher pressures (600 millibars) and substrate temperatures of approximately 575 degrees C produce the highest percentage of nanosaws and nanocombs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Lower temperatures at the source material (700 degrees C), lower chamber pressures (4 millibars) and substrate temperatures of approximately 575 degrees C produce the highest percentage of nanobelts.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Growth of nanowires can be carried out at a broad range of temperatures and pressures, with higher source temperatures favoring the growth of nanowires over nanosaws.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If other groups want to produce these structures, they can use our plots to determine the pressures that will be required, the temperatures and the locations within the chamber where they will grow,\u0022 Wang said.  \u0022Until now, researchers have had to determine these parameters by trial and error.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECadmium selenide has been studied for applications in optoelectronics, luminescent materials, lasing materials and biomedical imaging.  It is perhaps best known as the basis for quantum dots that have applications in biomedical imaging.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EZinc oxide is a semiconducting, piezoelectric and optical material with potential applications in sensors, resonators and other nanoelectronic structures.  The systematic study of growth parameters for these structures involved more than 100 experiments and was published in the \u003Cem\u003EJournal of Physical Chemistry \u003C\/em\u003E(B, Vol. 109 (2005) 9869-9872).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Now that we have determined the optimal requirements for growth, it should be straightforward to scale up the production of these structures,\u0022 Wang concluded.  \u0022We have a lot of ideas for potential applications.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Zhong Lin Wang (404-894-8008); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:zhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ezhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Systematic study of cadmium selenide nanostructure growth guides future efforts"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers have taken an important step toward high-volume production of new nanometer-scale structures with the first systematic study of growth conditions that affect production of  nanostructures from the optoelectronic material cadmium selenide.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Study provides new step toward nanomanufacturing"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-27 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73774":{"id":"73774","type":"image","title":"Images of nanostructures","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73774"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.mse.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Materials Science and Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.nanoscience.gatech.edu\/zlwang\/","title":"Team Web site"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.nanoscience.gatech.edu\/zlwang\/wang.html","title":"Zhong Lin Wang"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"69360":{"#nid":"69360","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Researchers Take Step Toward Faster Communication","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EBy using electromagnetic waves instead of electrical current for switching, researchers have operated an optical modulator at terahertz frequencies - an accomplishment that could one day facilitate data transmission rates in the trillions of bits per second.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe work represents a key step toward a new generation of optical communication systems that would be as much as 100 times faster than current technology, bringing closer such applications as real-time telemedicine and movies on demand.  While operating their terahertz modulator, the research team observed an effect that is well known in atomic physics - but until now hadn\u0027t been seen in the semiconductor materials that make up optical modulators.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is just one piece, but potentially a very important piece, of a very high bit-rate optical communication system for telecommunications and other applications,\u0022 said David Citrin, an associate professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology.  \u0022The point of the experiment was to show that we can operate a modulator at terahertz frequencies, though we are still a long way from a practical device.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESupported by the National Science Foundation, the research was reported in the October 28, 2005 issue of the journal \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExisting telecommunication systems depend on modulators to encode data onto beams of light that then can be carried long distances by optical fibers.  Modulators work by rapidly changing their reflectivity, which varies the intensity of light beams passing through them.  These variations correspond to the ones and zeroes that are the language of digital communication.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EModulators are also used as switches to reroute data streams by alternately reflecting light or allowing it to pass.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut most current modulators have a drawback - they cannot operate faster than the electronic circuitry used to control them.  To boost data speeds, researchers have been seeking alternative control technologies.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Conventional optical modulators use a voltage change to alter the properties of a material which changes the reflectivity,\u0022 Citrin explained.  \u0022Electrically switched systems are just too slow to go much beyond where we are now.  But by using very high frequency electromagnetic energy to modulate the signal, the hope is that we can generate signals that have much higher data rates than what we can achieve with today\u0027s electrical circuits.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo gain those higher rates, Citrin and colleagues at the University of California, Santa Barbara and the NASA Ames Research Center used very high-frequency waves from a free-electron laser to control the modulator.  These electromagnetic waves consist of an oscillating electric field and have the advantage of being able to move through free space without the need for circuitry.   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In principal, you can modulate light much more quickly than you can switch electrical current,\u0022 said Citrin, a theoretician who has been working as part of the team for more than a decade.  \u0022Instead of connecting the modulator to an electrical circuit, we placed it into the beam of the free-electron laser, a unique research facility at the University of California Santa Barbara.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBecause terahertz oscillation is difficult to measure directly with existing technology, the researchers used indirect means to verify the modulation speed.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBefore this approach can lead to faster communication systems, the modulation must be optimized - and the remainder of the system advanced to terahertz speeds.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor example, researchers will have to develop inexpensive and convenient sources of the electromagnetic energy they use for switching.  Another challenge will be to optimize the bit depth - the difference in light intensity that represents ones and zeros.  And to minimize energy requirements, they must reduce the amount of power required to operate such a system.  Finally, the other components of a communications system will also have to advance to terahertz operation\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research team, which included S.G. Carter, V. Birkedal, C.S. Wang, L.A. Coldren, A. V. Maslov and Mark Sherwin in addition to Citrin - also wants to understand the science of the modulation system.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There is a lot of interesting science going on into how the modulation works,\u0022 Citrin said.  \u0022We want to understand the issues that influence the ultimate limits of the modulation rate.  If we can really understand the physics, we should be able to understand the limits not only of the modulate rates, but also the modulation depth and what are the weakest fields we might be able to use.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs part of the \u0022signature\u0022 of terahertz operation, the researchers observed an effect known as the Autler-Townes Splitting.  The effect is well-known in atomic physics, but the \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E paper was the first report of it in the semiconductor quantum wells which are part of the modulator.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe splitting occurs when the devices are driven to operate at high frequencies, and its signature is a \u0022double-peak\u0022 in the reflectivity of the quantum wells.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is an interesting physical effect that can change the optical properties of the medium from reflective to transparent,\u0022 Citrin explained.  \u0022That may have its own interest for many other applications as well.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: David Citrin (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:david.citrin@ece.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Edavid.citrin@ece.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Terahertz optical modulator could permit data rates in trillions of bits per second"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"By using electromagnetic waves instead of electrical current for switching, researchers have operated an optical modulator at terahertz frequencies - an accomplishment that could one day facilitate data transmission rates in the trillions of bits per second.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Researchers demonstrate terahertz modulation"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-12-24 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-26T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-26T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"69361":{"id":"69361","type":"image","title":"Free electron laser","body":null,"created":"1449177252","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:14:12","changed":"1475894606","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:43:26"},"69362":{"id":"69362","type":"image","title":"Free electron laser","body":null,"created":"1449177252","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:14:12","changed":"1475894606","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:43:26"}},"media_ids":["69361","69362"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/sbfel3.ucsb.edu\/","title":"University of California, Santa Barbara Free Electron Laser Facility"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/faculty\/","title":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/faculty\/fac_profiles\/bio.php?id=22","title":"David Citrin"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"3748","name":"communication"},{"id":"7679","name":"Modulation"},{"id":"1143","name":"optical"},{"id":"7678","name":"Terahertz"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73775":{"#nid":"73775","#data":{"type":"news","title":"GTRI Names Director of Electro-Optical Systems Lab","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe February 2001 photograph shows Gisele Bennett posed in front of a P-3 Orion antisubmarine aircraft with four undergraduate students who were then part of a Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) - U.S. Navy project to reduce maintenance costs in the aging aircraft.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThat two of the four students shown in the photo are now full-time GTRI researchers says a lot about Bennett\u0027s leadership, mentoring skills and connections to Georgia Tech academic departments.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDirector of GTRI\u0027s Logistics and Maintenance Applied Research Center (LandMARC) and a professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bennett recently became the first director of the Institute\u0027s new Electro-Optical Systems Laboratory (EOSL).  An electrical engineer by training, she brings to the job an appreciation for GTRI\u0027s existing customers and a vision for developing new research areas where the lab can apply its expertise.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022EOSL has core research technologies that have high potential for growth,\u0022 said Bennett.  \u0022We are going to continue to be the research resource for our existing customers in areas such as optical sensing and systems design, and for our future customers in such areas as medical imaging and optical communication.  We\u0027ll continue to grow our work with the Department of Defense, and we\u0027ll have new customers at the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and industry.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough the lab\u0027s focus on electro-optical systems may seem narrow, the field includes a broad range of disciplines and a set of applications that continues to grow. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETraditionally a physics-based discipline, electro-optics now includes electrical engineering and chemistry - and such high-visibility applications as nanotechnology and solid-state lighting.  Within EOSL, research areas include remote sensing; modeling and analysis; integrated sensing systems that include optical, RF and acoustic sensors; optical device technology; LIDAR system design and measurement; microelectronics; nanotechnology; solid state lighting; performance support systems; sensor data collection and analysis - and even education through the Department of Defense SENSIAC program.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENew research areas, including optical communication and medical imaging, will build on the expertise developed for Department of Defense programs over the years.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027ve got significant programs in multi-spectral imaging and hyper-spectral imaging, and we\u0027ve got some of the leading experts in modeling atmospheric turbulence and electro-optical systems,\u0022 Bennett noted.  \u0022Medical imaging can involve optical systems for looking into the human body where there is a lot of scattering of the signal.  Our expertise in atmospheric scattering and modeling can be applied to this kind of imaging.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlready, there are projects in such areas as bruise detection and locating blood vessels.  There are collaborations with Grady Memorial Hospital, and proposals for research with Emory University, Piedmont Hospital and the American Heart Association.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBennett, who holds a Ph.D. from Georgia Tech, is a professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering.  She teaches courses there in optics and design while supervising Ph.D. students.  That\u0027s been helpful for her publishing, research collaboration, and recruiting graduate students who become GTRI engineers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022That reach-back to the academic side is very important because students learn about applications and real problems from us, while we are recruiting our future engineers,\u0022 she said.  \u0022Just about everybody in my former group was a student of mine at one time or another.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond choosing the best Georgia Tech graduates, the academic collaboration also brings new ideas and new energy to her research.  She currently has projects with eight of Georgia Tech\u0027s academic schools.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The collaboration with the academic side is very important, and probably half of my current work has collaborative components with the academic side,\u0022 Bennett noted.  \u0022Both sides can benefit from the different skill sets and the different interests in the types of problems we like to work on.  It has worked out well for us.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs director for EOSL, she\u0027d like to bring Georgia Tech\u0027s optics groups closer together so that the outside world will see a single unified research team.  That collaborative approach also applies to GTRI labs, where she\u0027d like to explore more joint projects.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Collectively, we are stronger together than we are as individual labs,\u0022 Bennett said.  \u0022We need to be one GTRI in all we do.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond teaching, her leadership was recently recognized by Georgia Tech Provost Jean-Lou Chameau, who included her in the first group of ten fellows in the new Georgia Tech Academic Leadership Program.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2000, Bennett founded LandMARC as a multidisciplinary center which now has more than $12 million in direct research.  The center focuses on condition based maintenance; RF and optical tagging, tracking and visibility, and performance support technology.  The work led to two national awards for the Electronic Performance Support System and RFID utilization.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShe is a member of the IEEE, Optical Society of America (OSA), SPIE International Society for Optical Engineering and International Society for Logistics (SOLE).  On campus, Bennett has provided leadership for numerous organizations and activities, serving as acting chair of the Institute Promotion Review Committee, chair of the Conflict of Interest Policy Review, chair of the Faculty Status and Grievance Committee, chair of the Intellectual Property Committee and vice chair of the Executive Board.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBefore moving to Georgia Tech, she studied or held positions at the University of Central Florida, the University of California at San Diego, and the University of Colorado at Boulder.  She believes that experience gives her a different perspective on how organizations can work.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBeyond work, she enjoys flying, traveling around the world, motorcycle riding and collecting fountain pens - with a concern about writing as a \u0022lost art.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGTRI Director Stephen Cross praised Bennett\u0027s vision for EOSL.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The vision she has communicated has created real excitement in that lab,\u0022 he said.  \u0022Gisele is well known in the campus community and has been involved in leadership positions both on campus and at the national level.  We expect great things from EOSL.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia  30308  USA\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Kirk Englehardt (404-385-0280); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:kirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ekirk.englehardt@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contact\u003C\/strong\u003E: Gisele Bennett (404-894-0155); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:gisele.bennett@gtri.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Egisele.bennett@gtri.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: John Toon\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Gisele Bennett is chosen to lead new GTRI research group"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Gisele Bennett has been named director of the new Electro-Optical Systems Laboratory (EOSL) at the Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) in Atlanta.  The new lab was created to highlight GTRI\u0027s broad expertise and experience in electro-optical systems.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"GTRI\u0027s new lab gains Gisele Bennett as director"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-27 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73776":{"id":"73776","type":"image","title":"Gisele Bennett","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73776"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/landmarc.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Logistics and Maintenance Applied Research Center"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/eosl\/index.html","title":"GTRI Electro-Optical Systems Lab"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtri.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Research Institute"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73765":{"#nid":"73765","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Nature Provides Design Template for Human Problems","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECopying the ideas of others is usually frowned upon, but when it comes to the work of Mother Nature, scientists are finding they can use nature as a template.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAn interdisciplinary group of scientists and engineers at the Georgia Institute of Technology recently formed the Center for Biologically Inspired Design (CBID) with the goal of capitalizing on the rich source of design solutions present in biological processes. The researchers believe nature can inspire design and engineering solutions that are efficient, practical and sustainable and thus have the potential to greatly enhance new technologies, materials and processes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Biology can be a powerful guide to understanding problems in design and engineering,\u0022 said Associate Professor of Biology Marc Weissburg, CBID co-director. \u0022In comparative physiology, we teach that every animal has to solve a particular problem to survive, so every animal is a design solution for a particular problem. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They can provide solutions for more efficient manufacturing and design of materials with new capabilities, for example. These are things the biological world has solved, and if you study them, you have the opportunity to apply that knowledge in the human sector. You can also extend that reasoning to ecological processes. These are guiding principles behind the Georgia Tech Center for Biologically Inspired Design.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECBID\u0027s mission is to promote world-class interdisciplinary research and education at Georgia Tech in biologically inspired design. CBID researchers also want to communicate to government and industry officials that nature can provide unique design solutions to the problems they must address.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECBID director and Professor of Biology Jeannette Yen began this process with an invited talk on the center\u0027s mission and activities Oct. 29 at the Bioneers Southeast Forum on the Atlanta campus of the Savannah College of Art \u0026amp; Design. This conference is one of 20 similar \u0022town hall\u0022 meetings held annually in North America.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBioneers is a network of citizens, scientists and entrepreneurs that explores practical solutions adapted from natural systems and native cultures and then applies these solutions to fundamental environmental, economic and social challenges. Its long-term goal is to engage leaders in various fields in a conversation and learning process to help them understand the root causes of the region\u0027s economic, social and environmental problems, according to its Website (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.inspiringfutures.org\/bioneers\/\u0022 title=\u0022www.inspiringfutures.org\/bioneers\/\u0022\u003Ewww.inspiringfutures.org\/bioneers\/\u003C\/a\u003E workshopdescriptions). Then leaders can make decisions based on the long-term impacts on the broader community and the natural environment.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is a key invitation for us,\u0022 Yen said. \u0022It\u0027s a great opportunity to get connected locally with leaders in the region.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYen presented the mission and activities of CBID, which formed this past summer with a three-year internal seed grant. The idea for the center began with discussions between Yen and Weissburg. Weissburg\u0027s interest grew out of his research for the Office of Naval Research on understanding olfactory guidance in crabs. The Navy was interested in this process because it wanted to build autonomous devices with a similar capability, he explained. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThen, earlier this year, Yen, Weissburg and Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering Craig Tovey studied with Bioneer and biomimicry expert Janine Benyus for 10 days in Costa Rica. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We wanted to see how nature does things like gathering and transporting energy, and then see if we can translate those processes for human applications,\u0022 Yen said. \u0022Georgia Tech is a great place to do this kind of research. It provides engineers who want to apply their expertise with biologists a new way to design solutions to problems.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter this experience, the idea for the center developed further with the help of a biological metaphor - that of an \u0022invasive\u0022 species, with the Center as the new species and Georgia Tech as the established community that is productive and successful. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Invasive species can have a negative connotation, but we\u0027re not talking about disrupting the community,\u0022 Weissburg explained. \u0022We\u0027re talking about augmenting it and adding to its functionality and activity. We used the analogy of a new species trying to fit into a community as a way to think about what our center could do to increase the productivity of the Tech \u0027ecosystem.\u0027\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs CBID encourages interaction among its initial 17 members, Yen expects an increase in biomimetic research - that is, research in biologically inspired design. Already, however, biomimetic research projects are under way in biosensing, materials design, locomotory devices, systems organization and \u0022green\u0022 technology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EExamples include:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering Minami Yoda is developing an auditory retina based on the fish ear. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* School of Materials Science and Engineering Professor Ken Sandhage and School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Assistant Professor Nils Kr\u00f6ger explore nanostructure synthesis via the self-assembled, biomineralized template -- the marine diatom. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* Tovey is designing Web-hosting optimization techniques based on the foraging strategy of honey bees.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E* Assistant Professor of Applied Physiology Young-Hui Chang and Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering Lena Ting use neuro-mechanical control principles derived from animals to engineer prosthetics and robots. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYen noted that biomimetry even offers inspiration for the way students -- and faculty - learn. \u0022Like animals, we can learn by playing,\u0022 Yen explained. \u0022We\u0027re looking to nature as our template.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n75 Fifth Street, N.W., Suite 100\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAtlanta, Georgia 30308 USA \u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedia Relations Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders (404-894-2214); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejane.sanders@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E); Fax (404-894-4545) or John Toon (404-894-6986); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejohn.toon@edi.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Edward McNally, Bioneers conference (404-371-8554 or 404-281-6419); E-mail:  (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:emcnally59@abovethefold.info\u0022\u003Eemcnally59@abovethefold.info\u003C\/a\u003E) \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETechnical Contacts\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jeannette Yen (404-385-1596); E-mail: (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:jeannette.yen@biology.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ejeannette.yen@biology.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E) or Marc Weissburg (404-894-8433); E-mail:  (\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:marc.weissburg@biology.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emarc.weissburg@biology.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter\u003C\/strong\u003E: Jane Sanders\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Scientists and engineers collaborate to apply natural solutions"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Copying the ideas of others is usually frowned upon, but when it comes to the work of Mother Nature, scientists are finding they can use nature as a template.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Scientists are finding design solutions in Nature"}],"uid":"27303","created_gmt":"2005-10-28 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:03:34","author":"John Toon","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73766":{"id":"73766","type":"image","title":"Blue crab","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73767":{"id":"73767","type":"image","title":"Jeannette Yen","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73768":{"id":"73768","type":"image","title":"Studying currents","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73766","73767","73768"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/professors\/weissbrg.html","title":"Marc Weissburg"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/professors\/yen.html","title":"Jeannette Yen"}],"groups":[{"id":"1188","name":"Research Horizons"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Toon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EResearch News \u0026amp; Publications Office\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=jt7\u0022\u003EContact John Toon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-6986\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["jtoon@gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73839":{"#nid":"73839","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Fulbright Fellow to Study E.U. Transportation Issue","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EInspiration can be found in many places, but sometimes it is the last place that anyone would expect.  Georgia Tech Fulbright Fellow and Civil Engineering Ph.D. student John Crocker found his inspiration in the transportation system problems of Atlanta.  Crocker was trying to identify the problems that led to Atlanta\u0027s current traffic issues when he discovered they could be the result of crossing borders.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Transportation officials had infrastructure plans designed to meet that population demand of the area,\u0022 said Crocker.  \u0022When I looked to find out why it wasn\u0027t built, I found out that it was the projects that crossed county borders that weren\u0027t constructed.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECrocker said he believes many of the transportation projects weren\u0027t accomplished because of problems that occurred in the cooperation between counties in the area.  Further research showed  that similar problems occurred when projects crossed state lines and even international boundaries.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I kept reading about the European Union and wondered whether they were dealing with the same types of issues only on a much larger scale,\u0022 said Crocker.  \u0022They have several projects that cross international borders and need to have the cooperation of several governments.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor part of his Fulbright Fellowship, Crocker will be researching several major European Union transportation projects that cross member state lines, such as the Trans-Alpine tunnel between France and Italy. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECrocker decided that he\u0027d like to find a way to study how the European Union dealt with its transportation issues and see if those lessons could help solve some of the issues here in Atlanta and the United States.  \u0022Knowing what types of organizations help facilitate infrastructure construction will become increasingly important, so that\u0027s why I\u0027m interested in it,\u0022 he said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECrocker believes that the growing population will only increase the demand for better transportation systems and he hopes his work can help solve the issues facing the Atlanta area.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Fulbright Fellowship program was created in 1946 with legislation sponsored by Senator J. William Fulbright, who reasoned that nations would be less likely to go to war against each other if people could study abroad and learn about each other\u0027s cultures.  Each year, the U.S. component of the international program awards about 900 grants for American students to pursue international research.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Crocker will study transportation projects that cross European Union member borders"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Inspiration can be found in many places, but sometimes it is the last place that anyone would expect.  Georgia Tech Fulbright Fellow and Civil Engineering Ph.D. student John Crocker found his inspiration in the transportation system problems of Atlanta.  Crocker was trying to identify the problems that led to Atlanta\u0027s current traffic issues when he discovered they could be the result of crossing borders.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Fulbright fellow will study transportataion issues"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-09-09 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73840":{"id":"73840","type":"image","title":"John Crocker","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73840"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.iie.org\/TemplateFulbright.cfm?section=Fulbright1","title":"Fulbright Fellowship Program"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73831":{"#nid":"73831","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Native Plant Eaters Have Gourmet Palates","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EHere\u0027s a test. Take a crayfish, offer it two meals - one the native plants that it eats everyday, the other a gourmet meal of a similar, but exotic species of plant. Conventional biological wisdom predicts it will stick with the tried and true. But new research at the Georgia Institute of Technology suggests that plant eaters may be more adventurous than previously thought and prefer to nosh on exotic meals by a ratio of three to one. The findings, which appear in the September issue of Ecology Letters, could point the way to better strategies for controlling the billions of dollars in damage that invasive species cause every year.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research runs counter to the enemy release hypothesis, first proposed by Charles Darwin in 1859, which holds that exotic species become invasive because they are free from the pressures of being eaten by their natural enemies in their native environment. Left without these controls, exotic plant species can run amuck and crowd out the native flora. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022What enemy release doesn\u0027t take into account is that while exotic plants may be free from their so-called natural enemies from their home range, they gain novel enemies in their new range,\u0022 said John Parker, graduate student at Georgia Tech.  \u0022Because they\u0027ve never had to adapt to being eaten by these consumers, they may lack the appropriate defenses to ward them off, essentially going from the frying pan into the fire.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EParker and biology professor Mark Hay tested the enemy release hypothesis with two species of crayfish found in the southeastern United States and one species of grass carp that had previously been introduced from Asia to control aquatic weed growth.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThey paired 10 exotic plants with related native plants in the lab to test how the crayfish would respond when given a choice between similar plants. They found the crayfish preferred the exotic plants by a ratio of three to one. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn another part of the study, they took a broader view of feeding preferences by feeding 57 native and 15 exotic plant species collected from 11 sites throughout the southeastern United States to both species of crayfish and to the Asian grass carp. Again they found native crayfishes preferred the exotic meals. But the exotic grass carp had no preferences. It shares little evolutionary history with either native or exotic plants, so essentially all the plants were exotic to it- a finding that further suggests that the evolutionary history between plants and their consumers is an important predictor of plant edibility.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EParker and Hay were so surprised by their findings that they re-examined data from the scientific literature on the feeding preferences of terrestrial herbivores, including three native grasshoppers and one native and four exotic slugs.  The studies they looked at had never analyzed their data for the palatability of native vs. exotic plants.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We really wanted to challenge our findings for aquatic systems,\u0022 said Parker. \u0022We wanted to know if perhaps aquatic and terrestrial systems work differently and our unusual results were the result of working in a system that nobody had looked at before.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThey were even more surprised when their new results looked exactly like their findings for aquatic herbivores.  In these three studies, one conducted in the mountains of the Pacific Northwest, another in the plains of Texas and another in the forests of upstate New York, all four native herbivores again preferred exotic plants over natives. Three of the four exotic consumers again had no preference.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Now we had essentially four separate studies with 11 herbivores and over 300 plant species collected from all around the continental United States all saying essentially the same thing: native herbivores prefer to consume exotic over native plants,\u0022 said Parker. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the results of these studies run counter to the widely accepted enemy release hypothesis, they do support the \u0027new associations\u0027 hypothesis of biological control. This hypothesis holds that since native plants have evolved alongside their native consumers, they\u0027ve developed defenses to them. Since the newly introduced plants haven\u0027t evolved with the native consumers, they may lack appropriate defenses and may be more prone to being eaten in their new environment.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is analogous to disease theory in that you might be highly susceptible to new diseases or enemies that you haven\u0027t built up resistance against,\u0022 said Parker.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to its biological importance, the research may help point the way to better strategies for controlling the damage caused by exotic species - estimated by noted Cornell ecologist David Pimentel to be more than $137 billion per year in the United States alone.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Currently, most exotic plant control is done with herbicides, mechanical removal or by importing the plants\u0027 exotic enemies,\u0022 said Parker. \u0022Each of these methods has serious drawbacks, including high costs and the potential for harmful effects on native species. Our results imply that restoring native herbivore communities may be a viable option to help control exotic plant invasions.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EParker is now working on determining whether native herbivores do in fact control exotic plant growth in field settings, an important step in determining whether biological control with native herbivores is feasible.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Hopefully our results will also lead to better hypotheses about why some exotic species fare so well in their new environments,\u0022 he said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"New research suggests that plant eaters may  prefer to eat exotic species over domestic plants. The findings could lead to better strategies for controlling the billions of dollars in damage that invasive plants cause every year.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Research could enhance controls on invasive plants"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-06 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73832":{"id":"73832","type":"image","title":"Crayfish eats exotic plants","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73832"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73923":{"#nid":"73923","#data":{"type":"news","title":"College of Management Helps Iraq Restore Power","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECrime and terrorism don\u0027t top the list of concerns that Iraqis want their government to address, according to a recent poll conducted by the International Republican Institute. Restoring reliable electrical power ranks number one.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a country where summer temperatures can reach 130 degrees, frequent power outages have been a huge source of public anger and frustration since the United States toppled Saddam Hussein\u0027s regime in May 2003. On \u0022good\u0022 days, Iraqis might have 12 hours of on-again, off-again electricity. But often the total is only half of that.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech College of Management\u0027s Huang Executive Education Center recently lent a hand in helping solve this shortage by providing leadership training to 38 members of the Iraq Ministry of Electricity who traveled to Atlanta. Georgia Tech\u0027s Strategic Energy Initiative helped, too, teaching Iraqi officials about the latest and greatest in power-plant technology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EContracted by the United States Agency for International Development via Bechtel Corporation, GE Energy selected Georgia Tech to provide the training program. \u0022We\u0027ve had a good relationship with GE Energy, providing other types of training for its employees, so when they recognized they needed help with Iraq, we were a natural place to look,\u0022 said Dan Stotz, director of executive education for the business school.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring a two-month period, Iraq Ministry officials came in two different groups: first upper-level managers and then operations people. With the help of translators, they took classes covering a range of management and energy issues and made field trips to power plants.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne Iraqi project manager (who goes unnamed here because of the deadly reprisals cooperating with Americans could cost him) stressed that improved security is key to boosting his country\u0027s electrical capacity. Iraq\u0027s power infrastructure has been a favorite target of insurgents determined to undermine international efforts to rebuild the country.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany foreign companies who could help speed the construction of badly needed power stations have kept their distance because of all the explosive violence, the project manager lamented. \u0022We\u0027re doing our best to improve the situation,\u0022 he said. \u0022We have enough people, but we need more foreign aid.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIraq\u0027s power grid never recovered from hits taken during the 1991 Gulf War because of the international embargo blocking the flow of goods and services into and out of the country, he explained. Faced with parts shortages, power managers had to jerry-rig the system to work as best they could. Keeping Baghdad fed with electricity was their top priority as the power infrastructure in other regions fell into deep disrepair, he said. Reportedly the extreme extent of the grid\u0027s dilapidation proved to be a big shock to coalition forces, greatly hindering their efforts to restore order.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESome business-school professors were disheartened to learn of management practices that became standard in the Iraq Ministry during Hussein\u0027s regime. \u0022Given Saddam\u0027s legacy of favoritism, a lot of the principles you\u0027d consider to be normal - pay for performance, merit recognition - just aren\u0027t there,\u0022 said Dennis Nagao, associate professor of organizational behavior. \u0022We taught them best practices. However, they have a lot of entrenched individuals, the old guard, who are going to be difficult to root out.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFortunately, the Iraq Ministry officials who came to Tech seem committed to making a difference, Stotz said. \u0022They\u0027re glad that Saddam is gone and very hopeful for the future. They know that getting electricity to the people is very important to the future of their country.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAn Iraqi training coordinator employed by GE said he was very pleased with the high quality of Georgia Tech\u0027s leadership development program. \u0022I wish everyone in the Iraqi Ministry could get the training,\u0022 he said. \u0022They need it.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor almost all of the participating Iraqis, this was their first trip to America. Making time to explore Atlanta, visiting such attractions as the zoo and the World of Coca-Cola Museum, they were pleasantly surprised by the friendliness of Americans. \u0022They wanted to know why the Americans in Iraq aren\u0027t as friendly,\u0022 Nagao said. \u0022I had to explain that\u0027s because we\u0027re not being shot at here.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Members of Iraq Ministry of Electricity received leadership training"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The Georgia Tech College of Management recently lent a hand in helping solve the power shortage in Iraq by providing leadership training to 38 members of the Iraq Ministry of Electricity who traveled to Atlanta.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Iraq Ministry of Electricity trained in leadership"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-07-12 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-08T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-08T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech College of Management"},{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/exec_ed\/index.html","title":"Executive Programs"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"3148","name":"brand"},{"id":"3150","name":"loyalty"},{"id":"2762","name":"marketing"},{"id":"3149","name":"religion"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EBrad Dixon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECollege of Management\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=bd106\u0022\u003EContact Brad Dixon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-3943\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["brad.dixon@mgt.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73917":{"#nid":"73917","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Grad Helps NASA Engineer Safer Shuttle","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It\u0027s the journey that matters,\u0022 the old maxim says, \u0022not the destination.\u0022 \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJohn Chapman, chief engineer for Space Shuttle Propulsion at NASA\u0027s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., would debate that idea. It\u0027s vital, he says, to have your destination in mind - to know where you\u0027re going, and why. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut Chapman acknowledges whether you\u0027re road-tripping across America, soaring in a glider held aloft by thermal air currents or working to put the most complex machine ever created - the space shuttle - into Earth\u0027s orbit, there\u0027s nothing like the journey. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs STS-114: Space Shuttle Return to Flight readies for launch, Chapman is thoroughly immersed in the latter of those journeys. \u0022What\u0027s always been most fascinating to me is the simple challenge of flight - persuading a chunk of metal anchored by gravity to fly into the sky,\u0022 Chapman says. \u0022Look at the solutions humanity has devised over the centuries to get off the ground, to fly through the air, to escape gravity and enter space. Look at the concepts we\u0027re developing today. Imagine the possibilities we\u0027ll think of tomorrow.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a leader in the Marshall Center Office of Chief Engineers, part of the Engineering Directorate at Marshall, Chapman is adept at finding solutions, and imagining possibilities. He provides technical recommendations about flight hardware and program issues to the Shuttle Propulsion Program manager. He leads a team of engineering experts, endorsed by NASA Chief Engineer Rex Geveden at NASA Headquarters in Washington, who help solve issues associated with sending the nation\u0027s flagship space vehicle back to orbit. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor Chapman, a 25-year NASA veteran who has been involved with the STS-114 since its development and has held nearly every shuttle office manager, deputy manager and business manager post at Marshall, his current job is the culmination of a love affair with flight that reaches back as far as he can remember. An avid model builder even today, he quickly tired in his youth of purchasing tiny jars of model airplane paint, and inquired about bulk supplies of the real thing at a general aviation airport in his hometown of Spartanburg, S.C. \u0022I was looking for model paint,\u0022 he recalls. \u0022Somehow, I ended up with a job.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe worked at the airport throughout his high school and college years, eventually learning about aircraft mechanics and electrical systems well enough to install hardware in private planes. He spent every spare moment - and most of his earnings - taking flying lessons. He earned his pilot\u0027s license on July 15, 1969, the day before Apollo 11 left Earth, carrying the first human beings to walk on the surface of the Moon. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFlying is integral to his life, Chapman says - over the years, he has owned a small plane and two unpowered lightweight gliders. He co-founded the Huntsville Soaring Club for glider enthusiasts, and even proposed to his wife Cindie, a chemist in the Materials and Processes Laboratory at Marshall, while soaring high over the green hills of east Tennessee. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChapman earned a bachelor\u0027s degree in industrial engineering in 1973 from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta. Between 1973 and 1978, he performed engineering studies on the early development phases of the space shuttle, working first for Northrop Services and then for D.P. Associates, both of Huntsville. He spent the subsequent year field-testing laser-based missile guidance systems for the U.S. Army at Teledyne Brown Engineering in Huntsville, and then joined NASA as an engineer in 1980. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWriting computer programs at the Marshall Center to analyze shuttle propulsion hardware, Chapman was once more drawn to the journey, and to a familiar destination. In 1981, NASA was preparing for STS-1, the shuttle\u0027s maiden space voyage. Chapman - who had road-tripped from South Carolina to the Florida Cape with his father 10 years earlier to watch the launch of Apollo 15, and had, with a college roommate, snagged VIP passes to the Apollo 16 launch in 1972 - convinced a group of fellow Marshall engineers they should witness the very first shuttle launch. They borrowed an old motor home from a local car dealer and hit the road. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESTS-1 climbed into history, and \u0022carried\u0022 Chapman\u0027s gang - and the country - along with it. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I\u0027ve never forgotten that experience,\u0022 Chapman says. He also remembers well the close group of friends who made the trip with him, including two young engineers named Sandy Coleman and Jim Kennedy. Today, Coleman is manager of the External Tank Project Office at Marshall, and Kennedy is director of NASA\u0027s Kennedy Space Center, Fla. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027ve all come a very long way since then,\u0022 Chapman says, his words encompassing not just three individuals, but an agency and a nation. \u0022But the journey isn\u0027t over yet.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhere to next? \u0022Pick a destination,\u0022 he says, and points to the sky.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"John Chapman, a Georgia Tech industrial engineering grad and chief engineer for Space Shuttle Propulsion at NASA\u0027s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., is leading a group that helps solve issues associated with getting the nation\u0027s flagship space vehicle back into space.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"ISYE grad worked to get shuttle back in orbit"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-07-12 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73918":{"id":"73918","type":"image","title":"John Chapman","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73918"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/returntoflight","title":"STS-114: Space Shuttle Return to Flight"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73909":{"#nid":"73909","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Physicists Entangle Photon and Atom in Atomic Cloud","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EQuantum communication networks show great promise in becoming a highly secure communications system. By carrying information with photons or atoms, which are entangled so that the behavior of one affects the other, the network can easily detect any eavesdropper who tries to tap the system. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPhysicists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have just reached an important\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nmilestone in the development of these systems by entangling a photon and a single atom located in an atomic cloud. Researchers believe this is the first time an entanglement between a photon and a collective excitation of atoms has passed the rigorous test of quantum behavior known as a Bell inequality violation. The findings are a significant step in developing secure long-distance quantum communications. They appear in the July 22, 2005 edition of the Physical Review of Letters.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERelying on photons or atoms to carry information from one place to another, network security relies on a method known as quantum cryptographic key distribution. In this method, the two information-carrying particles, photonic qubits or atomic qubits, are entangled. Because of the entanglement and a rule in quantum physics that states that measuring a particle disturbs that particle, an eavesdropper would be easily detected because the very act of listening causes changes in the system. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut many challenges remain in developing these systems, one of which is how to get the particles to store information long enough and travel far enough to get to their intended destination. Photonic qubits are great carriers and can travel for long distances before being absorbed into the conduit, but they\u0027re not so great at storing the information for a long time. Atomic qubits, on the other hand, can store information for much longer. So an entangled system of atoms and photons offers the best of both worlds. The trick is how to get them entangled in a simple way that requires the least amount of hardware.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPhysicists Alex Kuzmich and Brian Kennedy think that taking a collective approach is the way to go. Instead of trying to isolate an atom to get it into the excited state necessary for it to become entangled with a photon, they decided to try to excite an atom in a cloud of atoms.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Using a collective atomic qubit is much simpler than the single atom approach,\u0022 said Kuzmich, assistant professor of physics at Georgia Tech. \u0022It requires less hardware because we don\u0027t have to isolate an atom. In fact, we don\u0027t even know, or need to know, which atom in the group is the qubit. We can show that the system is entangled because it violates Bell inequality.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022With single atoms, its much more difficult to control the system because there is so much preparation that must be done,\u0022 said Kennedy, professor of physics at Georgia Tech. \u0022For the collective excitation, the initial preparation of the atoms is minimal. You don\u0027t have to play too much with their internal state - something that\u0027s usually a huge concern.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to having the system pass the rigorous test of Bell inequality, researchers said they were able to increase the amount of time the atomic cloud can store information to several microseconds. That\u0027s fifty times longer than it takes to prepare and measure the atom-photon entanglement. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother challenge of quantum communication networks is that since photons can only travel so far before they get absorbed into the conduit, the network has to be built in nodes with a repeater at each connection. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022A very important step down the road would be to put systems like this together and confirm they are behaving in a quantum mechanical way,\u0022 said Kennedy.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Physicists at the Georgia Institute of Technology have just reached an important\nmilestone in the development of quantum communications networks by entangling a photon and a single atom located in an atomic cloud. Researchers believe this is the first time an entanglement between a photon and a collective excitation of atoms has passed the rigorous test of quantum behavior known as a Bell inequality violation.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Milestone for quantum communications networks"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-07-25 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-26T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-26T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73910":{"id":"73910","type":"image","title":"Diagram of Experimental Setup","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73910"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/qoptics\/","title":"Alex Kuzmich research group"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73907":{"#nid":"73907","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Thomas Gaylord to Give Commencement Address","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThomas K. Gaylord, Regents\u0027 Professor and Julius Brown Chair in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), will address the Georgia Institute of Technology\u0027s 222nd commencement ceremony on Friday, August 5, at 9 a.m., in Alexander Memorial Coliseum. Tech expects approximately 1,000 students to participate in the ceremony.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELast April, Gaylord received the Georgia Tech Class of 1934 Distinguished Professor Award. The prize, which includes the honor of delivering the summer commencement address, is the most prestigious award bestowed upon Tech faculty members. The recipient is chosen for his or her outstanding commitment to teaching, research and service and is selected by the Faculty Honors Committee.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the ceremony, former student Theresa Maldonado (Ph.D. 1990), now on the faculty of Texas A\u0026amp;M, said, \u0022Dr. Gaylord respected my capabilities completely.  He demanded excellence.  He also demonstrated a powerful human side of compassion when I had my first child while completing my dissertation.  He is a key person in my life and a model for me to follow.  His impact on me still resonates to this day.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKnown for going the extra mile for students, he started an end of semester event called the Extended Program of Attitude Readjustment in 1974. The program is an informal gathering of students, faculty and staff and has taken place every semester for 30 years.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn October, the Optical Society of America will honor him with the Esther Hoffman Beller Medal. The award is in recognition of his \u0022. . . innovative teaching that has brought the latest research results alive for students for 30 years and for his significant contributions to establishing Georgia Tech\u0027s optics and photonics programs,\u0022 according to the citation.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGaylord came to Tech in 1972. He earned his bachelor\u0027s degree in physics and his master\u0027s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Missouri in Rolla. He received a doctorate in electrical engineering from Rice University.  He has been a key contributor to the founding and development of the optics and photonics program at Georgia Tech.  Gaylord is co-developer, with M. G. Moharam, of the Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis (RCWA) for the exact analysis of grating diffraction.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe has also developed exact analogies between electromagnetic optics in dielectrics and electron wave optics in semiconductors and contributed to the development of holographic data storage, fiber gratings, semiconductor quantum optoelectronic devices, birefringence measurements, photonic crystals and chip-level optical interconnects.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGaylord is the author of 350 technical publications and 25 patents in the areas of diffractive optics, optical interconnects, optoelectronics and semiconductor devices. He has received the Curtis W. McGraw Research Award from the American Society for Engineering Education and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Graduate Teaching Award. He is a Fellow of the Optical Society of America, IEEE and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Thomas K. Gaylord, Regents\u0027 Professor and Julius Brown Chair in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE), will address the Georgia Institute of Technology\u0027s 222nd commencement ceremony on Friday, August 5, at 9 a.m., in Alexander Memorial Coliseum. Tech expects approximately 1,000 students to participate in the ceremony.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Ceremony is August Fifth at the Coliseum"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-08-01 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-02T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-02T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73908":{"id":"73908","type":"image","title":"Thomas Gaylord","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73908"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/commencement","title":"Commencement Information"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73905":{"#nid":"73905","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Two Tech Students Among Astronaut Scholars","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Astronaut Scholarship Foundation recently announced the award of its scholarships for the 2005-2006 academic year to 16 dynamic undergraduates and graduate college students who exhibit motivation, imagination, and exceptional performance in the fields of science and engineering. Tech students Jarret Lafleur and Isaac Penny are among the chosen.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The Foundation is a way for me and my fellow astronauts to give back to a country who afforded us an extraordinary opportunity,\u0022 said Apollo 15 Command Module Pilot and Foundation Chairman Col. Al Worden. \u0022It is vital that America remains a technological leader in the world, and that responsibility rests upon these future generations.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEach scholar will receive $10,000, for a total of $170,000 (one recipient is yet to be named). That will increase the total amount of scholarship money awarded to more than $2 million to a total of 196 students.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECandidates are nominated by faculty members at 18 different colleges and universities and reviewed by a scholarship board. Two nominees from each school are submitted to the foundation\u0027s scholarship committee for review. Selections by the committee are presented to the foundation\u0027s board of directors for final approval.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEstablished by the original Mercury astronauts in 1984, the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation is a 501 (c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to helping the United States retain its world leadership in science and technology by providing scholarships to students pursuing these fields. More than 50 astronauts from the Gemini, Apollo and Shuttle programs have since joined the cause, raising money through personal appearances, special events, corporate\/individual donations and membership fees. Its headquarters is located in the Astronaut Hall of Fame at Kennedy Space Center, FL. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 2005-2006 recipients (Georgia Tech and Penn State were awarded scholarships for both nominees): \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech - Jarret Marshall Lafleur from Mapleville, RI is a senior in Aerospace Engineering with a 4.0 GPA. He presented a wing morphing design for use on Mars to NASA that apparently represents the first instance of a published full design of such a vehicle for a planet other than earth. He plans to earn a Ph.D. and work in a multidisciplinary group dedicated to space design problems. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIsaac David Penny from Lawrence, KS is a senior in Mechanical Engineering with a 3.87 GPA. He is a fourth generation engineer and plans to develop an air transportation system for third world countries beginning by using his knowledge and skills as a pilot and leader in \u0022ambitious technical Projects.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvey Mudd College - Robert Martin Panish \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMiami University - Ethan Silva Karp \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENorth Carolina A\u0026amp;T - Christopher Jessamy \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENorth Carolina State - Patrick Garrett Keistler \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENorth Dakota State - Jonathan Michael Pikalek \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPenn State - Andrew Scott Bielen and Adam Nolan Morgan \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESyracuse University - Brien R. Flewelling \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETexas A\u0026amp;M - Justin Howard Wilson \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETufts University - Russell E. Sargent \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversity of Colorado - Erin L. Reed \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversity of Oklahoma - TBD \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversity of Minnesota - Craig Michael Lewandowski \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversity of Washington - Angela Marie Stickle\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWashington University - Aaron Frank Mertz\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech students Jarret Lafleur and Isaac Penny are among the recipients of the Astronaut Scholarships awarded by a foundation made up of more than 50 astronauts.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Jarret Lafleur and Isaac Penny receive $10,000"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-08-03 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-03T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-03T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73906":{"id":"73906","type":"image","title":"Astronaut Buzz Aldrin","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73906"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.AstronautScholarship.org\/","title":"Astronaut Scholarship"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73903":{"#nid":"73903","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Lasers Key to Handheld Gas and Liquid Sensors","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ETerrorists have just laced the water supply of a major metropolis with a chemical so lethal that only small amounts are needed to kill thousands of people. But the chemical never reaches its targets. Tiny liquid phase sensors at strategic points in the city\u0027s water mains detect the chemical as it passes and tell a computer to close down the affected pipes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrent technology is too cumbersome for this kind of rapid detection and response. But new advances in liquid and gas phase chemical sensing being made at the Georgia Institute of Technology may lead to the development of palm-sized sensing tools that can provide the instant detection needed to stop such an attack.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing small quantum cascade lasers, researchers at Tech, along with colleagues from Tel-Aviv University and OmniGuide Communications, have built and demonstrated a prototype handheld gas phase chemical sensing device and a liquid phase sensing device. The details appear in the July 15, 2005 issue of Analytical Chemistry and the May 9, 2005 issue of Applied Physics Letters.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe quantum cascade laser is the key to scaling down midinfrared chemical sensing tools to fit in the palm of the hand, said Boris Mizaikoff, associate professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This diode laser light source emits midinfrared frequencies, operates at room temperature and is small - roughly the same size as the laser you use in a laser pointer or CD player,\u0022 said Mizaikoff.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlmost every organic molecule has a very distinctive absorption pattern in the midinfrared range (roughly between three and 20 microns) Illuminating molecules with a laser tuned to its fingerprint frequency will cause the molecules to vibrate as they absorb radiation at that frequency.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDetecting a chemical is as simple as illuminating a small volume of gas or liquid with a laser. If the laser is tuned to a characteristic absorption frequency of benzene, for example, and benzene is present, the molecules will vibrate and absorb an amount of radiation at its characteristic absorption frequency indicating its concentration.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The quantum cascade lasers can be designed by bandstructure engineering to emit almost anywhere in the midinfrared band,\u0022 said Mizaikoff.  \u0022So, if the molecule you want to detect has an absorption at 11 microns, you design a laser that emits precisely at that frequency. With the concept of the quantum cascade laser, that\u0027s possible for the first time.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor the gas sensing modules, Mizaikoff and his student Christy Charlton use a photonic band gap hollow waveguide (developed by OmniGuide),essentially a hollow, flexible tube, to both contain very small amounts of the air being sampled and assist in sensing. The waveguide can be built to propagate only one wavelength of light very well. So when the laser illuminates the gas molecules inside the waveguide, the waveguide will propagate only the selected fingerprint frequency for detecting a specific molecule.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In our paper, we\u0027ve shown that if we take only one meter of photonic band gap hollow waveguide with an inner diameter of 700 microns coupled to a frequency-matched quantum cascade laser, we\u0027ve been able to detect levels down to 30 parts-per-billion (ppb) of ethyl chloride,\u0022 said Mizaikoff. \u0022In our opinion, it\u0027s among the most sensitive measurement that\u0027s been demonstrated in gas phase sensing in a hollow wave guide to date.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGas sensing done this way requires a sample of only one milliliter of gas, compared to few hundreds of milliliters for other techniques using regular multi-pass gas cells, he added.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of the most promising applications for this technology is breath diagnostics, said Mizaikoff.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022A lot of diseases, like asthmatic conditions or acute lung injuries, have specific biomarkers that are contained in breath,\u0022 he said. \u0022The problem is that you have a dramatic increase of these markers, but still at very low concentration levels, so you need extremely sensitive and reliable tools to detect these changes. We believe this is one way to develop a very compact sensing device, which could provide the sensitivities needed for breath diagnostics.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the lasers are so small, devices could be made to sense multiple chemicals by simply adding more lasers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor the liquid phase device, researchers use a planar silver halide waveguide, developed at Tel-Aviv University, to transmit the radiation. As with the gas devices, the quantum cascade lasers vastly increase the sensitivity of liquid phase chemical detection at the surface of this waveguide.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022By making the waveguide thinner and coupling the laser into that, we\u0027re actually increasing the amount of energy transported in the so-called evanescent field, which means the sensitivity goes up,\u0022 said Mizaikoff.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, there are only few techniques available that can provide an instant response at trace-levels in water monitoring. Usually, gas or liquid chromatography, which require collecting samples, is needed to detect such fine amounts.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This might be the road to sensors that can continuously measure at ppb levels, with molecular selectivity, and instantaneously,\u0022 said Mizaikoff. \u0022We believe this technology will be the inroad to single digit ppb water quality measurement.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Ga Tech developing instant-response trace sensors"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Tech researchers are using quantum cascade lasers to develop handheld gas and liquid phase sensors capable of providing instantaneous and continuous detection of trace elements. Potential applications include chemical weapon detection and diagnosing illnesses through breath.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Ga Tech developing instant-response trace sensors"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-08-04 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-04T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-04T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73904":{"id":"73904","type":"image","title":"Boris Mizaikoff and Christy Charlton","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73904"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/asl.chemistry.gatech.edu\/","title":"Applied Sensors Laboratory"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73900":{"#nid":"73900","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Liberal Arts Enrollment Up 50 Percent at Tech","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EAn intensive recruitment effort over the past two and a half years pays off big for the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts at Georgia Tech, resulting in a 50 percent increase in its freshman class this fall. The College, which offers undergraduate degrees in disciplines ranging from communication, digital media, economics, history, international affairs, modern languages, public policy, and several joint degrees, focused on an intensive recruiting process the past two years involving significant participation from the College\u0027s enthusiastic Student Advisory Board.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022More students are discovering the advantages of a small liberal arts college at a large research university like Georgia Tech. They get the best of both worlds,\u0022 says Elizabeth Miller, academic adviser and recruitment coordinator for Ivan Allen College at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are seeing the results of a good game plan. We\u0027ve learned that investing in the Web is the way to go and that campus visits are a high predictor for enrollment,\u0022 says Richard Barke, former associate dean of Ivan Allen College and associate professor of Public Policy.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecruitment Numbers from 2004 to 2005\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIvan Allen College vs. Georgia Tech Overall\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncrease in # of Applications\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003E47%\u003C\/strong\u003E\t\t\t6.7%\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncrease in Deposits, expected to enroll\t\u003Cstrong\u003E50%\u003C\/strong\u003E\t\t\t-4.6% *\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncrease in In-State Deposits\t\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003E44%\u003C\/strong\u003E\t\t\t-1.7%\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncrease in Out-of-State Deposits\t\t\u003Cstrong\u003E88%\u003C\/strong\u003E\t\t\t5.3%\t\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003E*reflects planned decrease in number of seats for freshman class\u003C\/em\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EShadow Day\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nIvan Allen College participates in all the recruitment efforts of the main Admissions office for Georgia Tech, but added a new Shadow Day program this past year with impressive results.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We have given much thought to how to attract students to a new non-engineering program at a major engineering university. The Student Advisory Board for Ivan Allen College really helped us refine our recruiting ideas to help us boost our visibility and enrollment,\u0022 says Barke.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKnowing that interested students tend to enroll after visiting campus, the recruitment team planned two Shadow Days in March of this year for all recently admitted students who either expressed interest in Ivan Allen College majors or were undecided. Of the prospective students who attended Shadow Day, 95 percent sent their enrollment deposits -- an impressive marketing result by any standard.  For Shadow Day, the College invited 300 high school students and about 80 participated, including a number of out-of-state students who made the trip.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor Shadow Day, the prospective students registered online and selected their major interests, which the College matched to the classes they attended on Shadow Day. Ivan Allen College students hosted the prospective students and no parents were invited so they got a good feel for the real world of being a Tech student.  Over lunch, students were joined by deans, faculty members and advisers for informal chats, and in the afternoon students could opt to learn more about other interests such as sports, music, drama, the Greek system, computers, etc.  Due to Shadow Days\u0027 strong results and positive feedback from participants, the College plans to host Shadow Days again in both the fall and spring semesters.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Everyone from the professors to the student volunteers were very open to working with the Student Advisory Board to make the day succeed, and I would definitely say that it did,\u0022 says recent graduate and board member Sarah Edwards, History, Technology, and Society, May 2005.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPhone Banks\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nOver the past three years, student volunteers from Ivan Allen College ran phone banks for two evenings in April to call recently admitted students in order to answer their questions and find out their interests. With increasing results each year, Miller found the phone banks to be an effective way to reach prospective students during a crucial decision-making stage.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERecruitment Process\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nMiller emphasized that recruiting students is a process with many steps along the way. The College improved the recruitment process significantly, developing an award-winning student recruitment Web site, monitoring Web site usage, and tracking contacts with all prospective students to better understand the most effective recruiting methods.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The Web is now the number one way students pick a college, so we worked hard to create an interactive Web site, to build in key words for searches and track what pages are being looked at the most.  We see the most traffic on our Web site from August to October when high school seniors return to school and start seriously planning which schools to apply to,\u0022 says Miller.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EApplications, Diversity Rise\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJust as interest in the liberal arts has surged at Tech, so has interest in the Institute as a whole. This year, Tech received nearly seven percent more applications than it did for the fall semester in 2004. The rise is mostly due to the success of the aggressive recruiting programs Tech put into place several years ago. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIncreasing the intellectual and ethnic diversity of the student body has been a top priority for recruiters at Georgia Tech. The rise in applications to Tech\u0027s non-engineering programs such as liberal arts, management (which saw a 6.5 percent increase in applications) and the sciences (where applications increased by 3.6 percent) is a strong indicator that these programs are paying off. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 6.5 percent  increase in the number of African-Americans in the freshman class and a 4.8 percent rise in Hispanic students is another gauge of these programs\u0027 success. Since 2001, Tech has seen a 44 percent increase in the number of African-American freshman and a 77 percent increase in the number of Hispanic students. These gains come despite the fact that Tech does not practice Affirmative Action in admitting students.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough more students are sending their applications to Tech, the Institute has reduced the number of students enrolling this year by five percent in order to keep class sizes to a reasonable level. The dip in enrollment by female students is largely a by-product of the smaller class size. Since 2003, Tech has increased the enrollment of women in the freshman class by 20 percent. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Quick Facts\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETotal applications \t\t\t\t9,157\t(6.7 percent increase from 2004)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETotal expected to enroll    \t\t\t2,487   (planned 4.6 percent decrease from 2004)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENumber of women to enroll \t\t\t726\t(7 percent decrease from 2004)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENumber of African-American students to enroll \t\t163\t(6.5 percent increase from 2004)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENumber of Hispanic students to enroll \t110\t(4.76 percent increase from 2004)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAverage high school GPA \t3.74\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAverage SAT score\t\t1340\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENumber of perfect test scores 13 SAT\u0027s, 3 ACT\u0027s\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost popular first names:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            female - Ashley (19), Lauren (19), Sarah (19)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            male - Michael (81), Matthew (57), David (52)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost popular last names:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            female - Smith (8), Johnson (6), Patel (5)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            male - Lee (14), Smith (14), Kim (12)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost popular majors:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            Undeclared College of Engineering-UEC (386)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            Mechanical Engineering-ME (217)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n            Biomedical Engineering-BMED (194)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E48 states, District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico  represented.  No freshmen from Hawaii or Wyoming.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETop Foreign countries:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n             India (46)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\t Korea, Republic of (South) (25)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\t China (5)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n             Pakistan (3)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n             Nigeria (2), Russia (2), Taiwan (2), Venezuela (2)\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are 10 sets of twins.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are 103 freshmen who have multiple legacies with 501 with at least one legacy.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are 1,000 high schools represented.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E73 percent (1821) of the freshmen class submitted a web application.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are 78 National Merit Finalists.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Applications, diversity rise across the Institute"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"An intensive recruitment effort over the past two and a half years pays off big for the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts at Georgia Tech, resulting in a 50 percent increase in its freshman class this fall.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Applications increase across the campus"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-08-09 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-09T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-09T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73901":{"id":"73901","type":"image","title":"Elizabeth Miller speaks to incoming freshman stude","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73902":{"id":"73902","type":"image","title":"Richard Barke","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73901","73902"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.admission.gatech.edu\/","title":"Admissions"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.iac.gatech.edu\/","title":"Ivan Allen College"},{"url":"http:\/\/students.iac.gatech.edu\/index.html","title":"Ivan Allen College Student Services"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73795":{"#nid":"73795","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tech\/Emory Get $19 M for Nanotech Cancer Center","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the National Institutes of Health has selected Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology as one of seven National Centers of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence (CCNE).  The new center will be named the \u0022Emory-Georgia Tech Nanotechnology Center for Personalized and Predictive Oncology.\u0022 It will be housed both in the Emory Winship Cancer Institute (WCI) and on the Georgia Tech campus, and will function as a \u0022discovery accelerator\u0022 to integrate nanotechnology into personalized cancer treatments and early detection. The awarded amount is $3.66 million for the first year, and is expected to reach $19-20 million over a five-year period.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith the CCNE designation, Emory and Georgia Tech now possess one of the largest federally funded programs in the U.S. for biomedical nanotechnology, biomolecular and cellular engineering, cancer bioinformatics and biocomputing, translational cancer research, education and training, intellectual property creation, and nanomedicine commercialization and economic development.   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This grant demonstrates the high level of confidence the National Cancer Institute has in Emory University, Georgia Tech and in the State of Georgia,\u0022 said Governor Sonny Perdue.  \u0022The progress we have made would not have been possible without collaboration among these universities and agencies such as the Georgia Cancer Coalition and the Georgia Research Alliance.  The State of Georgia is truly at the cutting edge of biomedical research.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENanotechnology is research and technology at the atomic, molecular or macromolecular levels, where particles are measured with a nanometer equivalent to one-billionth of a meter, or 100,000 times smaller than a strand of human hair.  Coupled with the new genomic understanding of human cancers, nanotechnology offers promise for much earlier cancer detection, personalized diagnostics for targeted treatment and the creation of new nanoscale drugs for metastatic cancers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EScientists involved in this grant will accelerate the development of \u0022bioconjugated nanoparticles\u0022 for cancer molecular imaging, molecular profiling and personalized therapy.  Emory and Georgia Tech scientists already have productive research collaborations using major grants from the NIH to develop several kinds of nanoparticle probes, including \u0022quantum dot\u0022 nanoparticles -- tiny semiconductor particles that have unique electronic and optical properties due to their size and their highly compact structure.  Quantum dot based probes can act as markers for specific proteins and cells and can be used to study protein-protein interactions in live cells or to detect diseased cells.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\t\u0022Nanotechnology will eventually apply to all cancers; however, this grant is focusing on breast and prostate cancers because they represent a number of compelling challenges and opportunities in cancer research,\u0022 said Bill Todd, President and CEO of the Georgia Cancer Coalition and an important supporter of the grant.  \u0022These cancers are among the most common cancers and have high mortality rates, yet there is evidence that with targeted therapies for these types of cancer we can improve survival in Georgia and in the nation.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CCNE\u0027s Director and Principal Investigator is Shuming Nie, PhD, the Wallace H. Coulter Distinguished Chair and Professor in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME) at Georgia Tech and Emory.  He is also Associate Director for Nanotechnology Bioengineering at Emory\u0027s Winship Cancer Institute, and a Georgia Cancer Coalition Scholar.  Co-Principal Investigator is Jonathan Simons, MD, Director of the Winship Cancer Institute and Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Tech.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Nanotechnology enables us to bring together scientists in many disciplines, including basic biomedical and clinical sciences, engineering and computer science,\u0022 says Dr. Nie.  \u0022The joint Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University provides a truly collaborative environment for multidisciplinary research in \u0027Bio+Nano+Info\u0027, and for translating bioengineering technologies and basic discoveries into clinical medicine.  This Center will benefit cancer patients not only in the WCI clinics but also in Georgia and the world by providing new technologies for early detection, more accurate molecular-level diagnosis, and targeted nanoparticle drugs for individualized cancer therapy.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Emory\/Georgia Tech CCNE will comprise 75 researchers and administrators working at six different institutions across the country.  At Emory, the cross-disciplinary teams will include basic researchers in biomedical engineering, pathology, radiology, urology, pharmacology, biochemistry, molecular biology and medical and surgical oncology.  Leading Georgia Tech scientists will come from departments of biomedical engineering, electrical and computer engineering, materials science and engineering, chemistry and biochemistry.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This grant is yet another recognition of the strength created through the innovative partnership between Emory University and Georgia Tech,\u0022 said Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough.  \u0022By combining our talent, resources and creativity, a team is created that can tackle some of the most difficult and resistant problems facing mankind.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech-Emory partnership is embodied in the joint Georgia Tech\/Emory Department of Biomedical Engineering, a unique academic unit that was established in 1997 with Dr. Don Giddens, Dean of the Georgia Tech College of Engineering as its founding chairman, and has rapidly risen to its current US News \u0026amp; World Report ranking as third among 2005 Graduate Programs.   In addition to the CCNE grant, this public-private partnership has led to several large-scale NIH awards totaling $21 million to Emory University and Georgia Tech, including a grant to develop nanoparticle probes for molecular and cellular imaging, a Bioengineering Research Partnerships (BRP) award to correlate biomarkers with prostate cancer behavior, and a U01 center award to develop nanotechnology for molecular analysis and detection of cardiovascular plaques.  In addition, Emory\u0027s Winship Cancer Institute has been awarded an NCI P20 planning grant, which is the first step in attaining the Georgia\u0027s first-ever NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center designation.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The momentum for this new nanotechnology center comes from the common vision shared by our cancer investigators in basic science, translational research, engineering, and clinical care at Emory and Georgia Tech,\u0022 said Michael M.E. Johns, MD, CEO and director of Emory\u0027s Woodruff Health Sciences Center.   \u0022That vision is to reduce the time separating basic discovery in nanotechnology and earlier cancer detection and therapies that will target biomarkers for personalized and predictive therapy.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The College of Engineering at Georgia Tech has long been committed to working with the Winship Cancer Institute and the Georgia Cancer Coalition to employ technology to advance research in the battle against cancer,\u0022 said Don Giddens, Dean of the Georgia Tech College of Engineering. \u0022This highly competitive CCNE award gives national recognition to the tremendous strengths in nanomedicine that Tech and Emory have, and it is symbolic of the great potential inherent in the Emory-Georgia Tech partnership.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Larry McIntire, Chairman of the joint Georgia Tech\/Emory Department of Biomedical Engineering, also applauds the synergistic collaborations between Emory and Georgia Tech.  \u0022This CCNE grant demonstrates that by combining technology and medicine, Georgia Tech and Emory can move the promise of nanotechnology into the realm of nanomedicine to diagnose and treat specific cancers. The nanomedicine platforms being developed are extremely powerful and have the potential to be applied in many areas of human disease.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CCNE application received broad support not only from Emory and Georgia Tech but also from the State of Georgia.  Georgia has devoted a significant portion of its tobacco settlement dollars to statewide cancer initiatives through the Georgia Cancer Coalition.  Through its program called \u0022Extraordinary Opportunities in Cancer Research,\u0022 the GCC committed $1.1 million in matching funds for the CCNE grant.  These funds will be in the form of two additional faculty positions for the project and seed grants available to Emory and Georgia Tech faculty working on the CCNE.  In addition, two of the Georgia Tech project\/core leaders (Drs Shumning Nie and May Dongmei Wang) and five of the Emory leading investigators (Drs Robin Bostick, Leland Chung, Milton Datta, Ruth O\u0027Regan, and Dong Shin) are GCC Distinguished Cancer Scholars.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Research Alliance committed $2.5 million in support of the CCNE application for nanotechnology equipment, commercialization and economic development and two GRA Eminent Scholars in cancer nanotechnology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This grant is an important step forward in collaborative cancer research,\u0022 said Dr. Simons.  \u0022At the Winship Cancer Institute and Georgia Tech, we are working together to create bioengineering technologies that will lift the entire field of cancer research and cancer care.  This collaboration is strengthened by the vision and involvement of the National Cancer Institute and the State of Georgia through the GCC and the GRA, who have worked tirelessly to foster a thriving collaborative research environment.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe center is also supported by strategic alliances with two NCI Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORES), one in breast cancer at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN) and the other in human prostate cancer at the University of Washington (Seattle, WA). It will also be supported by collaboration with two NCI Comprehensive Cancer Centers, the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (Seattle, WA) and the Johns Hopkins Oncology Center (Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD).  The CCNE is further strengthened by partnerships with non-profit \/government organizations (e.g., the American Cancer Society and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), with bio\/nanotechnology companies (e.g., Beckman-Coulter, Applied Biosystems, Crystalplex Corp, Nanoplex Technologies, and CRI), and with biocomputing industry leaders (e.g., Hewlett Packard Corp and Microsoft Research). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEmory University President James Wagner will provide institutional support of\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n$1 million to develop a cancer nanotechnology fellowship program.  Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough also will provide $1 million for purchase of nanotechnology equipment and facilities.  Significant in-kind support will also be provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Cancer Society.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This CCNE designation will truly make Emory and Georgia Tech destination universities for technology research that can reduce the burden of human cancer and potentially other diseases,\u0022 said Dr. Wagner.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech and Emory University have received $19 million from the National Cancer Institute to establish the new Emory-Georgia Tech Nanotechnology Center for Personalized and Predictive Oncology. The center will step up efforts to integrate nanotechnology into personalized cancer treatments and early detection.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Center to focus on nanotechnology cancer research"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-10-03 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-03T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-03T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73796":{"id":"73796","type":"image","title":"Quantum dots","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73797":{"id":"73797","type":"image","title":"Quantum dots","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73798":{"id":"73798","type":"image","title":"Nanoparticle probes","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73796","73797","73798"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.winshipcancerinstitute.org\/","title":"Winship Cancer Institute"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.winshipcancerinstitute.org\/CCNE","title":"Emory-Georgia Tech Nanotechnology Center for Personalized and Predictive Oncology"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.bme.gatech.edu\/","title":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news\/pr\/oct2005\/nci-03.htm","title":"National Institutes of Health Press Release"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/news-room\/release.php?id=667","title":"Additional Facts Sheet - Tech\/Emory Nanotech Center"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73892":{"#nid":"73892","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Mullick Named New Industrial Design Director","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Industrial Design program has a new director.  Abir Mullick joins the program this fall from State University of New York at Buffalo, where he taught in the department of architecture.  Mullick holds master\u0027s degrees in industrial design and city and regional planning, from Ohio State.  He received his bachelor\u0027s degree from the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, India.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are delighted to have Abir Mullick as our new director of Industrial Design,\u0022 said College of Architecture Dean Thomas Galloway.  \u0022Abir is a perfect fit for the Industrial Design program.  He brings a combination of interdisciplinary collaborations along with his experience in universal design that will enhance both the Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access (C.A.T.E.A.) as well as the academic programs within the College of Architecture.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMullick says he is excited to be at Georgia Tech and, after consulting with faculty, staff and students, hopes to create a new vision for the Industrial Design program.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I would like to see Industrial Design move in a collaborative way,\u0022 said Mullick.  \u0022 I\u0027d like to see us expand the department and create bridges across campus.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMuch of Mullick\u0027s research has been in the universal design area.  One of more recent projects was the universal bathroom, sponsored by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.  During the course of his research Mullick was able to design two adjustable bathrooms. In these bathrooms two fixtures, the sink and shower, move around the bathroom wall and they adjust. Through fixture movement, the bathrooms reorganize and open up spaces for independent and dependent use, and for care providing situations. The fixtures also adjust in height to accommodate variations in stature including standing users, sitting users and children. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These bathrooms are intended prolong independence, allow offering care, and assist care-providers,\u0022 said Mullick. \u0022Unlike current bathrooms, which are designed primarily for independent users, these bathrooms consider the needs of the human life cycle and address dependent use and care providing alongside independent use in the bathroom.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThey are excellent examples of how the universal design philosophy can create flexible environment and produce innovative designs that are high in usability, convenience, aesthetics, surprise, and fun.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMullick replaces Lorraine Justice, who left Georgia Tech to become the head of the Design School at Hong Kong Polytechnic University.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"The Industrial Design program gets new leadership this fall"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The Georgia Tech Industrial Design program has a new director.   Abir Mullick joins the program this fall from State University of New York at Buffalo, where he taught in the department of architecture.  Mullick holds master\u0027s degrees in industrial design and city and regional planning, from Ohio State.  He received his bachelor\u0027s degree from the National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, India.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Mullick named new Industrial Design director"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-08-18 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-18T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-18T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73893":{"id":"73893","type":"image","title":"Abir Mullick","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73893"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/arch\/","title":"Architecture Program"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/id\/","title":"Industrial Design"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73890":{"#nid":"73890","#data":{"type":"news","title":"U.S. News Undergraduate Rankings Remain Strong","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EFor the seventh consecutive year and the eighth time in the past decade, \u003Cem\u003EU.S. News and World Report\u003C\/em\u003E has ranked the Georgia Institute of Technology as one of the top 10 public universities in the nation.  Tech was ranked ninth among the nation\u0027s top public universities for undergraduates and 37th among all of the American universities, up four slots from last year.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Over the last decade Georgia Tech has shown the consistency in performance that reflects the quality of this institution,\u0022 said Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs Jean-Lou Chameau.  \u0022I\u0027m pleased to see that excellence continue, despite the challenges that we face in today\u0027s competitive higher education marketplace.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChameau continued, \u0022We\u0027re especially proud of our ability to maintain an elite status among public universities during a time when our state funding has decreased.  I\u0027m hopeful that a rebounding economy will provide better dollars for higher education in the future.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech\u0027s nationally prominent College of Engineering held steady with a ranking of 6th.  Among Tech\u0027s highlights this year is the ranking of the Biomedical Engineering program, which climbed two slots to 4th.  The College of Engineering had five of its programs ranked in the top 5 among specialty areas.  For the third year in a row, Georgia Tech\u0027s Co-op program was ranked one of 12  \u0022Academic Programs to Look For\u0022 under internships and co-ops.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Our Engineering programs continue to maintain the highest standards,\u0022 said Chameau.  \u0022Biomedical Engineering made a significant improvement, while the other programs continue to receive high marks.  While such rankings certainly cannot convey the depth and breadth of the high-quality education Georgia Tech provides, it is nonetheless quite gratifying to have our ongoing efforts recognized.\u0022   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETech continues to have some of the most generous alumni.  The percentage of Tech graduates contributing to the Institute is the highest among any public university in the top 50.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Georgia Tech ranks ninth among public universities"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"For the seventh consecutive year and the eighth time in the past decade, \u003Cem\u003EU.S. News and World Report\u003C\/em\u003E has ranked the Georgia Institute of Technology as one of the top 10 public universities in the nation.  Tech was ranked ninth among the nation\u0027s top public universities for undergraduates and 37th among all of the American universities, up four slots from last year.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Georgia Tech ranks ninth among public universities"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-08-19 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-19T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-19T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73891":{"id":"73891","type":"image","title":"Georgia Institute of Technology:","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73891"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/president\/","title":"Georgia Tech President G.P. (Bud) Peterson"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/usnews\/home.htm","title":"U.S. News \u0026 World Report"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73864":{"#nid":"73864","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Gas Prices Too High? Ride the Midtown Trolley","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn the midst of rising gas prices, Atlanta residents now have a free alternative for getting around Midtown, the new Georgia Tech Midtown Trolley Loop. Running from Georgia Tech\u0027s Technology Square at Fifth and West Peachtree Streets to Piedmont Park and back, the Midtown Trolley route services many of Midtown\u0027s hotspots.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStarting Tuesday, September 6 the Georgia Institute of Technology, Technology Square, the Piedmont Park Conservancy and the Midtown community will present their promotion,  \u0022Trolley Nights in Midtown.\u0022 The promotion runs Tuesdays, Sept. 6, 13, and 20 from 6 - 9 p.m.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECustomers riding the new complimentary Georgia Tech Midtown Trolley Loop will receive specials from the merchants at Technology Square and other Midtown merchants along the route. A list of each night\u0027s specials will be distributed on the Georgia Tech Trolley along with an \u0022I Rode the Midtown Trolley\u0022 sticker.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Midtown Trolley Loop operates Monday-Friday from 5 -10 p.m., Saturdays from noon-6 p.m. and Sundays from 10 a.m.-6 p.m. The trolley makes 20 stops beginning at the Georgia Tech College of Management at Technology Square (Fifth and West Peachtree Streets), circling to Piedmont Park via Juniper Street, Ponce de Leon Avenue and Piedmont Avenue, traveling back down Juniper and Peachtree Streets and ending at the Technology Square starting point. For people driving to Midtown, parking is available on the street or at Georgia Tech\u0027s 1,550-space parking deck on Spring and Fourth Streets. A map of the entire Loop route is available at \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.parking.gatech.edu\/midtowntrolley\u0022 title=\u0022www.parking.gatech.edu\/midtowntrolley\u0022\u003Ewww.parking.gatech.edu\/midtowntrolley\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Midtown Trolley Loop is a complimentary transportation service provided to the Midtown community by the Georgia Institute of Technology and supported by Atlanta Botanical Garden, Midtown Alliance, Midtown Neighbors\u0027 Association, and Piedmont Park Conservancy. The goal of the Midtown Trolley Loop is to strengthen community-building efforts, provide improved access, promote local businesses, and to encourage and support a pedestrian-friendly experience.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"In the midst of rising gas prices, Atlanta residents now have a free alternative for getting around Midtown, the new Georgia Tech Midtown Trolley Loop. Starting Tuesday,September 6 Tech presents their promotion \u0022Trolley Nights in Midtown.\u0022 The promotion runs Tuesdays, Sept. 6, 13, and 20 from 6 - 9 p.m.\n\nCustomers riding the new complimentary Georgia Tech Midtown Trolley Loop will receive specials from the merchants at Technology Square and other Midtown merchants along the route.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Trolley is free and open to the public"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-01 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-01T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-01T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73865":{"id":"73865","type":"image","title":"Trolley Route Map","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73865"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.atlantabotanicalgarden.org\/","title":"Atlanta Botanical Garden"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.piedmontpark.org\/","title":"Piedmont Park"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.parking.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech Parking \u0026 Transportation"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.parking.gatech.edu\/midtowntrolley","title":"Midtown Trolley Loop"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73866":{"#nid":"73866","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tulane Students Safe and Sound","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of Hurricane Katrina was felt on Georgia Tech\u0027s campus in a very personal way, as 275 students from Tulane University arrived at the Student Center in the early morning hours of August 31. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the majority were able to make travel arrangements home, international students faced greater challenges, since returning to their home country could jeopardize the status of their student visas. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs some students slept in the Student Center\u0027s conference facilities and others showered at the Campus Recreation Center, Tech negotiated on behalf of Tulane with a local apartment complex to provide the displaced students with a place to live during the next several months if necessary.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the students\u0027 brief stay, offers of support from the general public poured in to Georgia Tech. People from metro Atlanta and across the country generously offered everything from food to housing. Tech is extremely appreciative of the efforts put forth by the public to make our visitors welcome and is happy to report that housing for the students evacuated from Tulane University has been settled.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMost were able to schedule flights to return to their hometown. Nearly two dozen students are living in a local apartment complex; others are hoping to be taken in by regional universities to continue their academic and research work. The Office of the Dean of Students is working with the Tulane Alumni local network in organizing  support and assistance for these students and their families.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the evacuation, Director of the Georgia Tech Student Center Rich Steele said he was extremely proud of the students and staff members who were able to put such a large operation into motion so quickly.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech has planned an ambitious, three-week fundraising effort to aid hurricane victims along the Gulf Coast. If met, it would be the Institute\u0027s largest charitable contribution for disaster relief.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERepresentatives from several of Tech\u0027s student organizations met last week in the Student Services Building to discuss a campus strategy for offering assistance to displaced residents in Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. They set a monetary goal of $50,000, earmarked for a major charity.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAssistant Dean of Students Danielle McDonald, who led the meeting, said that from Sept. 6 until Oct. 1, a table along Skiles Walkway would accept donations for this effort. Other fundraising is expected to take place during Tech\u0027s two home football games in September.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMcDonald said documentation could be arranged for individual donations in excess of $100, and that departmental collections should be brought to the Office of Community Service, located in the Student Services Building.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEarly plans are also being formulated for a service trip to the affected areas to aid in the clean-up effort during winter break. Community Service Coordinator Sarah Brackmann said she is in contact with the Red Cross to determine volunteer needs, and that future information pertaining to the initiative would be posted at \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.service.gatech.edu\u0022 title=\u0022www.service.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ewww.service.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"The impact of Hurricane Katrina was felt on Georgia Tech\u0027s campus in a very personal way, as 275 students from Tulane University arrived at the Student Center in the early morning hours of August 31.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tech students and staff bring calm after the storm"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-01 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-01T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-01T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73867":{"id":"73867","type":"image","title":"Buzz Gives Thumbs Up","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73867"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.service.gatech.edu\/","title":"GT Office of Community Service"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73860":{"#nid":"73860","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tech Announces Hurricane Admissions Policy","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EEarlier this week, Georgia Tech students and staff volunteered their time and facilities to help 275 students from Tulane University return home or find temporary housing. In keeping with that spirit of cooperation, Tech is opening its undergraduate and graduate admissions process to students from universities that have been closed due to the hurricane and associated flood waters. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAll requests will be considered on a case-by-case basis through Thursday, September 8. Student applicants will need to present proof of enrollment at a school in the areas affected by Hurricane Katrina. Admissions will be granted for one semester only. Students who wish to continue their education at Georgia Tech, will be able to apply at a later date through the regular admissions process. Already, Georgia Tech has accepted eight students who were qualified and needed a place to continue their education.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUndergraduate applicants should contact Georgia Tech\u0027s Office of Undergraduate Admission at 404-894-4154 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:admission@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Eadmission@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E. Graduate applicants should contact the Office of Graduate Admissions at 404-894-1610.\u003C\/strong\u003E \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn accordance with the policy of the University System of Georgia, students from the affected areas will be eligible to apply for a waiver of out-of-state tuition or to have tuition and fees deferred, if they have already paid tuition to their home institution, or received financial aid from their home institution.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech does not currently have space available in its residence halls and will be referring new students admitted under this policy to other housing options.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Tech is opening its undergraduate and graduate admissions process to students from universities that have been closed due to the hurricane and associated flood waters.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Process re-opened to students affected by the storm"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-03 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-03T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-03T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73861":{"id":"73861","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73861"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/prospective-students\/graduate\/","title":"Graduate Admissions"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.enrsrv.gatech.edu\/","title":"Undergraduate Admissions"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"41466":{"#nid":"41466","#data":{"type":"news","title":"A Message from the President","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EI would like to take this opportunity to relate updates and some thoughts on our involvement with the effects of Hurricane Katrina. Beginning with our efforts to assist 275 Tulane students who were stranded in Jackson, Mississippi, and continuing with our opening of the Coliseum as a temporary shelter that addressed the needs of nearly 300 of the hardest hit evacuees, the Georgia Tech community has responded with heart and help in a way few others have.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPerhaps Tim English, chapter executive officer for the Metro Atlanta region of the Red Cross said it best, \u0022Georgia Tech\u0027s response has been incredible. The Georgia Tech faculty, students, and staff were right there helping provide services, and Georgia Tech has bent over backwards to help in any way they could. We are most grateful for their support.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs president of this university, I have never been more proud of our students, faculty, staff, and alumni who have volunteered time, money and creative talents to assist those in need. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough much has been done, our work is far from complete.  Our admissions officers have worked with not only Tulane students, but with those from other impacted universities, to allow them to continue their programs of study.  At this point, we have enrolled approximately 55 students with others being processed.  I know we will all want to welcome them to campus and treat them as part of our Georgia Tech community.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWe are continuing to consider ways we might partner with faculty and graduate students from the University of New Orleans and Tulane to assist in their research and educational efforts.  We are also beginning to explore how our faculty and students might help in the major effort needed to plan and rebuild the damaged area.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the coming months and years, there will be many opportunities for the talents of our unique community to help our fellow citizens in the impacted areas recover from this stunning disaster.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor all of our good efforts, some of you may have heard in the media today that our shelter in the Coliseum was closed to the Red Cross because of scheduling conflicts. This is not true and many media outlets have issued corrections or called to get accurate information. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEveryone involved with events scheduled for the Coliseum prepared alternative venues and plans for the scheduled events. We were prepared to continue our association with the Red Cross if the Coliseum and the role it could play was needed. Fortunately, the Red Cross was able to find individualized housing for the remaining evacuees that were sheltered in the Coliseum. Contrary to the reports, the Coliseum remains open until Friday as a shelter to provide services to those who are relocating.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe recovery effort will continue for months to come, and Georgia Tech will stay involved.  Our student body, the Facilities Office, Student Affairs, Auxiliary Services, Campus Police, Sodexho, the Athletic Association, and many others have worked around the clock to organize and support relief efforts. All are to be commended for their tireless efforts on the behalf of others. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EI want to thank everyone on this campus for all that you have done during the past week. As always, our university is a reflection of the people who live and work here, and we have much to be proud of.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EG. Wayne Clough\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nPresident\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"President G. Wayne Clough updates campus on  current and future hurricane relief efforts.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"President Clough updates campus on relief efforts"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-07 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-07T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-07T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"41467":{"id":"41467","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449174312","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 20:25:12","changed":"1475894373","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:33","alt":"Tech Tower","file":{"fid":"190063","name":"twj25797.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/twj25797_0.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/twj25797_0.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":6366,"path_740":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/images\/twj25797_0.jpg?itok=CQfUynvx"}}},"media_ids":["41467"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.service.gatech.edu\/","title":"GT Office of Community Service"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/emergency\/","title":"Georgia Tech Safety Procedures"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/news-room\/release.php?id=633","title":"Red Cross Moving Katrina Evacuees to Hotel"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/news-room\/release.php?id=624","title":"Tech Announces Hurricane Admissions Policy"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/news-room\/release.php?id=623","title":"Tulane Students Safe and Sound"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"},{"id":"134","name":"Student and Faculty"}],"keywords":[{"id":"1970","name":"Clough"},{"id":"1860","name":"hurricane"},{"id":"2626","name":"katrina"},{"id":"3119","name":"megamod"},{"id":"3120","name":"red cross"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73843":{"#nid":"73843","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Red Cross Moving Katrina Evacuees to Hotel","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe American Red Cross has relocated evacuees from Hurricane Katrina from their emergency shelter at Georgia Tech\u0027s Alexander Memorial Coliseum to a hotel. The move is being done at the behest of the Red Cross to provide evacuees with living conditions more comparable to a home than a temporary shelter. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Our plan was to get evacuees to more permanent and private accommodations by Friday,\u0022 said Metro Atlanta Red Cross CEO Tim English. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Georgia Tech\u0027s response has been incredible. The Georgia Tech faculty, students and staff were right there helping provide services, and Georgia Tech has bent over backwards to help in any way they could. We are most grateful for their support.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELast Friday, the Red Cross began using Alexander Memorial Coliseum as a temporary evacuation center for several hundred evacuees from hurricane-affected areas. The Coliseum housed evacuees but mainly served as a distribution point for evacuees to obtain food and clothing. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough Thursday night, the Red Cross will still provide food, clothing, food stamps, computers and phone lines at the Coliseum to evacuees who do not need shelter. The mini pharmacy is still in operation, and a social security representative is still in place. Distribution of the Red Cross debit cards has been moved to the Adamsville shelter.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPersons wishing to donate money, clothing, food and other items should contact the American Red Cross at 1-800- HELP NOW. To volunteer with the Metropolitan Atlanta Chapter of the American Red Cross, call 404-876-3302.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech would like to thank the countless Georgians who brought food, clothing and other much needed items to evacuees staying at Tech. Your generosity is much appreciated.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech is grateful to have had this opportunity to help those affected by Hurricane Katrina take their first steps toward rebuilding their lives. Georgia Tech\u0027s faculty, staff and students will continue to work with the Atlanta community to provide aid to anyone affected by the hurricane.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"The American Red Cross has relocated evacuees from Hurricane Katrina from their emergency shelter at Georgia Tech\u0027s Alexander Memorial Coliseum to a hotel. The move is being done at the behest of the Red Cross to provide evacuees with living conditions more comparable to a home than a temporary shelter.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Evacuees to get more personal and private rooms"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-07 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-07T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-07T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73844":{"id":"73844","type":"image","title":"Alexander Memorial Coliseum","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894486","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:41:26"}},"media_ids":["73844"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73841":{"#nid":"73841","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tech Gets $4.16 M to Create Photonic Crystal Tools","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EPhotonic crystals, with highly periodic structures that can be designed to control light, have the potential to revolutionize everything from computing to communications. But researchers need more effective and affordable methods to create these promising crystals if they are going to find their way into personal computers or tiny sensors.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Institute of Technology has been awarded a grant totaling $4.16 million for photonic and phononic (the photonic crystal\u0027s acoustic equivalent) crystal research by the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The grant also includes a two-year option for an additional $2.75 million. The new research group, led by Ali Adibi, an associate professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, will develop very effective, yet relatively inexpensive tools for the manufacture of three-dimensional (3-D) photonic and phononic crystals.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile significant progress has been made in the large-scale fabrication of two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystals, 3-D crystals are much more difficult to manufacture and the necessary tools are expensive. With extra dimensions of control, 3-D crystals produce effects that are impossible with conventional optics.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut because of the high cost of manufacturing tools, many researchers don\u0027t have the tools they need to experiment with different 3-D crystal structures and uses. The Georgia Tech group\u0027s goal is to develop new 3-D crystal fabrication tools affordable enough to make them accessible to a much wider range of researchers, stepping up crystal research and increasing the possibility for innovation.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe new tools will be based on optical patterning of 3-D polymeric structures with chemical and biochemical modification to create high-quality photonic and phononic crystals with tailored functions and resolutions below 100 nanometers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA portion of the group\u0027s research will focus on multiphoton lithography (MPL) and multibeam interference lithography (MBIL). These polymer micropatterning methods show great potential for efficient and low-cost creation of 3-D microstructures. Other research focus areas include the development of an expanded range of materials for computer structures, the development of tools that integrate the characteristics of biomaterialization (room temperature, chemically selective nanoparticle assembly) with those of synthetic polymer microlithography (precise scalable fabrication of controlled 2-D and 3-D structures), and simulation and characterization tools to test the strengths and weaknesses of each tool.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EKey collaborators on the project, called APEX (Advanced Processing-tools for Electromagnetic\/acoustic Xtals or crystals), include Joseph Perry and Seth Marder, professors in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Kenneth Sandhage, professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Materials Science and Engineering. Other research collaborators include William Hunt, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Nils Kr\u00f6ger, an assistant professor of Chemistry; Robert Norwood and Nasser Peyghambarian from the University of Arizona; and Shu Yang from the University of Pennsylvania. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I consider this the beginning of a great effort to expand our group into one of the most well-known centers for photonic crystal research,\u0022 Adibi said.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech has received a $4.16 million grant to develop new tools for making photonic and phononic crystals. The new tools would allow a larger number of researchers to make and experiment with the crystals.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tools will allow more researchers to make crystals"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-09-08 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:27","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-08T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-08T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73842":{"id":"73842","type":"image","title":"Ali Adibi","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73842"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73771":{"#nid":"73771","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Enrollment Rising in MBA Dual Degree Program","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EDominic DePasquale\u0027s search for the right graduate school was greatly simplified by how few institutions offered what he wanted - the ability to earn an MBA and master\u0027s degree in aerospace engineering at the same time.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the Graduate Management Admission Council, only two percent of the approximately 1,400 MBA programs in America offer a dual-degree program of any kind. While some schools have only recently begun offering this option as student demand for competitive edge grows, the College of Management has had a dual-degree program for more than twenty years.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the business school\u0027s Technology Leadership Program, which is rapidly growing in popularity, students like DePasquale can earn two graduate degrees almost as fast as it takes to earn one. The MBA can be paired with a degree from any other graduate program at Tech. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDePasquale saw the doors that having two graduate degrees could open while working in the aerospace industry for two years prior to starting at Tech. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It\u0027s not hard for an aerospace engineer to rise as a technical manager, but to move into business operations and development, a background in business is very useful,\u0022 he says. \u0022It\u0027s rare that you find people strong in both areas.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDePasquale, who\u0027s due to finish both of his degrees in May 2006, says his combined studies haven\u0027t been as difficult as they might seem, thanks to the Technology Leadership Program\u0027s flexibility. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The administration and faculty in both schools at Georgia Tech have been extremely accommodating and helpful,\u0022 he says. \u0022There are mature processes in place that make enrolling and studying in the Technology Leadership Program hassle-free.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough DePasquale knew from the get-go that he wanted to earn two degrees simultaneously, many master\u0027s and doctoral students don\u0027t learn of the dual-degree option until after they\u0027ve begun their graduate studies, says Paula Wilson, director of MBA admissions at the College of Management. Some decide to add the MBA to their agenda when they learn that they can earn both degrees in seventy to seventy-six course hours versus the ninety-plus hours required if the degrees weren\u0027t consolidated. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Several years ago, we would enroll only four or five dual-degree students a year,\u0022 Wilson says. \u0022Today a third of our MBA students are pursuing dual degrees. Enrollment in the Technology Leadership Program surged once the name of the master\u0027s in management was changed to MBA in 2002. The MBA program\u0027s rise in the rankings has also generated a lot of interest. The word is getting out.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERicardo Campbell was halfway through earning his master\u0027s degree in physics at Tech when he realized that he was more interested in technology-related entrepreneurship than conducting physics research professionally. So he knew enrolling in the MBA program was the way to go. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022A lot of people think physics and business are a strange mix,\u0022 says Campbell, who earned his master\u0027s in physics in May 2004 and is due to finish his MBA in December. \u0022But IBM saw the value and said it\u0027s a great combination.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter interning at IBM last summer, he accepted a full-time position with the computer giant that he\u0027ll start after graduation. Campbell, who focused on nanomaterials while in the physics program, will continue to draw upon his scientific background as he helps IBM explore new business opportunities, like nanotechnology, as a member of the company\u0027s market intelligence division. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022A large part of my job surveying the marketplace will involve looking at companies who are very technical in nature and being able to understand their end products\u0085.,\u0022 he says. \u0022Having wonderful business skills to complement my technical education is a tremendous asset going out into the workforce.\u0022\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nPeople interested in enrolling in the Technology Leadership Program can attend an information session at 6:30 p.m. November 10 in the Georgia Tech Student Center (Room 301). To register, visit the Technology Leadership Program Website \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/programs\/mba\/dual.html\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/programs\/mba\/dual.html\u003C\/a\u003E or call 404-894-8722.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter:\u003C\/strong\u003E Brad Dixon, College of Management\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"According to the Graduate Management Admission Council, only two percent of the approximately 1,400 MBA programs in America offer a dual-degree program of any kind.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"MBA can be paired with any graduate degree at Tech"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-11-07 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73772":{"id":"73772","type":"image","title":"Dominic DePasquale","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73772"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/programs\/mba\/dual.html","title":"Dual Degree Programs"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73757":{"#nid":"73757","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Changes to Embryos Can Elicit Change in Adult Fish","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn a study illustrating the apparent linkages between the evolutionary development and embryonic development of species, researchers have uncovered the genetic elements that determine the structure and function of a simple biomechanical system, the lower jaw of the cichlid fish. In addition, they\u0027ve shown that increasing expression of a particular gene in an embryo can lead to physical changes in the adult fish. The results appear in the November 11, 2005 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re using the jaw to think about the genetic basis of biomechanical systems,\u0022 said J. Todd Streelman, assistant professor in the School of Biology at the Georgia Institute of Technology. \u0022We want to understand the genes that control this lever system. What we found was that this simple biomechanical system is much more complex than previously thought.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStreelman, along with colleagues from the Forsyth Institute at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine and the Hubbard Center for Genome Studies at the University of New Hampshire, predicted that components of the jaw that were functionally or developmentally related would be controlled by the same set of genes, or genetically integrated. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We were surprised to see that the genetic basis of components involved in opening the jaw is independent of the jaw-closing system,\u0022 said Streelman. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResearchers compared two cichlid species that dwell in Africa\u0027s Lake Malawi. One species had force modified jaws that are more adept at biting prey; the other had speed modified jaws, which are more accomplished at using suction to feed on plankton. Each jaw system is essentially a lever system made up of one out-lever and two in-levers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We found that as the closing in-lever gets longer, the out-lever gets shorter and vice-versa,\u0022 explained Streelman. \u0022When the in-lever is long, this gives the jaw a high mechanical advantage and the jaw can produce more force for biting. When the out-lever is long, that results in a lower mechanical advantage and a better design for suction-feeding. This negative correlation is produced by genetic integration.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut, when the team mapped the regions of the genome controlling the jaw-opening system, they found that these levers are controlled by different chromosomes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn another part of the study, researchers showed that the gene bmp4 is a major factor in controlling the jaw-closing system. When the team injected bmp4 protein into the developing embryos of another fish species, the zebrafish, they saw that the mechanical advantage (and thus the biting power)of the jaw increased. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This experiment fuses the traditional disciplines of developmental genetics and evolutionary biology,\u0022 said Streelman. \u0022We\u0027ve demonstrated that important functional differences operating in adult organisms are elicited by changes in early development. Our next goal is to understand the genetic bases underlying the differences between the simple biomechanical system of the lower jaw and complex systems of the anterior jaw in these fish.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Researchers uncover genetic foundation of fish jaws"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"In a study illustrating the apparent linkages between the evolutionary and embryonic development of species, researchers have shown that increasing expression of a particular gene in an embryo can lead to physical changes in the adult fish.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Researchers uncover genetic foundation of fish jaws"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-11-08 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-08T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-08T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73758":{"id":"73758","type":"image","title":"Chilotilapia rhoadesii","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73759":{"id":"73759","type":"image","title":"Copadichromis eucinostomus","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73758","73759"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/professors\/streelman.htm","title":"J. Todd Streelman"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73667":{"#nid":"73667","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Real-time Business Data Can Hurt Decision-making","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhile technological advances are enabling managers to track the flow of goods in the supply chain minute by minute, such close monitoring might not provide the benefits that many businesses expect, according to a new study.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy allowing faster response to new developments, real-time tracking should theoretically help managers make better business decisions, but the opposite is sometimes true, find Nicholas Lurie, assistant professor of marketing at Georgia Tech College of Management, and Jayashankar Swaminathan, an operations professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe frequent feedback provided by supply-chain monitoring tools like Radio Frequency Identification Technology - small chips attached to pallets, cases or individual product units for remote tracking - might cause managers to overreact to random fluctuations in demand, responding to the most recent data received instead of examining the bigger picture, explain the researchers in their working paper, \u0022Is Timely Information Always Better? The Effect of Feedback Frequency on Performance and Knowledge Acquisition.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If retailers could choose to receive a monthly, weekly or daily recap of Campbell\u0027s tomato soup sales, which recap frequency would they choose? Many would select the daily recap, thinking it would give them a competitive edge,\u0022 Lurie says. \u0022However, our study finds that when a manager is given more frequent information on product demand, decision-making performance actually decreases, particularly in environments characterized by a high degree of variability.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EReal-time feedback affects many types of business activities beyond supply-chain management. For example, online stock traders\u0027 performance seems to suffer from too much information. Previous research suggests that they tend to trade more frequently in response to price movements that might simply be random, Lurie notes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe and Swaminathan studied the effect of feedback frequency on performance using two computer-based experiments, in which subjects acted as newsvendors dealing with inventory orders, and a \u0022virtual factory\u0022 management simulation giving participants an opportunity to apply concepts such as inventory management, lot sizing, and process control in a realistic environment. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on their results, the researchers advise managers using technologies that provide frequent feedback to temper their reactions to the most recent data received. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information, contact Lurie at 404-894-4380 or \u003Ca href=\u0027mailto:nicholas.lurie@mgt.gatech.edu\u0027\u003Enicholas.lurie@mgt.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter:\u003C\/strong\u003E Brad Dixon, College of Management\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"While technological advances are enabling managers to track the flow of goods in the supply chain minute by minute, such close monitoring might not provide the benefits that many businesses expect, according to a new study.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Managers can overreact to minute-by-minute tracking"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2006-01-20 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-08T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-08T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73668":{"id":"73668","type":"image","title":"Nicholas Lurie","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73668"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/directory\/lurie.html","title":"Nicholas Lurie\\\u0027s Website"},{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech College of Management"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"41454":{"#nid":"41454","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Campus Safe After Bomb Scare","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Police and the Atlanta Police Department disposed of three explosive devices found on the Georgia Tech campus this morning.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAround 8:45am during routine grounds cleaning, a facilities worker picked up an item believed to be trash in the courtyard between the Glenn and Cloudman residence halls on the southeast side of campus and it exploded.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECampus Police were immediately notified, and the two residence halls were evacuated as a safety precaution.  Approximately 100 students were evacuated from the two residence halls. Many students were already in class at the time of the event.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETwo similar devices were found in the same area and the Atlanta Police and Fire Departments were called in to assess and contain the situation.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Atlanta Police Department bomb squad detonated the remaining two devices shortly before noon and students were allowed to re-enter the residence halls. The facility worker was taken to a clinic for evaluation and released.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Campus Police are investigating the incident with the Atlanta Police Department and are asking for anyone with information on the incident to contact them at 404-894-2500 or \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:crimetips@police.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Ecrimetips@police.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Three explosive devices found on the southeast side of campus"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The Georgia Tech Police and the Atlanta Police Department disposed of three explosive devices found on the Georgia Tech campus this morning.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Explosive devices found on southeast side of campus"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-10-10 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-10T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-10T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"}],"keywords":[{"id":"3097","name":"Bomb Scare"},{"id":"109","name":"Georgia Tech"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73658":{"#nid":"73658","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Jeffrey Skolnick To Lead New Center at Georgia Tech","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EOne of the world\u0027s leading researchers is joining the faculty at the Georgia Institute of Technology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJeffrey Skolnick, Ph.D., a renowned systems biologist and previously director of the Buffalo Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics at SUNY-Buffalo, will join the faculty of the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) this spring as the Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Computational Systems Biology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Computational systems biology is a foundation for the next revolution in biomedicine,\u0022 said Georgia Tech Provost Jean-Lou Chameau.  \u0022Dr. Skolnick\u0027s work is a perfect fit with the outstanding research already being conducted in nanotechnology and bioengineering here at Georgia Tech.  The addition of Dr. Skolnick and his team of researchers will help position Georgia Tech and the state as leaders in this important field.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Skolnick will bring with him 19 research scientists and technicians and more than $1.5 million in federal funding, primarily from the National Institutes of Health.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Georgia Tech and its School of Biology are doing some incredible work in cancer research,\u0022 said Dr. Skolnick.  \u0022The Institute has built a collaborative environment for meaningful interdisciplinary research especially in the areas of science, computing, and engineering.  The environment cuts across schools and research centers and offers opportunities to take new ideas, scientific breakthroughs, and business applications ideas from theory to practice.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to GRA President C. Michael Cassidy, systems biology is the foundation for the next wave of advances in biomedicine.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Dr. Skolnick is an entrepreneurial scholar whose research is critical to the future health of Georgians and Americans,\u0022 said C. Michael Cassidy, president of the Georgia Research Alliance.  \u0022He has relationships with pharmaceutical and technology companies, holds three patents, has developed and licensed software to biotech companies, and has founded an early stage structural proteomics company.  This is the mix of entrepreneurialism and scholarly acumen we seek in our scholars.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESystems biology is the integration of mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology with advanced, high performance computing and engineering and is focused on exploiting the vast information growing out of the sequencing of the human genome.  One practical example is that as a systems biologist, Dr. Skolnick brings a different scientific approach to creating new drugs.  Utilizing bioinformatics and systems biology, his method allows drug developers to reduce the number of compounds they must screen by a factor of 10.  This creates cost savings and can significantly shorten the time to market for new drugs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Skolnick and his team will be housed in the School of Biology, a unit in the College of Sciences.  As a part of his hiring, the Georgia Research Alliance will provide support for new technology and lab facilities for Dr. Skolnick and his team.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"One of the world\u0027s leading researchers is joining the faculty at Georgia Tech. Jeffrey Skolnick, renowned systems biologist and previous director of the Buffalo Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics at SUNY-Buffalo, will join the faculty of Tech this spring as the Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Computational Systems Biology.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tech opens Center for the Study of Systems Biology"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-14 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-14T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-14T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73659":{"id":"73659","type":"image","title":"Jeffrey Skolnick","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894385","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:45"}},"media_ids":["73659"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.gra.org\/homepage.asp","title":"Georgia Research Alliance"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"41455":{"#nid":"41455","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Gold Nanoparticles Show Anti-cancer Potential","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers from the University of California, San Francisco and Georgia Institute of Technology have found a new way to kill cancer cells. Building on their previous work that used gold nanoparticles to detect cancer, they now are heating the particles and using them as agents to destroy malignant cells.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers are a father and son, working together on opposite coasts. Their study findings are reported in the on-line edition of the journal Cancer Letters, found at Sciencedirect.com (quicksearch: El-Sayed nanoparticles).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In an earlier study we showed how gold nanoparticles could be bound to malignant cells, making cancer detection easier. Now we have examined how the particles\u0027 ability to absorb light helps kill those cancer cells,\u0022 said principal author Ivan El-Sayed, MD, assistant professor of otolaryngology at UCSF Medical Center.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIvan conducted the study with his father, Mostafa El-Sayed, PhD, director of the Laser Dynamics Laboratory and chemistry professor at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMany cancer cells have a protein, known as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), all over their surface, while healthy cells typically do not express the protein as strongly. By conjugating, or binding, the gold nanoparticles to an antibody for EGFR, suitably named anti-EGFR, the researchers were able to get the nanoparticles to specifically attach themselves to the cancer cells.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the new study, the researchers incubated two oral squamous carcinoma cell lines and one benign epithelial cell line with anti-EFGR conjugated gold nanoparticles and then exposed them to continuous visible argon laser. \u0022The malignant cells required less than half the laser energy to be killed than the benign cells,\u0022 said Ivan. \u0022In addition, we observed no photothermal destruction of any type of cell in the absence of gold nanoparticles at these low laser powers.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We now have the potential to design an \u0027all in one\u0027 active agent that can be used to noninvasively find the cancer and then kill it,\u0022 Ivan said. \u0022This holds great promise for a number of types of cancer.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There is the real potential to design instrumentation to allow noninvasive detection and treatment of the particles in living humans,\u0022 Mostafa said. \u0022The particles can be used to create multiple designer agents targeted toward specific cancers. Much work still needs to be done, but at some point, we hope to be able to inject these compounds into patients with cancer in a search-and-destroy mission. Finding cancers not apparent to the eye will help physicians detect cancers earlier. Exposing the cells to the correct amount of light would then cause destruction of the cancer cells only and leave the healthy cells alone.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe technique isn\u0027t toxic to human cells. \u0022Gold nanoparticles have been used in humans for 50 years,\u0022 Ivan said. \u0022For example, in the past, a radioactive form of colloidal gold has been used to search for cancerous lymph nodes.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Our technique is very simple and inexpensive-only a few cents worth of gold can yield results. We think it holds great promise to reduce the time, effort, and expense in cancer research, detection, and therapy in humans and under the microscope,\u0022 he added.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIvan, who sees many patients with oral cancers, hopes that in the not-too-distant future his research will pay off for his patients. \u0022Our best chance to save lives is to catch cancer and treat it early. Our work with gold nanoparticles may result in a valuable tool in fighting not only oral cancers, but also a number of other types, including stomach, colon and skin cancers.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research was supported by a grant from the Chemical Science, Geoscience and Biosciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Gold nanoparticles show potential for noninvasive cancer treatment"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers from the University of California, San Francisco and Georgia\nInstitute of Technology have found a new way to kill cancer cells. Building on their previous work that used gold nanoparticles to detect cancer, they now are heating the particles and using them as agents to destroy malignant cells.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Researchers see potential for new cancer treatment"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-10-10 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-10T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-10T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"41456":{"id":"41456","type":"image","title":"HOC Cancerous Cells","body":null,"created":"1449174312","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 20:25:12","changed":"1475894371","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:31","alt":"HOC Cancerous Cells","file":{"fid":"190062","name":"tho10761.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/tho10761.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/tho10761.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":390303,"path_740":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/images\/tho10761.jpg?itok=7gFr_GNE"}}},"media_ids":["41456"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"2185","name":"gold"},{"id":"2973","name":"nanoparticles"},{"id":"107","name":"Nanotechnology"},{"id":"365","name":"Research"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73654":{"#nid":"73654","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tech Students Spend Break Doing Hurricane Relief","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EAs many Americans take pains to complete their last-minute holiday shopping, a group of Georgia Tech students will be helping people whose homes were destroyed by Hurricane Katrina to rebuild their lives. It\u0027s the latest in a series of efforts by the students, faculty and staff of Georgia Tech to help those who were displaced by this season\u0027s storms.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn Sunday morning, December 18, 46 Georgia Tech students and three staff members will head to Mobile, AL, for a five-day trip to help residents clean up their flood damaged homes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We will be working in an area that was flooded by creeks as a result of the storm surge,\u0022 said Sarah Brackmann, assistant director of student involvement for the Office of Community Service (OCS). \u0022We\u0027ll be tearing sheetrock out of houses and cleaning up mold.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECivil engineering student and president of the Tech chapter of Engineering Students Without Borders Angharad Pagnon said that her group and the OCS began contacting government agencies and non-profit organizations just after Katrina hit to find the best way to provide aid. They were told there was a need on the outskirts of the damaged areas. They came in contact with an organization called Volunteer Mobile, and it was clear they needed the students\u0027 help, said Pagnon.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This is an area that has been overlooked, so far,\u0022 said Brackmann. \u0022These are people who received funds from FEMA, but the funds didn\u0027t cover everything.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBrackmann said students will be matched with their jobs for things like roofing, drywall and painting based on their skill level. \u0022A lot of the work we do will be flexible, as needed,\u0022 she said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo help prepare students for the experience, the Georgia Tech Research Institute held an orientation for student volunteers. They showed them photographs of the area and taught them about the potential health and safety hazards they may encounter on the site.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to raising more than $50,000 for relief efforts, students and the Institute have responded to the needs of the Gulf Coast in a myriad of ways. Shortly after Katrina, Tech provided food and shelter to 275 student evacuees from Tulane University. Volunteers from Tech helped many of them get to their hometowns and assisted others who needed help finding housing in Atlanta.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech also opened the Coliseum for the Red Cross to use as a temporary shelter. Several volunteers from campus coordinated activities for the children at the shelter, while trained caseworkers volunteered their time to help evacuees obtain needed resources. Members of the Christian Campus Fellowship (CCF) helped provide meals to the evacuees at the shelter.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the fall break, the Tech chapter of CCF organized a relief trip that delivered 225 student volunteers to four locations along the Gulf Coast. The organization worked with Tech\u0027s Student Health Services to provide tetanus shots for student volunteers, and the Counseling Center to provide orientation sessions. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEven though it\u0027s been months since the storms hit, Brackmann said the need for relief is ongoing. \u0022There\u0027s still going to be a lot of need for the future. We want to do future trips over the spring and summer. That will be when we can really get to rebuilding the infrastructure in the affected areas.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"As many Americans take pains to complete their last-minute holiday shopping, a group of Georgia Tech students will be helping people whose homes were destroyed by Hurricane Katrina to rebuild their lives.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Students will travel to Mobile"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-14 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-15T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-15T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73655":{"id":"73655","type":"image","title":"Hurricane Katrina","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894388","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:48"}},"media_ids":["73655"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.volunteermobile.org\/","title":"Volunteeer Mobile"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.gtccf.org\/","title":"Christian Campus Fellowsip"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.service.gatech.edu\/agencyPage.php?agencyID=188\u0026name=Community+Service+Office","title":"Office of Community Service"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73781":{"#nid":"73781","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech to Host Innovation Summit","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Southern Technology Council, the Council on Competitiveness, the Georgia Research Alliance and Georgia Institute of Technology will host an Innovation Summit on October 31, 2005.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis summit is the first of the regional summits that will discuss how to implement the National Innovation Initiatives recommended by a national summit last December.  The Council on Competitiveness will hold its 2005 national meeting in conjunction with this southeast summit.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech President Wayne Clough and BellSouth CEO Duane Ackerman will welcome business, government and thought leaders to the Georgia Tech campus.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe summit will concentrate on \u0022Exploring the South\u0027s Potential for Innovation Leadership.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMore than 20 prominent CEOs, university presidents and civic leaders will discuss the South\u0027s assets and needs to make the region an innovation leader.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhen:\u003C\/strong\u003E October 31, 2005 at 8 A.M. Eastern Standard Time\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhere:\u003C\/strong\u003E Georgia Tech Hotel and Conference Center - Technology Square\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\t  800 Spring Street NW\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWho: \u003C\/strong\u003E Prominent names in American business, labor, education and governance including:\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nF. Duane Ackerman, Chairman and CEO, BellSouth Corporation\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSandy K. Baruah, Acting Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nArden Bement Jr., Director, National Science Foundation\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nC. Garry Betty, President and CEO, Earthlink\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJames Blanchard, Chairman of the Board, Synovus\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGovernor Kathleen Blanco, Louisiana\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJim Clinton, Executive Director, Southern Growth Policies Board\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nMolly Corbett Broad, President, University of North Carolina\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nWilliam Brody, Chairman, National Innovation Initiative and President, Johns Hopkins University\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nC. Michael Cassidy, President and CEO, Georgia Research Alliance\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nG. Wayne Clough, President, Georgia Institute of Technology\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nEmily S. DeRocco, Assistant Secretary of Labor for Employment and Training\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nNicholas M. Donofrio, Executive Vice President, Innovation and Technology, IBM Corporation\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nRobert C. Dynes, President, University of California System\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nShirley Ann Jackson, President, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nE. Floyd Kvamme, Partner, Kleiner Perkins Caufield \u0026amp; Byers\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nC. Dan Mote Jr., President, University of Maryland\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nLori A. Perine, Executive Director, American Forest \u0026amp; Paper Association\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGovernor Sonny Purdue, Georgia\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nRobert Reynolds, Vice Chairman and COO, Fidelity Investments\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nJames B. Roberto, Deputy Director for Science and Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nMichael C. Ruettgers, Chairman of the Board, EMC Corporation\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nDavid A. Sampson, Deputy Secretary, U.S. Department of Commerce\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nCharles W. Steger Jr., President, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nDeborah L. Wince-Smith, President, Council on Competitiveness\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESummit Agenda:\u003C\/strong\u003E  \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/www.southern.org\/main\/STC\/SI2\/agenda.shtml\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.southern.org\/main\/STC\/SI2\/agenda.shtml\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ERSVP:\u003C\/strong\u003E  All members of the media interested in attending should RSVP to Georgia Tech Media Relations.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EContact:\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nMatt Nagel\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n404-894-7460\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0027mailto:matthew.nagel@icpa.gatech.edu\u0027\u003Ematthew.nagel@icpa.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout Southern Growth Policies Board\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSouthern Growth Policies Board is a non-partisan public policy think tank based in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Formed by the region\u0027s governors in 1971, Southern Growth Policies Board develops and advances visionary economic development policies by providing a forum for collaboration among a diverse cross-section of the region\u0027s governors, legislators, business and academic leaders and the economic- and community-development sectors. Supported by the governments of 13 southern states and Puerto Rico, Southern Growth provides its members, and the region, with authoritative research, discussion forums and pilot projects in the areas of technology and innovation, globalization, workforce development, community development, civic engagement and leadership. To learn more about Southern Growth Policies Board, visit \u003Ca href=\u0027www.southern.org\u0027\u003Ewww.southern.org\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout The Council on Competitiveness \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nAn organization of the top business, university and labor leaders in the United States, the  Council on Competitiveness is responsible for influencing the course of American competitiveness on regional, national and global scales. The Council stands unique in its ability to anticipate and respond to changing economic conditions through a series of comprehensive programs to maintain competitiveness and security, support innovation, benchmark national competitiveness and shape public policy. The Council is available on the Web at \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/www.compete.org\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.compete.org\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"The Innovation Summit for the southeast region will be held at the Georgia Tech Hotel and Conference Center October 31, 2005"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The Southern Technology Council, the Council on Competitiveness, the Georgia Research Alliance and Georgia Institute of Technology will host an Innovation Summit on October 31, 2005.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"The Summit will bring thought leaders to Atlanta"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-10-24 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-24T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-24T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.southern.org\/main\/STC\/SI2\/agenda.shtml","title":"Innovation Summit Agenda"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.compete.org\/","title":"Council on Competitiveness"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.southern.org\/","title":"Southern Growth Policies Board"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"}],"keywords":[{"id":"89","name":"chemistry"},{"id":"713","name":"Gender"},{"id":"167061","name":"symposium"},{"id":"973","name":"women"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73777":{"#nid":"73777","#data":{"type":"news","title":"AAAS and Georgia Tech Announce 2005 Fellows","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ESix Georgia Tech faculty members have been awarded the distinction of AAAS Fellow -- \u003Cstrong\u003EBarry Bozeman\u003C\/strong\u003E, Regents professor in School of Public Policy; \u003Cstrong\u003EJames Foley\u003C\/strong\u003E, professor and Stephen Fleming Chair in Telecommunications in College of Computing; \u003Cstrong\u003EJames Gole\u003C\/strong\u003E, professor in School of Physics; \u003Cstrong\u003ECharles Liotta\u003C\/strong\u003E, Regents professor in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; \u003Cstrong\u003EWillie Pearson Jr.\u003C\/strong\u003E, professor and chair, School of History , Technology and Society; and \u003Cstrong\u003EPeter J. Webster\u003C\/strong\u003E, professor in School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Election as a Fellow is an honor bestowed upon AAAS members by their peers.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year 376 members have been awarded this honor by AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) because of their scientifically or socially distinguished efforts to advance science or its applications. New Fellows will be presented with an official certificate and a gold and blue (representing science and engineering, respectively) rosette pin on Saturday, February 18 from 8 to 10 a.m. at the Fellows Forum during the 2006 AAAS Annual Meeting in St. Louis, Mo.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s AAAS Fellows will be announced in the AAAS News \u0026amp; Notes section of the journal Science on 28 October 2005.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Fellows from Georgia Tech are: \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EPeter J. Webster\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences section, for outstanding scientific discoveries of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system and for superior scientific and organizational leadership of international field campaigns.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJames L. Gole\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Chemistry section, for fundamental studies at the interface of chemistry, physics, and materials science in high temperature molecules, laser spectroscopy, sensors, porous silicon, and nanotechnology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECharles L. Liotta\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Industrial Science and Technology section, for distinguished contributions to the field of physical organic chemistry and for outstanding leadership and vision in enhancing academic and industrial research partnerships.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJames D. Foley\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Information, Computing, and Communication section, for early contributions to the fields of computer graphics and user interfaces.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWillie Pearson, Jr.\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Social, Economic, and Political Sciences section, for distinguished contributions to the scholarship of diversity in science and for promotion of broadened participation of underserved populations in the sciences.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBarry Bozeman\u003C\/strong\u003E, in the Social Impacts of Science and Engineering Section for distinguished contributions to scholarship, teaching, and mentoring in science and technology policy, particularly for research in evaluating the societal implications of research.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe tradition of AAAS Fellows began in 1874. Currently, members can be considered for the rank of Fellow if nominated by the Steering Groups of the Association\u0027s 24 sections, or by any three Fellows who are current AAAS members (so long as two of the three sponsors are not affiliated with the nominee\u0027s institution), or by the AAAS Chief Executive Officer. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEach Steering Group then reviews the nominations of individuals within its respective section and a final list is forwarded to the AAAS Council, which votes on the aggregate list. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Council is the policymaking body of the Association, chaired by the AAAS President, and consisting of the members of the Board of Directors, the Retiring Section Chairs, delegates from each electorate and each regional division, and two delegates from the National Association of Academies of Science.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is the world\u0027s largest general scientific society, and publisher of the journal, Science (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.sciencemag.org\u0022\u003Ewww.sciencemag.org\u003C\/a\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Six faculty awarded the distinction of AAAS Fellow"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Six faculty members at Georgia Tech have been awarded the distinction of AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Fellow. Election as a Fellow is an honor bestowed upon AAAS members by their peers.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Six faculty awarded the distinction of AAAS Fellow"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-10-27 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-27T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73778":{"id":"73778","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73778"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73769":{"#nid":"73769","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Management Undergrads Compete on mtvU Reality Show","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EFour undergraduate students at the College of Management are getting their literal 15 minutes of fame this fall on MTV\u0027s mtvU network, which is broadcast on college campuses nationwide. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThese marketing students - seniors Christin Hubbard and Matt Swanburg, junior Jason Nelson, and sophomore Vicki Rokhlin - are appearing on three segments of the five-minute program \u0022Quad Squads,\u0022 competing against four peers from the University of Georgia.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the first segment, which debuted October 10, they learned their challenge: To see which team can devise the best marketing plan aimed at college students for Amp\u0027d Mobile, a new phone company whose service allows customers to access broadband, play mp3s, and watch cable programs on their cellphones.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the second segment, which began airing October 31, \u0022Quad Squads\u0022 shows the progress the two teams have made. Pitted against each other because of their schools\u0027 longstanding athletic rivalry, the teams are competing for a $1,000 scholarship for each member, a trip to mtvU\u0027s Spring Break, and a year of free service from Amp\u0027d. The winner will be decided during the filming of the third segment Nov. 13 when the teams make their presentations to Amp\u0027d executives, who will consider using the winning concept in their product launch. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough each segment is only five minutes long, mtvU has spent numerous hours filming the Tech team, recording group meetings, conducting interviews, and following each student around campus. The team\u0027s members, who were recruited by Tech marketing faculty after mtvU contacted the school, have spent many more hours off-camera formulating their strategy, a six-week process with a $2,500 budget. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It\u0027s taken a huge chunk of time,\u0022 says Rokhlin, who figures it will all be worth it if they win. She recognizes that it will make terrific resume material regardless. \u0022This is going to look incredible.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe experience has been a \u0022reality\u0022 check for most team members. \u0022It\u0027s not really reality TV if you have to do everything three or four times,\u0022 Nelson notes. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBroadcast on campus only in dormitories, the Student Center and Recreation Center, mtvU\u0027s \u0022Quad Squads\u0022 can also be viewed on mtvU\u0027s Website \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/www.mtvu.com\/uber\/index.jhtml?name=live\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.mtvu.com\/uber\/index.jhtml?name=live\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter:\u003C\/strong\u003E Brad Dixon, College of Management\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Four undergraduate marketing students in the College of Management are appearing on MTV\u0027s mtvU network\u0027s program \u0022Quad Squads,\u0022 competing against peers from University of Georgia.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Four marketing students are on mtvU\u0027s Quad Squads"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-11-07 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:02:23","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73770":{"id":"73770","type":"image","title":"Management students appearing on mtvU\u0027s Quad Squad","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73770"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/index.html?link=logo","title":"College of Management"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73648":{"#nid":"73648","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Audio Signature Maker Creates Unique Music","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECreating music at Georgia Tech has just become a little easier for those who are tech savvy.  Jason Freeman, an assistant professor in the Music Department, recently created a program that utilizes iTunes to create a unique sonic signature of a person\u0027s musical taste.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I made a java-based application that anyone with a web browser and iTunes can go to and use this website to launch it,\u0022 said Freeman.  \u0022It takes about three to four minutes to churn through everything and make a signature of their music collection.  They can make it their cell phone ring tone or use it for their blog or their web page. They can email it to people. They can post it on the web page if they want.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe iTunes Signature Maker is a free software program that can run with most browsers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFreeman is a composer by nature and said he wanted to share his passion for music.  The application is a way for the average person to have a creative music experience.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I find it pretty accurate as a representation of the type of music I listen to,\u0022 said Freeman.  \u0022It is also an interesting piece of music in its own right. It is not something that stylistically would be bought in a bin at Wal-mart, but it is something that is very interesting to listen to.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFreeman said he came up with the idea because he didn\u0027t have a way to accurately tell people what his unique music tastes were.  The program allows him to simply let anyone listen to the signature that depicts his tastes through music.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe program uses iTunes to select the favorite tunes or most-listened-to songs of the individual creating the signature.  It then allows the user to select certain criteria for how the signature is made.  The signature can run anywhere from five seconds to five minutes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt has been a huge hit on the web and has even been featured on Marketplace, airing on public radio.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFreeman says he received a Rhizome Commission for the iTunes Signature and is proud of how many people have been touched by his latest invention.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There have been about 36,000 hits on the website and I\u0027m amazed,\u0022 said Freeman.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Rhizome Commissions Program is made possible by support from the Jerome Foundation in celebration of the Jerome Hill Centennial, the Greenwall Foundation, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information on iTunes Signature Maker, please visit \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/www.jasonfreeman.net\/itsm\/\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.jasonfreeman.net\/itsm\/\u003C\/a\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Music professor Jason Freeman created a unique program to share his passion for music"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Creating music at Georgia Tech has just become a little easier for those who are tech savvy.  Jason Freeman, an assistant professor in the Music Department, recently created a program that utilizes iTunes to create a unique sonic signature of a person\u0027s musical taste.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"New program uses iTunes to create unique signature"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-12-21 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:01:33","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-21T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-21T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73649":{"id":"73649","type":"image","title":"Assistant Professor Jason Freeman","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894200","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:36:40"}},"media_ids":["73649"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/rhizome.org\/new_to_rhizome\/","title":"Rhizome"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/music\/","title":"Georgia Tech Music Department"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.jasonfreeman.net\/itsm\/","title":"iTunes Signature Maker"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73763":{"#nid":"73763","#data":{"type":"news","title":"GTISC to Host Wireless Security Summit","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Information Security Center (GTISC)announces that it will host the Wireless Security Summit on Tuesday, November 15, 2005 at 10:00 a.m. at the Global Learning \u0026amp; Conference Center on the Georgia Tech campus. One of the fastest-growing and most dynamic areas in the technology industry today, wireless voice and data networks provide consumers and businesses with more efficient means and easier access for conducting phone calls, sending or receiving information via email, or simply surfing the Internet.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022GTISC is committed to raising awareness and educating consumers and enterprises alike to the security issues associated with emerging and growing technologies,\u0022 said Mustaque Ahamad, director of GTISC. \u0022The Wireless Security Summit is an important forum for leading executives and experts across all areas of the wireless spectrum to come together and examine the security concerns and possible solutions for this high-growth industry. We wish to thank the executives from CNN.com, AirDefense, BellSouth, Children\u0027s Healthcare of Atlanta, Cingular Wireless, InterContinental Hotels Group, Internet Security Systems and RF Micro Devices for participating in the Summit and sharing their expertise with us.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMitch Gelman, senior vice president and executive producer of CNN.com, will deliver the Summit\u0027s keynote address. Gelman will discuss the global impact and risks of wireless technologies from the perspective as one of the world\u0027s leaders in online news and information delivery. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, the Summit\u0027s executive panel will examine the security challenges associated with wireless technologies and highlight potential approaches for mitigating them from the perspectives of the end user, service provider, security leader and wireless component developer. The following industry leaders will participate in the panel discussion, moderated by Steve Zimba, BellSouth\u0027s [NYSE: BLS] director of voice strategy:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 David Thomas, vice president of product management and field engineering for AirDefense;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 Jack Storey, vice president and chief information officer for Children\u0027s Healthcare of Atlanta;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 Kelly Williams, executive director, technology strategy for Cingular Wireless;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 John Copeland, the John H. Weitnauer, Jr. Technology Transfer Chair for the Georgia Tech School of Electrical and Computer Engineering;\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 Gustaaf Schrils, vice president of technology for InterContinental Hotels Group [LON: IHG, NYSE: IHG (ADRs)];\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 Chris Rouland, chief technology officer for Internet Security Systems [NASDAQ: ISSX]; and\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00b7 Jerry Neal, executive vice president of marketing and strategic development, and co-founder of RF Micro Devices [NASDAQ: RFMD]. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Wireless Security Summit is part of GTISC\u0027s semi-annual security summit series. In addition to raising security awareness within the technology industry, the summit series enables GTISC researchers to define and develop new research efforts for security challenges that are prevalent in today\u0027s technology-driven environment. For more information about the GTISC Wireless Security Summit and its participants, please visit \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/gtisc.gatech.edu\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/gtisc.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAbout GTISC \u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nThe Georgia Tech Information Security Center, a National Center of Academic Excellence in Information Assurance Education, is an interdisciplinary center involving faculty from the College of Computing, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI), the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, and the School of Public Policy.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Keynote address and executive panel to discuss security issues and solutions for high-growth technology"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech Information Security Center hosts Wireless Security Summit with speakers from AirDefense, BellSouth, CNN.com, Children\u0027s Healthcare of Atlanta, Cingular Wireless, InterContinental Hotels Group, Internet Security Systems and RF Micro Devices.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Summit features wireless technology leaders"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-10-31 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-31T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-10-31T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73764":{"id":"73764","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73764"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/gtisc.gatech.edu\/","title":"GTISC"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"40529":{"#nid":"40529","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Leadership Georgia Tech Sets Innovative Approach","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EPresident Wayne Clough, keynote speaker at Leadership Georgia Tech, said it is important that engineers be leaders. He said the Institute strives to produce students and engineers who are leaders and who, in turn, will be a resource to the nation. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech Alumni Association Chairman William J. \u0022Bill\u0022 Goodhew and Alumni President Joseph P. Irwin welcomed the 68 club officers representing 48 alumni clubs from around the country who attended the annual conference held Oct. 6 and 7. The event is a forum that promotes innovative strategies and techniques for building stronger organizations. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAwards were presented to alumni clubs that excelled in competitive activities, including scholarship participation and Roll Call support. Twenty clubs advanced through the Alumni Clubs\u0027 tier program: Arizona; California\u0027s Orange County and San Diego; Florida\u0027s Emerald Coast, Central Florida, Fort Myers\/Naples, Miami and Palm Beaches; West Georgia, Athens, Augusta, LaGrange and Marietta, Ga.; Indianapolis; Motor City, Mich.; Twin Cities, Minn.; Gateway (St. Louis); Cincinnati; and Chattanooga and Memphis, Tenn. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERamblin\u0027 Wreck Volunteer of the Year awards were presented to Troy W. Rice, IE 01, president of the Palm Beach, Fla., club, and Murray L. Schine, Text 68, LaGrange, Ga., club president.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech Alumni Association Chairman William J. \u0022Bill\u0022 Goodhew and Alumni President Joseph P. Irwin welcomed the 68 club officers representing 48 alumni clubs from around the country who attended the annual conference held Oct. 6 and 7.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Alumni clubs"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-11-30 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-01T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-01T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"40530":{"id":"40530","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449174210","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 20:23:30","changed":"1475894206","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:36:46","alt":"Tech Tower","file":{"fid":"100294","name":"tpp61966.jpg","image_path":"\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/tpp61966.jpg","image_full_path":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/tpp61966.jpg","mime":"image\/jpeg","size":48842,"path_740":"http:\/\/www.tlwarc.hg.gatech.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/740xx_scale\/public\/images\/tpp61966.jpg?itok=ZRehd8YS"}}},"media_ids":["40530"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/gtalumni.org\/site\/","title":"Alumni Association"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"130","name":"Alumni"},{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"}],"keywords":[{"id":"506","name":"alumni"},{"id":"101","name":"Award"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EJohn Dunn\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003EAlumni Association\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:john.dunn@alumni.gatech.edu\u0022\u003EContact John Dunn\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-0760\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["john.dunn@alumni.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73833":{"#nid":"73833","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Research Shows How Water May Enhance Catalysis","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have uncovered important evidence that explains how water, usually an inhibitor of catalytic reactions, can sometimes promote them. The findings could lead to fewer constraints on reaction conditions potentially leading to the development of lower cost techniques for certain industrially important catalytic reactions. The results appear in the September 6, 2005 issue of Physical Review Letters.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Normally, in most catalytic reactions, water can stop the reaction. It kills the catalyst,\u0022 said Uzi Landman, director of the Center for Computational Materials Science,  Regents\u0027  and Institute professor and Callaway chair of physics at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd that\u0027s a big problem because ensuring that a reaction is water-free can add to production costs. Many catalytic reactions occur at high temperatures, which evaporates the water, said Landman. \u0022However, any time that the reaction temperature is lowered and there\u0027s humidity unfavorable effects may occur. You hope that when you heat the reaction up that the adsorbed water will come off, but sometimes it doesn\u0027t. Sometimes the adsorption of water leads to an irreversible modification, such as oxidation, and deactivation of the catalyst. It\u0027s poison; it poisons the catalyst,\u0022 he said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the late 1980\u0027s, Japanese scientist Masatake Haruta discovered that small particles of gold (which is chemically inert in bulk form and normally not a catalyst) are chemically very reactive. He also found that water can promote this catalytic activity.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the late 1990\u0027s, Landman\u0027s group has been using advanced quantum mechanical computational methods to investigate how and why nanoclusters of gold act as chemical catalysts under dry conditions. This led to certain predictions that were verified experimentally by Ulrich Heiz\u0027s group, who is now at the Technical University of Munich. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EEarlier this year, the two groups co-authored a paper in the journal Science. It showed theoretical and experimental evidence of the role of charging on the catalytic activity of gold nanoclusters made of eight atoms when they are bonded to naturally occurring oxygen vacancy defects on a magnesia surface that supports the gold. In the recent Physical Review Letters paper, the Georgia Tech group has made theoretical predictions on how a single water molecule can catalytically enhance a low-temperature reaction that turns carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing computer simulations, Landman and post doctoral fellow Angelo Bongiorno, found that the water molecule enhances the binding of an oxygen molecule to an eight atom gold nanocluster, either free or supported on an undefective magnesia substrate. The water molecule catalytically activates the aforementioned oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide. In the earlier studies on gold nanoclusters, defects in the support surface were required to give the gold a slight negative charge. In this latest study, the presence of a water molecule makes that requirement unnecessary.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHere\u0027s how it works: the structure of the water molecule, H-O-H, is such that the end with the oxygen atom has a slight negative charge, while the two hydrogen atoms are positively charged. In the quantum molecular dynamics simulation, the negatively charged oxygen side of the water molecule bonds to one of the gold atoms, leaving the positively charged hydrogens of the water molecule dangling. Subsequently, an oxygen molecule (made of two oxygen atoms) binds favorably to a neighboring gold atom of the cluster and gets a slight negative charge in the process.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis results in an adsorbed slightly negatively charged oxygen molecule near one of the positively charged hydrogen atoms of the adsorbed water molecule.  Since, in chemistry, (as in love) opposites attract, the two get together. So the oxygen pulls a proton (a positively charged hydrogen) from the water molecule resulting in formation of a hydroperoxyl (OOH) group and a hydroxyl (OH).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENow, this relationship can\u0027t last because the addition of the hydrogen to the oxygen molecule to form OOH weakens the bond between the two oxygen atoms.  All it takes to break that bond is a carbon monoxide molecule approaching from the gas phase, which bonds to one of the oxygens of the OOH to form carbon dioxide. This leaves the proton to return to the hydroxyl to reform the water molecule. The product carbon dioxide desorbes readily from the surface, and the left over oxygen atom stays bonded to the gold. But this single oxygen atom is very active (as singles often are) and is easily led away when another carbon monoxide comes along to bond with it to make a second carbon dioxide molecule.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This reaction opens the door to a completely new idea; that polar molecules, like water, or molecules that are good proton donors may show us new channels of reactivity,\u0022 said Landman. \u0022We may be able to take other catalytic reactions and use water as a promoter under some selective conditions,\u0022 added Bongiorno.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In the future, we want to test the effect of multiple water molecules to see if there is a limit to how many water molecules can enhance reactions. In this case, we used magnesium oxide as a substrate. We\u0027d like to know if the effect limited to that substrate or will it work with others?,\u0022 the two researchers said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECaption:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIllustration of reaction turning carbon monoxide (CO) into carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E) using a water molecule (H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E0) to enhance the catalytic activity of an eight-atom nanocluster of gold. Color key: oxygen atoms = red; hydrogen atoms = white; carbon atoms = aquamarine; gold atoms = gold; and magnesium atoms = green.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E(a)     H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E0 (in red and white) approaches a nanocluster of eight gold atoms supported on a defect-free magnesium oxide surface.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(b)     The oxygen atom of the H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E0 binds to the gold, leaving its positively charged hydrogen atoms dangling. Meanwhile an oxygen molecule (O\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E) bonds to the gold at another location with one of the oxygen attached directly to the gold cluster. The adsorbed oxygen molecule acquires a slight negative charge.  An approaching  CO molecule (red and green) is shown at the top.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(c)     The dangling end of the oxygen molecule attracts a positively charged hydrogen atom off the H20 resulting in a hydroperoxyl group (OOH) and leaving a hydroxyl (OH) where H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E0 was.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(d)     The carbon atom of the CO binds to the OOH, which causes the hydrogen atom to head on its way to join back with the OH to reform H\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E0.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have uncovered important evidence that explains how water, usually an inhibitor of catalytic reactions, can sometimes promote them. The findings could lead to fewer constraints on reaction conditions potentially leading to the development of lower cost techniques for certain industrially important catalytic reactions. The results appear in the September 6, 2005 issue of Physical Review Letters.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Findings may lead to lower cost  reactions"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-06 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73834":{"id":"73834","type":"image","title":"Reaction","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73834"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/people\/faculty\/ulandman.html","title":"Uzi Landman"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73829":{"#nid":"73829","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Aids Katrina Relief Effort","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe aftermath of hurricane Katrina has caused hardships for thousands of residents of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama.  Americans are banding together to help their fellow citizens in many different ways.  Whether they are donating money or time, collecting supplies or providing shelter, everyone is trying to do their part.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EUniversities across the country are playing a unique role in the relief effort by providing shelter, resources and comfort to those who were affected by Katrina\u0027s devastation.  The Georgia Tech community has offered its services and talents to help evacuees through a difficult time.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPresident Wayne Clough says he\u0027s proud of the University and the Atlanta community for their efforts to help out.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The Georgia Tech community has made a great effort to respond quickly and diligently to the needs of the evacuees from Katrina,\u0022 said Clough. \u0022Our Students, faculty and staff demonstrated a deep sense of humanity in their caring approach to helping those who have been impacted by the hurricane.  I\u0027ve never been more proud of Georgia Tech.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Institute has opened its doors to evacuees from the Gulf Coast.  Among the first evacuees to Tech were 275 students from Tulane University that arrived on campus needing food and shelter.  Some Tulane students remain in the area, while others have moved on to family or friends for their accommodations.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech has enrolled 65 students from Tulane and the University of New Orleans.  There are more students that maybe processed in the coming days and weeks.  The College of Architecture has accepted seven Tulane students into its program at Georgia Tech.  Not all of them are registered yet, but they are attending classes. Mechanical Engineering has accepted five graduate students as transient students for the fall semester.   Biomedical Engineering has accepted two undergraduates and one graduate student from Tulane. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EJustin Harper, a computer science student, created a Web Site (\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.katrina-survivor.com\u0022 title=\u0022www.katrina-survivor.com\u0022\u003Ewww.katrina-survivor.com\u003C\/a\u003E) to help evacuees locate family members and friends.  There are over 14,000 survivors registered. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESeveral fund-raising campaigns are underway to help with the relief effort.  The Office of Community Service is encouraging students to donate $5 and faculty, staff and alumni to donate $10 to the relief efforts.  Their goal is to raise $50,000 across the campus community.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs part of the effort, several student organizations have signed up to collect monetary donations on the Skiles Walkway from September 6 - September 20. In addition, money was collected at the University of North Carolina home game. Students will continue raising funds at the University of Connecticut game on Saturday, September 17. Students are also collecting clothes and other supplies to send to those in need.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech community has played a large part in helping the Red Cross at the Georgia Tech Coliseum.  Several volunteers from campus coordinated activities for the children at the shelter, while trained caseworkers and volunteered their time to help evacuees obtain needed resources.  Members of the Campus Christian Fellowship helped provide meals to the evacuees at the shelter.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EClough says he knows Georgia Tech will be ready to help throughout the rebuilding process.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There will be more challenges for the Georgia Tech community to meet in the coming weeks, months and years.  I know our institution is up to the task, and we\u0027ll be ready to lend a helping hand when we are needed.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPlans are already underway to make trips later this school year to help rebuild the region devastated by Katrina.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe College of Architecture has initiated discussions to offer Tulane architecture faculty members visiting scholar status for the semester and possible part-time employment.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMaterials Science and Engineering is assisting several University of New Orleans professors in getting NSF funding needed to continue their research at Tech.  NSF is preparing guidelines so that displaced professors can work.  These professors have previously worked with Professor Z.L. Wang, who is exploring the possibility of having them work out of the Tech campus.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"The campus community pulls together to help those in need"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"The aftermath of hurricane Katrina has caused hardships for thousands of residents of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama.  Americans are banding together to help their fellow citizens in many different ways.  Whether they are donating money or time, collecting supplies or providing shelter, everyone is trying to do their part.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Universities play key role in aiding evacuees"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-09-13 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-13T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-13T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73830":{"id":"73830","type":"image","title":"Katrina Evacuee","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73830"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.katrina-survivor.com\/","title":"Katrina Survivor Registry"},{"url":"http:\/\/service.gatech.edu\/","title":"Office of Community Service"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73919":{"#nid":"73919","#data":{"type":"news","title":"New Physics Chair Takes the Helm","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EMei-Yin Chou is the new chair of Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Physics. The professor of theoretical condensed matter physics begins her new post this month. She follows Ron Fox, who will remain at the School as a Regents\u0027 professor of physics.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I\u0027m delighted that Mei-Yin has accepted the position as chair,\u0022 said Provost Jean-Lou Chameau. \u0022She is an exceptional scholar and has great leadership potential. I am excited about the future of the physics program under her leadership and look forward to supporting her drive toward continued success.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EChou said one of the first orders of business will be to continue the growth of the School. Work is being done to build a biophysics program that she hopes to have in place within the next few years.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022In the past, the traditional way of looking at bio-related phenomena has been by using the biologist\u0027s point-of-view,\u0022 she explained. \u0022But there\u0027s a way physics can contribute: mainly by using experimental techniques developed for physics as well as applying methods in theoretical physics to the study of biological systems.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWorking with the faculty, Chou said the School plans to identify one or two more areas for expansion as well as strengthen existing research groups by hiring faculty members who \u0022define the field.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe School of Physics currently has 27 full-time academic faculty members. Chou said she hopes to increase that to about 40 in five to seven years.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Physics must continue to play a vital role in the institutional development of Georgia Tech by performing frontier research and by providing an outstanding educational environment,\u0022 she said. \u0022Our strengths are that we have very good faculty members and scientists. This is a good intellectual group. We want to improve the community so faculty and students will feel this is a productive environment. I\u0027m a strong believer that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Mei-Yin Chou is the new chair of Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Physics. The professor of theoretical condensed matter physics begins her new post this month.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Mei-Yin Chou is Tech\u0027s new chair of physics"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-07-12 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73920":{"id":"73920","type":"image","title":"Mei-Yin Chou","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894683","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:43"}},"media_ids":["73920"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/people\/faculty\/mchou.html","title":"Mei-Yin Chou"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.physics.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Physics"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73822":{"#nid":"73822","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Students Pitch in to Bring Water to Honduras Area","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhile most college students spent their summer vacation lounging on a sun-drenched beach or hanging out by the pool, a group of Georgia Tech engineering students walked the sweltering streets of a community in Honduras in search of a good path for a water pipeline.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough it might not have been a relaxing week, the students realized that even the basic engineering skills they had learned in their studies so far could help transform a community in a developing country. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I learned more in a few days than I could have learned in a year of school,\u0022 said Laura Premenko, an undergraduate student majoring in both civil engineering and architecture. \u0022We saw the conditions, saw how everything works, and we measured and dug holes. We tangibly figured out what needed to be done.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe students were all members of the Georgia Tech chapter of Engineering Students Without Borders (ESWB), a national student organization that encourages students to lend their engineering know-how to communities in developing countries. The group included Michael Saunders, a professor in Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, four undergraduate students and one graduate student.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EResidents in the area, in a community near La Lima called Colonia Los Angeles, had appealed to the national organization of ESWB for help with its very basic and possibly contaminated water system. The area had annexed itself from the main city, electing to handle its own utilities due to the difficult expense of obtaining services from the city. To save money, the community installed and now maintains its own water system, complete with an elevated water tower, submerged pump in an available well and a PVC-pipe distribution system.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe project goal was to bring much cleaner water to 185 homes (with about 1,200 residents) in the community. When the Georgia Tech group arrived, the community asked them to help with three primary objectives - checking its pump, fixing the power and improving the distribution system. It was also using a very old and inadequate water tower that made improvement difficult, Saunders said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWith the current water system, the community can afford to provide itself with water five hours in the morning and three hours in the afternoon. When water is unavailable, residents store water in their pila (multi-purpose basins) or buckets. Without these waters, they would have to go down to a nearby river. But the river is dangerously contaminated with untreated wastewater from the community, which is dumped directly into the river from the sewer.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis became one of the group\u0027s top priorities.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The sewage goes right into the creek that runs alongside the town,\u0022 Premenko said. \u0022When they don\u0027t have water, they go to the creek. We would even see kids playing there and eating mangos - it was horrible.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile in Honduras, the students gathered as much data as possible, focusing on site assessment, pipe and distribution-system measurements, and extensive water-quality investigations of well water and water in the distribution system. And with friendly help from many of the community\u0027s children and adults, the ESWB students also managed to establish a map the entire area during their visit.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce the total water project cost has been assessed based on the findings, the group can determine how much additional funding they will need to complete various aspects of the project. The system may need a new water tower, a completely new piping system, a disinfection approach for the water, a well capacity study and possibly a new pumping system. To implement as many improvements as possible, the students developed a fundraising package to help drum up extra funding from businesses and organizations.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022That\u0027s one of the things I liked most about this project,\u0022 said Brenda Vargas, an undergraduate student of civil engineering and out-going president of the Georgia Tech chapter of ESWB. \u0022It involves so many aspects of being an engineer. You\u0027re going out and helping someone, you\u0027re doing engineering, you\u0027re doing management, and you\u0027re finding a way to pay for it.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo complete their summer activities, students on the site assessment team made a technical presentation at the annual conference of the Georgia Association of Water Professionals in July. The team is seeking input and technical assistance and oversight from them and other professionals across the state, region and United States.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe next step of the project will be a feasibility assessment to determine the best way to solve the community\u0027s water problems. The group has tentative plan to return to La Lima later this year or early next year to focus on implementing solutions for the problems they found during the summer trip.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe trip was both a valuable learning experience for students and a way to open engineering students\u0027 eyes to how they can use their knowledge to improve lives, Saunders said, and students in institutions like Georgia Tech can be an important tool.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These communities really need a bunch of \u0027talented techies\u0027 to solve their problems, and we\u0027ve got plenty at Georgia Tech,\u0022 Saunders said.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"A group of Georgia Tech students from Engineering Students Without Borders have started a multi-phase project to bring better water to a community in Honduras.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Students use engineering skills to help community"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-09-13 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-14T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-14T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73823":{"id":"73823","type":"image","title":"Tech students with local helpers","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73824":{"id":"73824","type":"image","title":"A water tower in Colonia Los Angeles","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73823","73824"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/cyberbuzz.gatech.edu\/ESWB\/","title":"Georgia Tech Chapter of Engineering Students Without Borders"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73921":{"#nid":"73921","#data":{"type":"news","title":"New Joint Degree in Econ \u0026 Int\u0027l Affairs Launches","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThis fall Georgia Tech\u0027s Ivan Allen College of liberal arts will launch a new joint degree program aimed at giving students more of the sought after policy analysis and strategic planning skills in economics and international affairs that employers prefer. The new Bachelor of Science in Economics and International Affairs (EIA) is an interdisciplinary program combining the strengths of the School of Economics and the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs. The program will provide graduates with a unique perspective and understanding of the global community and economy in which they live. The core curriculum includes courses in economics and international affairs, foreign language, social and natural science, mathematics, computer science and humanities. This comprehensive curriculum will provide EIA graduates with skills in strategic planning and analysis in economics and international affairs.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Students are interested in making their degrees stand out, and they see the merits of joint degrees with rewards in the marketplace,\u0022 says Molly Cochran, associate profess and director of undergraduate programs in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs. \u0022The Economics and International Affairs graduate will have strong policy analysis skills as well as strong math, science and computer science skills, making them very attractive to employers.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStudents will be required to take two senior capstone courses, jointly taught by International Affairs and Economics professors, providing students with a unique perspective on theory and research in the field.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The new Economics and International affairs degree leverages the strengths of the faculty in both schools,\u0022 said Willie Belton, associate professor and undergraduate director in the School of Economics. \u0022In Economics we have a significant number of faculty who focus on international economics and international development and in International Affairs many of their faculty\u0027s expertise are in political economies of specific countries and regions.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022When you study international affairs, your level of analysis is usually the nation state, and you really can\u0027t conceive of the nation state as a political entity without understanding the role that economics plays,\u0022 says Andrew Miles, a senior who recently changed his major from International Affairs to Economics and International Affairs. \u0022I took three economics courses before I knew this new major existed. The practical side of me felt that adding economics to my degree would make me more marketable in the private sector.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe new EIA joint degree is the newest of several new joint degrees offered by schools in Ivan Allen College, including bachelor\u0027s degrees in International Affairs and Modern Languages, Global Economics and Modern Languages, and Computational Media.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EIvan Allen College of Liberal Arts\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nIvan Allen College, the liberal arts college of Georgia Tech, was founded in 1990 to provide a strong liberal arts dimension for all Tech students and to permit focused majors in humanities and social sciences, with an international, technological and professional emphasis. The College is named for the late Ivan Allen Jr., who represented the essence of \u0022the new South\u0022 and, among other achievements, is credited with helping ease racial tension in Atlanta during his two terms as mayor.  Ivan Allen College includes the Schools of Economics; History, Technology and Society; the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs; Literature, Communication and Culture; Modern Languages; and Public Policy as well as Air Force, Army, and Navy Reserve Officers\u0027 Training Corps (ROTC) units.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Prepares students for careers in international business, government or public service"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"This fall Georgia Tech\u0027s Ivan Allen College of liberal arts launches a new joint degree program aimed at giving students more of the sought after policy analysis and strategic planning skills in economics and international affairs that employers prefer.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Grads to understand global community and economy"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-07-12 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73922":{"id":"73922","type":"image","title":"Student with flags","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894683","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:43"}},"media_ids":["73922"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.iac.gatech.edu\/","title":"Ivan Allen College"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.econ.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Economics"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.inta.gatech.edu\/","title":"Sam Nunn School of International Affairs"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73817":{"#nid":"73817","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Hurricanes Are Getting Stronger, Study Says","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes worldwide has nearly doubled over the past 35 years, even though the total number of hurricanes has dropped since the 1990s, according to a study by researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The shift occurred as global sea surface temperatures have increased over the same period. The research will appear in the September 16 issue of the journal Science, published by the AAAS, the science society, the world\u0027s largest general scientific organization.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPeter Webster, professor at Georgia Tech\u0027s School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, along with NCAR\u0027s Greg Holland and Tech\u0027s Judith Curry and Hai-Ru Chang, studied the number, duration and intensity of hurricanes (also known as typhoons or tropical cyclones) that have occurred worldwide from 1970 to 2004. The study was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022What we found was rather astonishing,\u0022 said Webster. \u0022In the 1970\u0027s, there was an average of about 10 Category 4 and 5 hurricanes per year globally. Since 1990, the number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes has almost doubled, averaging 18 per year globally.\u0022  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECategory 4 hurricanes have sustained winds from 131 to 155 miles per hour; Category 5 systems, such as Hurricane Katrina at its peak over the Gulf of Mexico, feature winds of 156 mph or more.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022This long period of sustained intensity change provides an excellent basis for further work to understand and predict the potential responses of tropical cyclones to changing environmental conditions\u0022, said NCAR\u0027s Holland.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Category 4 and 5 storms are also making up a larger share of the total number of hurricanes,\u0022 said Curry, chair of the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Georgia Tech and co-author of the study. \u0022Category 4 and 5 hurricanes made up about 20 percent of all hurricanes in the 1970\u0027s, but over the last decade they account for about 35 percent of these storms.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe largest increases in the number of intense hurricanes occurred in the North Pacific, Southwest Pacific and the North and South Indian Oceans, with slightly smaller increases in the North Atlantic Ocean.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAll this is happening as sea-surface temperatures are rising across the globe-anywhere from around one-half to one degree Fahrenheit, depending on the region, for hurricane seasons since the 1970\u0027s.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Our work is consistent with the concept that there is a relationship between increasing sea surface temperature and hurricane intensity,\u0022 said Webster. \u0022However, it\u0027s not a simple relationship. In fact, it\u0027s difficult to explain why the total number of hurricanes and their longevity has decreased during the last decade, when sea surface temperatures have risen the most.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022NCAR is now embarking on a focused series of computer experiments capable of resolving thunderstorms and the details of tropical cyclones,\u0022 said Holland. \u0022The results will help explain the observed intensity changes and extend them to realistic climate change scenarios.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe only region that is experiencing more hurricanes overall is the North Atlantic, where they have become more numerous and longer-lasting, especially since 1995. The North Atlantic has averaged eight to nine hurricanes per year in the last decade, compared to the six to seven per year before the increase.  Category 4 and 5 hurricanes in the North Atlantic have increased at an even faster clip: from 16 in the period of 1975-89 to 25 in the period of 1990-2004, a rise of 56 percent.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA study published in July in the journal Nature came to a similar conclusion. Focusing on North Atlantic and North Pacific hurricanes, Kerry Emanuel (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) found an increase in their duration and power, although it used a different measurement to determine a storm\u0027s power.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut whether all of this is due to human-induced global warming is still uncertain, said Webster. \u0022We need a longer data record of hurricane statistics, and we need to understand more about the role hurricanes play in regulating the heat balance and circulation in the atmosphere and oceans.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Basic physical reasoning and climate model simulations and projections motivated this study,\u0022 said Jay Fein, director of NSF\u0027s climate and large scale dynamics program, which funded the research.  \u0022These results will stimulate further research into the complex natural and anthropogenic processes influencing these tropical cyclone trends and characteristics.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWebster is currently attempting to determine the basic role of hurricanes in the climate of the planet. \u0022The thing they do more than anything is cool the oceans by evaporating the water and then redistributing the oceans\u0027 tropical heat to higher latitudes,\u0022 he said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022But we don\u0027t know a lot about how evaporation from the oceans\u0027 surface works when the winds get up to around 100 miles per hour, as they do in hurricanes,\u0022 said Webster, who adds that this physical understanding will be crucial to connecting trends in hurricane intensity to overall climate change.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If we can understand why the world sees about 85 named storms a year and not, for example, 200 or 25, then we might be able to say that what we\u0027re seeing is consistent with what we\u0027d expect in a global warming scenario. Without this understanding, a forecast of the number and intensity of tropical storms in a future warmer world would be merely statistical extrapolation.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAddtional Contacts:\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAnatta, Media Relations\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:anatta@ucar.edu\u0022\u003Eanatta@ucar.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n303-497-8604\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nNational Center for Atmospheric Research\/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECheryl Dybas, Public Affairs\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:cdybas@nsf.gov\u0022\u003Ecdybas@nsf.gov\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n703-292-7734\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nNational Science Foundation \u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"The number of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes worldwide has nearly doubled over the past 35 years as global sea surface temperatures have risen.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Storm severity rises along with sea surface temps"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-15 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-15T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-15T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73818":{"id":"73818","type":"image","title":"Intensity Graph","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"},"73819":{"id":"73819","type":"image","title":"Hurricane Katrina","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73818","73819"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/curry.eas.gatech.edu\/","title":"Judy Curry"},{"url":"http:\/\/webster.eas.gatech.edu\/","title":"Peter Webster"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73914":{"#nid":"73914","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Two Tech Professors Named Top 10 Innovators","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EDuring a special \u0022Top Innovators\u0022 Awards Luncheon on July 12, \u003Cem\u003EAtlanta Woman Magazine\u003C\/em\u003E named two Georgia Tech professors to its annual list of Top 10 Innovators.  \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EBarbara D. Boyan\u003C\/strong\u003E, the Price Gilbert Jr. Chair in Tissue Engineering in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University, deputy director of research for the Georgia Tech\/Emory Center for the Engineering of Living Tissues and a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar, was selected as a Top Innovator in science.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBoyan joined the faculty of the Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering in 2002 as the Price Gilbert Jr. Chair in Tissue Engineering and is an adjunct professor in the Department of Orthopedics at Emory University. She is a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar and deputy director of research at the Georgia Tech-Emory Center for the Engineering of Living Tissue. She is the founder of the Biomedical Development Corp. and OsteoBiologics, Inc.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA recognized authority on bone mineralization, Boyan is among the leading researchers working in the area of bone and cartilage cell biology in the field of orthopedic and oral health. Boyan\u0027s research interests involve the mechanism of action of hormones and growth factors in chondrocytes, which form cartilage, and osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells; normal and pathologic calcification; tissue engineering; and response of cells to biomaterials.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EElizabeth D. Mynatt\u003C\/strong\u003E, associate professor in the College of Computing and director of the Graphics, Visualization and Usability (GVU) Center at Georgia Tech, has been named the Top Innovator in technology by Atlanta \u003Cem\u003EWoman Magazine\u003C\/em\u003E.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMynatt is an internationally recognized expert in the areas of ubiquitous computing and assistive technologies - examining the social and design implications of having computer technology continuously present in many aspects of everyday life. As one of the principal researchers in the Aware Home Research Initiative, she investigates the design of future home technologies, especially those that enable older adults to continue living independently as opposed to moving to an institutional care setting. Mynatt has also played a pivotal role in creating the new Ph.D. program in Human-Centered Computing (HCC) - the first program of its kind that brings together studies in human-computer interaction (HCI), learning sciences and technology, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, robotics, software engineering, and information security.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMynatt was recently appointed director of the Georgia Tech Graphics, Visualization and Usability Center, a campus-wide research center dedicated to creating computer technologies that naturally enhance the abilities of people and enable new human endeavors. She is also responsible for graduate educational programs that merge studies of human needs and capabilities with emerging computing technologies, including a highly regarded HCI Master\u0027s Degree Program that bridges computing, psychology, design and communication and the new Ph.D. Program in Human-Centered Computing.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Beth Mynatt started a technology revolution, says College of Computing Dean Rich DeMillo. Over the last decade a lot of people have studied ways to make information technology more \u0027user friendly,\u0027 but Beth was the first to ask how technology would change if we started with the needs, desires and limitations of human users. You can see her influence everywhere as she has had a transformational effect on the field.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMynatt is a Sloan Research Fellow and her research is supported by multiple grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) including a five-year NSF CAREER award. She has chaired multiple conferences on computer interface technologies and auditory displays, and published numerous articles as an active leader in her field.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMynatt and Boyan are two of ten metro Atlanta women featured as \u0022Top Innovators\u0022 in the July\/August 2005 issue of \u003Cem\u003EAtlanta Woman Magazine\u003C\/em\u003E. \u0022We considered women from a broad cross-section of the 20 counties that make up our readership,\u0022 said editor in chief Echo Garrett. \u0022Ultimately, we chose the inventors, agents of change and innovative women who have had major breakthroughs in their respective fields including: Technology, Medicine, Science, Law, Arts and Entertainment, Education, Government, Manufacturing and Finance.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Atlanta Woman Magazine Selects Boyan and Mynatt for 2005 Top 10 Innovators in science and technology"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Atlanta Woman Magazine named Barbara Boyan in the Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University as a Top Innovator in science, and Elizabeth Mynatt, in the College of Computing as a Top Innovator in technology.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Atlanta Woman Magazine honors Boyan and Mynatt"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-07-14 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-14T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-14T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73915":{"id":"73915","type":"image","title":"Dr. Barbara Boyan","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73916":{"id":"73916","type":"image","title":"Dr. Elizabeth Mynatt","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73915","73916"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.cc.gatech.edu\/people\/faculty\/mynatt.html","title":"Mynatt Faculty Web Page"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.bme.gatech.edu\/facultystaff\/faculty_record.php?id=48","title":"Barbara Boyan"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.atlantawomanmag.com\/index.cfm","title":"Atlanta Woman Magazine"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73815":{"#nid":"73815","#data":{"type":"news","title":"International Plan  Officially Kicked Off","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ETwo years of hard work came to fruition in September as Georgia Tech kicked off the International Plan and Undergraduate Research Option this semester. The two programs are part of the Quality Enhancement Plan, and the Georgia Tech administration has high expectations for their success.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022What we realize is that you can take these opportunities to another level to allow our students the ability to take advantage of all the assets and resources that we have at Georgia Tech,\u0022 said President Wayne Clough.  \u0022I think the exciting thing about both of these programs is that they can be shaped around the students\u0027 majors, but they tend to push the students out of those majors into something bigger.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech\u0027s current goal is to have 100 students enrolled in the International Plan by the end of this school year with five-year goal of getting 50 percent of the student body participating in an international experience by the time they graduate.  Currently there are 77 students enrolled in the International Plan, and Associate Provost for Institutional Development Jack Lohmann believes the International Plan will help set Georgia Tech apart from its peers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There are only three universities that have about a third of their students involved in some sort of international experience (Cornell University, Stanford University, and Georgia Tech),\u0022 said Lohmann.  \u0022If we hit our goal of 50 percent of our students graduating with an international experience, we\u0027re going to be leaps and bounds above everyone else.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIf Georgia Tech is able to reach its goal of 300 students enrolled in the International Plan within five years, there will be an increase in demand for foreign language classes.  The International Plan calls for students to do a combination of studying abroad, working abroad (Co-Op or Internship) as well as foreign language classes.   \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESchool of Modern Languages Chair Phil McKnight believes his department is ready for the challenge. \u0022The International Plan has funding in place to allow us to grow,\u0022 said McKnight.  \u0022We are prepared to prioritize any student who is in the International Plan to get into language classes that they want.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELohmann believes that the two years worth of hard work have made the program worthwhile.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I think we\u0027ve come up with the national standard.  As I travel and give talks and presentations on what we\u0027re doing, it is very clear that no one else is doing anything like this,\u0022 said Lohmann.  \u0022I think it is going to position Georgia Tech competitively.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"After more than two years of planning the International Plan is here"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Two years of hard work came to fruition in September as Georgia Tech kicked off the International Plan and Undergraduate Research Option this semester. The two programs are part of the Quality Enhancement Plan, and the Georgia Tech administration has high expectations for their success.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"The International Plan off to a good start"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-09-19 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-19T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-19T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73816":{"id":"73816","type":"image","title":"Georgia Tech students participate in International","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73816"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.oie.gatech.edu\/old\/fac\/internationalplan.html","title":"Georgia Tech International Plan"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73911":{"#nid":"73911","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Tech is Top Producer of African-American Engineers","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech is the top producer of African-American engineering graduates at both the undergraduate and master\u0027s degree levels, according to rankings from Black Issues in Higher Education magazine\u0027s annual college rankings report.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETech was ranked No. 1 in Baccalaureate degrees awarded to African-American engineering students for the 2003-2004 school year with 126 degrees, up from No. 2 last year. Tech remained on top for master\u0027s degrees awarded to African-American students in engineering, rising to 34 degrees from 31 the previous school year.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOther top five bachelor degree producers include No. 2 North Carolina A\u0026amp;T State University with 110 degrees awarded; No. 3 Tennessee State University with 102; No. 4 Florida A\u0026amp;M University with 81; and No. 5 North Carolina State University at Raleigh with 79.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn engineering Ph.D. degrees awarded to African-American students during the 2003-2004 school year, Tech rose to No. 1, up 700 percent to 16 graduates from 2 graduates the previous school year.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022These rankings confirm Georgia Tech\u0027s strong commitment to attracting and graduating minority students in engineering and science,\u0022 said Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough. \u0022Given the growing need in our state and around the nation for talented citizens, we are proud of Georgia Tech\u0027s role as a national leader in creating and maintaining a supportive educational environment for minority students.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EConsidered by Georgia Tech to be an important tool to measure the success of campus diversity endeavors, the Black Issues rankings underscore Tech\u0027s efforts to create a diverse campus through strong recruitment and retention practices, rather than relying on quotas to boost minority enrollment.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of Tech\u0027s most successful minority recruitment projects is FOCUS, an annual event designed to attract the country\u0027s finest minority undergraduates to its graduate programs. Each year, African-American students from more than 80 colleges and universities across the nation attend the three-day series of lectures, tours, panel discussions and social events. The event, which is held annually during the Martin Luther King Jr. holiday, is now in its 15th year.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, Georgia Tech has a solid relationship with the historically-black institutions in the Atlanta area that make up the Atlanta University Center, Clark Atlanta University, Morehouse College, Morris Brown College, Spelman College, Morehouse School of Medicine and the Interdenominational Theological Center.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBlack Issues, a publication that covers minorities in American higher education, used statistics collected by the U.S. Department of Education to compile the rankings edition. The special report identifies the top 100 minority degree producers among institutions of higher education and is the only national report of U.S. colleges and universities awarding degrees to African-American, Latino, Asian-American and Native-American students. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report was released as a two-part series spotlighting undergraduate and graduate statistics. Graduate and professional degree statistics appear in the July 14 edition of Black Issues. Undergraduate statistics were released in the magazine\u0027s June 2 edition.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech graduates more African-American engineers than any other U.S. institution, according to the latest rankings from Black Issues in Higher Education.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tech ranked No. 1 in undergrad, grad degrees"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-07-18 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-07-18T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-07-18T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73912":{"id":"73912","type":"image","title":"Graduating student","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73912"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73743":{"#nid":"73743","#data":{"type":"news","title":"CQGRD Studies Health Impact of Atlanta Beltline","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EObesity is at an all-time high in the United States. Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure plague an increasing number of Americans. These health problems have been tied, in part, to the very fabric of the places where we live and work. The relationship between health and the built environment is clear, yet little has been done to take a prospective look at the health-related impacts of proposed projects and policies, at least in the United States. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis gap is being filled by a Health Impact Assessment, or HIA, of the proposed Atlanta Beltline that is being conducted by Center for Quality Growth and Regional Development in the College of Architecture at Georgia Tech, with assistance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (C.D.C.) and funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Beltline project would convert a partly abandoned railroad that circles downtown Atlanta into a transit corridor and multi-use trail connected to an expanded city park system and targeted areas for redevelopment. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECQGRD and CDC are using HIA tools-techniques applied in many European countries-to ascertain the potential health impacts of the Beltline project. The HIA will identify both positive and negative impacts, paying special attention to the distribution of effects to determine whether at-risk populations are subject to particular negative impacts. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The Beltline assessment is an opportunity to place health considerations at the forefront of the policy and project decision-making process,\u0022 said Catherine L. Ross, Harry West Professor and Director of CQGRD. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Beltline HIA will be completed by the end of 2006 and the findings will be disseminated to local officials and the public.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E###\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Center for Quality Growth and Regional Development (CQGRD) is dedicated to the study, dissemination, and implementation of ideas and technology that improve the theory and practice of quality growth. Established in 2003, the Center is a research arm of the Georgia Institute of Technology\u0027s College of Architecture. [www.coa.gatech.edu\/cqgrd]\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the nation\u0027s largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to improving the health and health care of all Americans. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation works with a diverse group of organizations and individuals to identify solutions and achieve comprehensive, meaningful, and timely change. [www.rwjf.org]\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"This forward looking assesment was made possible by a Robert Wood Johnson grant"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Obesity is at an all-time high in the United States. Asthma, diabetes, and high blood pressure plague an increasing number of Americans. These health problems have been tied, in part, to the very fabric of the places where we live and work. The relationship between health and the built environment is clear, yet little has been done to take a prospective look at the health-related impacts of proposed projects and policies, at least in the United States.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"GT center to produce beltline health impact study"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-11-28 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-28T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-28T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73744":{"id":"73744","type":"image","title":"Catherine Ross","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73744"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech College of Architecture"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/cqgrd\/","title":"Center for Quality Growth and Regional Development"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73745":{"#nid":"73745","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Management Team Defeats UGA on mtvU\u0027s \u0022Quad Squads\u0022","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EPitted against peers from the University of Georgia, four undergraduate students at Georgia Tech College of Management emerged victorious on the November 28 episode of the reality-show series \u0022Quad Squads.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA new program of MTV\u0027s mtvU network, which is broadcasted on college campuses nationwide, \u0022Quad Squads\u0022 features the Tech and UGA students in three episodes competing to see which team can devise the best marketing plan for Amp\u0027d Mobile, a new phone company whose service allows customers to access the Internet, play mp3s, and watch streaming video on their mobile phones.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Tech team - seniors Christin Hubbard and Matt Swanburg, junior Jason Nelson and sophomore Vicki Rokhlin - learned they\u0027d won during taping of the final episode November 13 after presenting their plan to marketing and advertising executives for Amp\u0027d. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETheir prize package includes a $1,000 scholarship for each team member, a trip to mtvU\u0027s Spring Break and a year of free service from Amp\u0027d. The victory episode will continue airing regularly until Dec. 4, and all three five-minute shows will be available online indefinitely at mtvU\u0027s Website \u003Ca href=\u0027http:\/\/www.mtvu.com\/uber\/\u0027\u003Ehttp:\/\/www.mtvu.com\/uber\/\u003C\/a\u003E. Then, click on the green \u0022enter here\u0022 bar and scroll through the list of shows.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We always thought we were going to win,\u0022 Swanburg says. But he concedes that viewers might have made a different prediction after the second episode aired October 31 (the first was on October 10). \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022They portrayed us as underdogs in the second episode,\u0022 Hubbard says, explaining that the team didn\u0027t want to reveal too many of their marketing ideas to their competitors, so the University of Georgia appeared out front at that point. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETeam members say they learned to be careful about what they said on camera after the first episode when they saw how editing could be used to play up inter-group friction. \u0022They could get things out of us, get us to say things,\u0022 Hubbard says. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFilming proved to be a \u0022reality\u0022 check for the team in other ways. \u0022For example, we could sit here and talk with mtvU filming us,\u0022 Hubbard elaborates, \u0022and if they liked something, they would say, \u0027Stop, say that again. You move over here; the light wasn\u0027t right.\u0027\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It\u0027s not really reality TV if you have to do everything three or four times,\u0022 Nelson adds. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe and his team members didn\u0027t know each other before mtvU selected them for the show after Tech marketing faculty encouraged students to audition. Show producers approached Georgia Tech and UGA because they wanted to pit schools with existing rivalries against each other. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThough each episode of \u0022Quad Squads\u0022 is short, mtvU spent hours filming the Tech team, recording group meetings, conducting interviews, and following each student around campus. Team members spent many more hours off-camera formulating their strategy, a six-week process for which mtvU provided a $2,500 budget. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe team didn\u0027t know what the challenge was until taping began, but they knew it would involve marketing. The show\u0027s producers estimated it would only take ten hours a week of the students\u0027 time, but the amount proved to be much greater (approximately 120 hours total). \u0022I had to quit a weekend job at Red Lobster for this,\u0022 Nelson says. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the home stretch, the team worked more than twenty-four hours straight. \u0022I was really impressed with how well we came together in the last twenty-four hours,\u0022 Rokhlin says. \u0022It was a really stressful situation, but it was so fun!\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFor their marketing plan to reach the eighteen- to twenty-four-year-old demographic desired by Amp\u0027d, they created a variety of materials with the help of design students, including print-quality advertisements, a super-hero mascot and an elaborate model of an interactive tent booth for marketing the product\u0027s high-tech features at college sporting events. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETheir market research showed that Amp\u0027d would have to move beyond traditional media to reach this demographic, so their strategy included commericals shown in movie theaters and ads printed on pizza delivery boxes. All of their suggested promotional efforts were designed to drive people to the company\u0027s Web site, where they could learn more about the phone. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Their whole presentation was very polished,\u0022 says Fred Johnson, vice president of marketing for Amp\u0027d who judged the contest. \u0022What stood out overall was their professionalism and attention to detail. When they brought out the mockup of the booth, it blew us away. In a lot of professional presentations, they leave you with one last thing. They had three or four last things.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EDespite all their hard work, Tech\u0027s team members haven\u0027t gained much fame from the show, because mtvU is only broadcasted to college dormitories and campus buildings like student and recreation centers. But they figure their most important audience is composed of the employers who will be impressed to see this experience on their resumes. \u0022This is going to look incredible,\u0022 Rokhlin says.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWriter:\u003C\/strong\u003E Brad Dixon, College of Management\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Pitted against peers from the University of Georgia, four undergraduate students at Georgia Tech College of Management emerged victorious on the November 28 episode of the reality-show series \u0022Quad Squads.\u0022","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Management students win marketing competition"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-11-29 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-28T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-28T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73746":{"id":"73746","type":"image","title":"Management team","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73746"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.mtvu.com\/uber\/index.jhtml?name=live","title":"mtvU"},{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/index.html?link=logo","title":"College of Management"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73741":{"#nid":"73741","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Ga. Tech Faculty Receive Fulbright Scholar Award","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThree Georgia Tech faculty members have been awarded a Fulbright Scholar Grant to lecture and research at overseas universities during the 2005-2006 academic year, according to the United States Department of State and the J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EStuart Goldberg\u003C\/strong\u003E, assistant professor in the School of Modern Languages, will research \u0022Mandelstam, Blok and the Boundaries of Mythopoetic Symbolism\u0022 at the Russian State Humanities University in Moscow, Russia.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDavid Goldsman\u003C\/strong\u003E, professor in the School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, will teach computer simulation at Bogazici University in Bebek-Istanbul, Turkey.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFei-Ling Wang\u003C\/strong\u003E, associate professor in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs, will teach \u0022U.S. Foreign Policy and a Possible East Asian Community: American Studies and U.S.-East Asian Relations\u0022 at Yonsei University in Seoul, Korea.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGoldberg, Goldsman and Wang are three of approximately 850 U.S. faculty and professionals who will travel abroad to some 150 countries for the 2005-2006 academic year through the Fulbright Scholar Program. Established in 1946 under legislation introduced by the late Senator J. William Fulbright of Arkansas, the program\u0027s purpose is to build mutual understanding between the people of the United States and other countries.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Fulbright Program, America\u0027s flagship international educational exchange activity, is sponsored by the U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Over its 59 years of existence, thousands of U.S. faculty and professionals have studied, taught or done research abroad, and thousands of their counterparts from other countries have engaged in similar activities in the United States. They are among more than 265,000 American and foreign university students, K-12 teachers, and university faculty and professionals who have participated in one of the several Fulbright exchange programs.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ERecipients of Fulbright Scholar awards are selected on the basis of academic or professional achievement and because they have demonstrated extraordinary leadership potential in their fields. Among thousands of prominent U.S. Fulbright Scholar alumni are Milton Friedman, Nobel Laureate in Economics; James Watson, co-discoverer of the structure of DNA and Nobel Laureate in Medicine; Rita Dove, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet; and Craig Barrett, CEO of Intel Corporation.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Three Georgia Tech professors have been awarded a Fulbright Scholar Grant to lecture and research at overseas universities during the 2005-2006 academic year.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Three Ga. Tech professors awarded grants"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-11-29 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-11-29T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-11-29T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73742":{"id":"73742","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73742"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.cies.org\/","title":"Fulbright Scholar Program"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73804":{"#nid":"73804","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Math Unites The Celestial And The Atomic","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn recent years, researchers have developed astonishing new insights into a hidden unity between the motion of objects in space and that of the smallest particles.  It turns out there is an almost perfect parallel between the mathematics describing celestial mechanics and the mathematics governing some aspects of atomic physics. These insights have led to new ways to design space missions, as described in the article, \u0022Ground Control to Niels Bohr: Exploring Outer Space with Atomic Physics\u0022 by Mason Porter and Predrag Cvitanovic, which appears in the October 2005 issue of the Notices of the American Mathematical Society.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article describes work by, among other scientists, physicist Turgay Uzer of the Georgia Institute of Technology, mathematician Jerrold Marsden of the California Institute of Technology and engineer Shane Ross of the University of Southern California.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EImagine a group of celestial bodies-say, the Sun, the Earth, and a Spacecraft-moving along paths determined by their mutual gravitational attraction. The mathematical theory of dynamical systems describes how the bodies move in relation to one another. In such a celestial system, the tangle of gravitational forces creates tubular \u0022highways\u0022 in the space between the bodies. If the spacecraft enters one of the highways, it is  whisked along without the need to use very much energy. With help from mathematicians, engineers and physicists, the designers of the Genesis spacecraft mission used such highways to propel the craft to its destinations with minimal use of fuel.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a surprising twist, it turns out that some of the same phenomena occur on the smaller, atomic scale. This can be quantified in the study of what are known as \u0022transition states\u0022, which were first\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nemployed in the field of chemical dynamics. One can imagine transition states as barriers that need to be crossed in order for chemical reactions to occur (for \u0022reactants\u0022 to be turned into \u0022products\u0022). Understanding the geometry of these barriers provides insights not only into the nature of chemical reactions but also into the shape of the \u0022highways\u0022 in celestial systems.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe connection between atomic and celestial dynamics arises because the same equations govern the movement of bodies in celestial systems and the energy levels of electrons in simple systems-and these equations are believed to apply to more complex molecular systems as well. This similarity carries over to the problems\u0027 transition states; the difference is that which constitutes a \u0022reactant\u0022 and a \u0022product\u0022 is interpreted differently in the two applications. The presence of the same underlying mathematical description is what unifies these concepts. Because of this unifying description, the article states, \u0022The orbits used to design space missions thus also determine the ionization rates of atoms and chemical-reaction rates of molecules!\u0022 The mathematics that unites these two very different kinds of problems is not only of great theoretical interest for mathematicians, physicists, and chemists, but also has practical engineering value in space mission design and chemistry.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"In recent years, researchers have developed astonishing new insights into a hidden unity between the motion of\nobjects in space and that of the smallest particles. It turns out there is an almost perfect parallel between the mathematics describing celestial mechanics and the mathematics governing some aspects of atomic physics.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Math shows unity among celestial and atomic motion"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-28 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73805":{"id":"73805","type":"image","title":"Ultraviolet image of the sun","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73805"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73684":{"#nid":"73684","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Regents Honor Math  Program at Georgia Tech","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Mathematics Teaching Assistant Development Seminar at the Georgia Institute of Technology is the recipient of the 2005 Regents\u0027 Teaching Excellence Award in the Department\/Program Division. The program originated in 1995 as a way to address communication difficulties between math students and international teaching assistants. Since then, it has expanded to provide training for all new teaching assistants (TAs) in the School of Mathematics, resulting in better ratings from students in their course\/instructor opinion surveys.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I spent a semester observing TAs in their classes, talking with professors and students to see what we might do to improve the situation,\u0022 said Cathy Jacobson, English as a Second Language consultant\/instructor in the School of Mathematics.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe situation was that some math students had difficulty understand and communicating with the TAs whose native language wasn\u0027t English. With the variety of native languages spoken by international TAs, including Russian, Mandarin Chinese and Spanish, to name a few, language differences had the potential to be a big problem.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022There were also cultural conflicts as to what was expected in the classroom, how much interaction there should be and how to successfully implement question and answer sessions,\u0022 recalled Jacobson.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrom her observations, Jacobson devised a curriculum that is now a two-semester-long- course made up of a combination of classroom instruction, small group and one-on-one tutorials, with feedback from videotaped lessons, audiotaped assignments and students.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt wasn\u0027t just international TAs who stood to benefit from an organized training program, said Klara Grodzinsky, who teaches the fall semester of the program as an instructor in the School of Mathematics. Since TAs conduct a large amount of the problem solving, teaching and grading for a lecture class, it\u0027s essential that they be up to the task.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I felt like our TAs didn\u0027t have a real centralized training program,\u0022 said Grodzinsky. \u0022We had one for the International TAs, but not for the rest.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESo Grodzinsky devised a five-class course that began in the fall of 2000 that has since grown to a full semester. \u0022We expanded it the next fall, because we didn\u0027t have enough time to cover all the topics we wanted to discuss,\u0022 she said.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt\u0027s that kind of flexibility to alter the course based on the needs of the students that has helped make the program a success, said Rena Brakebill, assistant undergraduate coordinator in the School of Mathematics and instructor of the spring TA program. \u0022We change the class each term based on the feedback from the TAs and the results of the student surveys.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to classroom and video lessons, the program has begun incorporating microteaching, in which TAs prepare a 10-minute lesson and get feedback from their peers.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of the biggest lessons new TAs learn is how to discourage and prevent cheating.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The TAs we get are students who have some of the highest grade point averages. It never occurred to them to cheat and so many of them aren\u0027t aware of how to discourage it,\u0022 said Brakebill.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe course also provides a way for new TAs to network and learn from each other\u0027s experiences.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We have a few sections where we have case studies,\u0022 said Brakebill. \u0022What the TAs have found surprising is that many of them find different solutions based on their background. They learn to make judgments based on what the rules are.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhat once was a short course devoted to helping international TAs has grown to become a model for TA instruction across campus. The program\u0027s success has prompted the Center for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning to use it as a template for a new course for all undergraduate TAs at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"The Mathematics Teaching Assistant Development Seminar at the Georgia Institute of Technology is the recipient of the 2005 Regents\u0027 Teaching Excellence Award in the Department\/Program Division.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"TA program  lauded for teaching excellence"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-02 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-02T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-02T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73685":{"id":"73685","type":"image","title":"Tech Tower","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73685"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.math.gatech.edu\/","title":"Georgia Tech School of Mathematics"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73806":{"#nid":"73806","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Researchers Uncover E.coli\u0027s Defense Mechanism","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology and the John Innes Centre in the United Kingdom have uncovered a mechanism with which disease-causing bacteria may thwart the body\u0027s natural defense responses. The findings, which could ultimately lead to the development of more effective antibiotics, appear in the September 29, 2005 issue of the journal Nature.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Nitric oxide is produced by the body to fight infections. We discovered a mechanism that allows bacterial cells to detect nitric oxide and turn it into something that\u0027s harmless to the cell,\u0022 said Stephen Spiro, associate professor in the School of Biology at Georgia Tech.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESpiro, along with colleagues Beno\u00eet D\u0027Autr\u00e9auz, Nicholas Tucker and Ray Dixon from the John Innes Centre, studied a non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli, which is very closely related to salmonella bacteria.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe pathogenic forms of E. coli and salmonella are usually transmitted to humans through undercooked meat, unwashed vegetables and cross contamination from surfaces on which these foods were prepared. Infections from either of these organisms can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps and sometimes more serious illnesses that require hospitalization. E.coli doesn\u0027t respond well to antibiotics, while salmonella has developed several drug-resistant strains. Learning how the bacteria handle the body\u0027s immune response is the first step in developing more effective medicines.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESpiro and colleagues focused their study on the NorR protein and the role it plays in reducing the levels of nitric oxide. In response to nitric oxide, NorR binds to DNA in order to regulate expression of an enzyme that reduces the amount of nitric oxide in the bacteria. Since nitric oxide binds to metals, the researchers suspected that there might be a metal in the protein.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It turns out that the protein NorR contains a single molecule of iron,\u0022 said Spiro. \u0022Our study found that the nitric oxide binds to the iron, which in turn activates the protein.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce activated, the protein controls expression of the norVW genes. These genes encode an enzyme that removes the nitric oxide, allowing the bacteria to fend off the body\u0027s defenses.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe discovery of this mechanism is just the first step in what Spiro hopes will be a line of research aimed at disrupting the mechanism by which the bacteria rids itself of the poisonous nitric oxide.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022If we can interfere with the mechanism, it could lead to better antibiotics and better treatments,\u0022 said Spiro.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research was funded by a grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Researchers have uncovered a mechanism with which disease-causing bacteria may thwart the body\u0027s natural defense responses. The findings could ultimately lead to the development of more effective antibiotics.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Iron key to nitric oxide reduction"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-09-28 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-28T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-28T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73807":{"id":"73807","type":"image","title":"Escherichia coli O157:H7","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73807"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73680":{"#nid":"73680","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Georgia Tech Student Wins Marshall Scholarship","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ERyan Haynes has the heart of a doctor, the brain of a research scientist and the tenacity of a computer programmer. All he needs now to help him realize his dream of developing life-changing medical technologies is the acumen of a business executive. As the only 2006 Marshall Scholar from a Georgia public university, Haynes will get the chance to sharpen his business skills at the University of Cambridge next year as he pursues a master\u0027s degree in nanotechnology enterprise and a degree in bioimaging sciences at Imperial College London a year later.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I feel that a lot of really good basic science research just stays in the laboratory when it could be out there helping patients,\u0022 said Haynes, a senior in the Department of Biomedical Engineering. \u0022I like clinical work because it gets things to patients more directly. I feel business is the avenue to translate basic science to clinical applications.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe program at Cambridge, he said, will prepare him to take nanotechnology and biotechnology solutions into the marketplace. The Imperial program will allow him to apply the things he\u0027s learned at Cambridge to medical imaging technologies, potentially benefiting patients with neurological disorders such as Parkinson\u0027s disease and Alzheimer\u0027s disease.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIt\u0027s career path that seems natural to the Calhoun, Louisiana, native who received his first computer when he was five and started experimenting with computer programming at age 11.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn high school, he developed a distance education program that united math students over the Internet. The project earned first place honors at the National Junior Science and Humanities Symposium. In college, his programming has not only helped him in research but also allowed him to create an Internet software application called Endeavor to help both students and instructors in teaching college calculus. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen it came time to choose a university he was torn between Georgia Tech, Rice University and MIT. \u0022The President\u0027s Scholarship Program is pretty much what pulled me over,\u0022 he said. \u0022I liked Georgia Tech\u0027s campus better and its academic environment was what I was looking for.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt Tech, Haynes has made the most of the opportunities offered in biomedical engineering, working in the neuroengineering lab of Assistant Professor Steve Potter and at Children\u0027s Healthcare of Atlanta.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022One of the great things about Tech is its research program,\u0022 said Haynes. \u0022Work in the Potter lab has greatly complemented my coursework because you learn one thing in class and the next week you see it in the lab.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Potter\u0027s lab, Haynes is testing how networks of neurons respond to different amounts of the chemical dopamine, which is involved in drug addiction, Parkinson\u0027s disease and schizophrenia. While many labs release the chemicals onto the entire culture of neurons, Potter wants to see how smaller groups of cells respond. \u0022I created an enclosure and system to locally release chemicals, which will allow small volumes of neurotransmitters to stimulate cells much like what happens in a real brain,\u0022 said Haynes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAt Children\u0027s Healthcare, Haynes is using a software program that renders the brain\u0027s cerebral cortex as a sphere, allowing doctors to measure the thickness of the cortex in various patient groups.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re trying to figure out what the normal thickness is and then measure children who have frontal lobe epilepsy, figure out what atrophy occurs in what area and correlate that with cognitive tests to see if there is a certain area of the brain that\u0027s more affected than others,\u0022 said Haynes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHaynes is the seventh Tech student to win the Marshall, a scholarship established by the British Government for American students in 1953 in appreciation for assistance received after World War II under the Marshall Plan. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EProminent former Marshall scholars include U.S. Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer; former U.S. Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt; New York Times foreign affairs columnist Tom Friedman; and the scientist\/inventor Ray Dolby.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"Ryan Haynes is the seventh Tech student to win the Marshall Scholarship.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Ryan Haynes is the seventh student to win the honor"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-05 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-05T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-05T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73681":{"id":"73681","type":"image","title":"Ryan Haynes","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73681"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.marshallscholarship.org\/","title":"Marshall Scholar"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.bme.gatech.edu\/","title":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73802":{"#nid":"73802","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Culture Differences Help Cross-Border Mergers","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECulture clashes are an expected consequence when companies from different countries merge. But contrary to conventional wisdom, cross-border mergers and acquisitions tend to be most successful long-term when the cultural divide between nations is wide, according to a new study by Georgia Tech College of Management researchers.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Mergers and acquisitions involving firms from countries with dissimilar cultures, on average, do better than those between firms from countries with similar cultures,\u0022 write Georgia Tech finance professors Rajesh Chakrabarti and Narayanan Jayaraman and doctoral student Swastika Mukherjee in the study \u0022Mars-Venus Marriages: Culture and Cross-Border M\u0026amp;A.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the study, which examined 405 cross-border mergers and acquisitions from 1991 to 2000 involving acquiring companies from 34 countries and target firms in 37 countries, greater cultural disparity can be beneficial because of:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0095 Lower likelihood of acquisitions motivated by hubris in unfamiliar or distant environments.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Greater autonomy granted to acquired firms in distant cultural locations, resulting in greater retention of their pre-acquisition strengths.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Better screening, contracting, and due-diligence during the deal-making process as a result of heightened awareness of cultural differences.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u0095 Diverse organizational strengths leading to performance-enhancing synergies. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMergers and acquisitions rarely deliver their promised benefits, often resulting in long-term under-performance. But greater cultural disparity between merging firms seems to lessen detrimental effects, found the researchers, who examined corporate performance thirty and thirty-six months after the unions. Despite their risks, mergers and acquisitions are becoming increasingly common events as a result of rapid globalization. American companies conducted nearly $4 trillion worth of acquisitions between 1998 and 2000- more than in the previous thirty years combined. Twenty percent of those acquisitions were cross-border.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers point to General Electric\u0027s acquisition of the Hungarian light-bulb maker Tungsram in 1989 as an example of a cross-border merger fraught with difficulty. Individualism and individual responsibility defined GE\u0027s culture but not that of Tungsram, reportedly drawing out the latter\u0027s assimilation by several years. Problems also plagued the merger of Michigan-based Upjohn and Sweden\u0027s Pharmacia B in 1995, with the former firm used to a more hierarchical structure. Their differences appear to have stemmed not only from corporate-level practices, but also from national cultural traits, the researchers note.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022While corporate culture may be extremely difficult to measure, there exist widely accepted metrics of national culture,\u0022 they say. \u0022It is important to reiterate that we focus on national culture as opposed to corporate culture in our study.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe study measured national cultural differences using not only language, religion, and legal\/corporate governance systems, but also widely accepted measures developed by Geert Hofstede in his landmark book on international management, \u003Cem\u003ECulture\u0027s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values\u003C\/em\u003E. Hofstede\u0027s measures include power distance (the degree of inequality between people in a country), individualism (the extent to which society emphasizes individual achievements over collective ones), masculinity (how much society reinforces the traditional model of male power in the workplace) and uncertainty avoidance (societal attitudes toward ambiguity and unstructured situations).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the study sample, Australia and the United States proved to have the most similar cultures while New Zealand and Malaysia had the most disparate. The study also found evidence that acquisitions go better when acquiring companies are from countries with stronger corporate-governance systems than the target firms.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Mars-Venus Marriages: Culture \u0026 Cross-Border Mergers \u0026 Acquisitions"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Culture clashes are expected when companies from different countries merge. However, cross-border mergers tend to be most successful long-term when the cultural divide between nations is wide, according to a new study by College of Management researchers.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Greater cultural disparity can be beneficial"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-10-19 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-09-30T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-09-30T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73803":{"id":"73803","type":"image","title":"College of Management at night","body":null,"created":"1449178020","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:00","changed":"1475894678","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:38"}},"media_ids":["73803"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/mgt.gatech.edu\/index.html","title":"College of Management"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003EBrad Dixon\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECollege of Management\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=bd106\u0022\u003EContact Brad Dixon\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-3943\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["brad.dixon@mgt.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73682":{"#nid":"73682","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Colatrella Named Fulbright New Century Scholar","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003ECarol Colatrella, professor in the School of Literature, Communication and Culture, has been selected as a Fulbright New Century Scholar --  one of 31 top academics and professionals collaborating for the 2005-2006 year on the topic, \u0022Higher Education in the 21st Century: Global Challenge and National Response.\u0022\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s research scholars and professionals from 22 countries and regions, including Yemen, Egypt, and the United States, will work collaboratively over the next year to establish a broad framework for constructive action to ensure the future of higher education worldwide. The future of the academic profession, elite versus mass-access, the public-private mix in higher education, and the globalization of higher education will be among the key issues examined. The international team will provide insightful analysis that could serve as a realistic basis for refocusing and improving higher education in national and global contexts.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe thirty-one higher education specialists, one-third of whom come from the United States and two-thirds from any of the 140 countries worldwide with an active Fulbright program, are the newest Fulbright New Century Scholars selected to focus on a transnational topic of global significance for one year. This year\u0027s Fulbright New Century Scholars are examining the topic Higher Education in the 21st Century: Global Challenge and National Response. The group is being guided by New Century Scholar Distinguished Leader Philip G. Altbach, the J. Donald Monan, SJ Professor of Higher Education in the Lynch School of Education at Boston College.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Century Scholars will also pursue individual research projects abroad and in the United States. For Colatrella\u0027s individual project \u0022Advancing Women in the Academy: Comparing Perceptions and Considering Solutions in the United States and Denmark,\u0022 she will research how gender affects processes of access and advancement for faculty members in Denmark.  Her collaborative project will investigate aspects of the academic profession in Denmark to compare and contrast perceptions of faculty working environments as well as considering the outcomes of equity efforts in a smaller, more socially homogenous industrialized nation that, like the U.S., has preferred raising awareness of equity issues to passing specific laws forbidding inequities. Although Denmark is a nation with progressive attitudes and laws regarding sex roles and work-family arrangements, its universities, like those in the U. S., experience a dearth of women at upper ranks and in administrative positions.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Century Scholars will come together three times during the program year to share research, exchange perspectives and pursue collaborative activities in dynamic seminar sessions planned for Boston, Cairo, and Paris. After meeting for the first time in Boston from September 28-30, 2005 to define the specific ways in which they will collaborate over the next year, the New Century Scholars will hold their mid-term meeting in Cairo from March 15-22, 2006. As part of their mid-term meeting in Cairo, the 31 New Century Scholars will consult in a series of roundtable discussions with higher education specialists and administrators from Egypt and surrounding countries at the American University of Cairo. Co-hosted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Franco-American Commission for Educational Exchange, a final plenary will take place in Paris from October 19-25, 2006. During the plenary, the New Century Scholars will present their final analyses and recommendations. Visit \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cies.org\u0022 title=\u0022www.cies.org\u0022\u003Ewww.cies.org\u003C\/a\u003E to find out more about the 2005-2006 Fulbright New Century Scholars Program; click Fulbright Global Programs for U.S. and non-U.S. Scholars.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENow in its fourth year, the Fulbright New Century Scholars Program seeks to take advantage of the synergy created when scholars from vastly different spheres focus on a single issue of concern to people worldwide. Last year, a team of 31 Fulbright New Century Scholars, including leading feminist scholars and policy makers, examined Toward Equality: The Global Empowerment of Women. Previous groups of New Century Scholars have examined Sectarian, Ethnic and Cultural Conflict Within and Across National Borders, as well as The Challenges of Health in a Borderless World.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESponsored by the U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, in partnership with the Council for International Exchange of Scholars (CIES), which is a division of the Institute of International Education (IIE), the New Century Scholars Program is an international, interdisciplinary program designed for high quality research. The Program continues to provide a platform for a multinational group of outstanding scholars and professionals to produce a body of multidisciplinary research and analysis that might serve as the basis for the formulation of innovative approaches to policy issues of universal concern.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"International team of Fulbright Scholars to spend one year examining higher education in the 21st century"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Carol Colatrella, professor, School of Literature, Communication and Culture, was selected as a Fulbright New Century Scholar-one of 31 academics collaborating for 2005-2006 on Higher Education in the 21st Century: Global Challenge and National Response.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Professor to study advancing women in the academy"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-12-05 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-05T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-05T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73683":{"id":"73683","type":"image","title":"Carol Colatrella","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73683"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.cies.org\/NCS\/2005_2006\/ncs_ccolatrella.htm","title":"Colatrella Bio \u0026 Abstract"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.cies.org\/ncs\/","title":"Fulbright New Century Scholars"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73677":{"#nid":"73677","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Four Georgia Tech Professors Elected IEEE Fellows","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has elected four Georgia Tech professors 2006 IEEE Fellows - Ye (Geoffrey) Li, Gary May, Steven McLaughlin and Madhavan Swaminathan. Georgia Tech was one of only three schools (including Carnegie Mellon and University of California, San Diego) to have four fellows, and the University of Illinois had the most fellows with seven.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe IEEE Grade of Fellow is conferred by the board of directors upon a person with an extraordinary record of accomplishments in any of the IEEE fields of interest.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELi, an associate professor in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at Georgia Tech, was elected a fellow for his contributions to signal processing for wireless communications. His general research interests include statistical signal processing and wireless mobile systems. In these areas, he has published about 100 papers in refereed journals or conferences and filed over 10 patents. He also has two books, entitled, Blind Equalization and Identification (co-authored with Z. Ding, published by Mercel Dekker Inc. in 2000) and OFDM for Wireless Communications (co-authored with G. St\u00fcber, published by Springer in 2005).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELi served as a guest editor for special issues on Signal Processing for Wireless Communications for the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications and an editorial board member of EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, and is currently serving as an editor for Wireless Communication Theory for the IEEE Transactions on Communications. He organized and chaired many international conferences, including technical program vice-chair of IEEE 2003 International Conference on Communications.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMay, the Steve W. Chaddick School Chair for ECE, was elected a fellow for his contributions to semiconductor manufacturing and engineering education. Previously, May was the executive assistant to Georgia Tech President G. Wayne Clough, where he served as the president\u0027s chief liaison, and the Motorola Foundation Professor in the School of ECE.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMay\u0027s research and educational interests are in computer-aided manufacturing of integrated circuits. The author of over 200 technical publications, he has written one textbook, Fundamentals of Semiconductor Fabrications and contributed to portions of 14 additional books. From 1994-2001, he was on the editorial board for the prestigious IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing, spending the last four years as editor-in-chief.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMcLaughlin, the Ken Byers Professor in ECE, was elected a fellow for his contributions to information theory and applications to digital recording technology. From 1999-2003, he was a principal scientist for Calimetrics. Since 2003, he has been the director of research at Georgia Tech Lorraine, the European Campus of Georgia Tech in Metz, France. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMcLaughlin is president of the IEEE Information Theory. He has published Information Theory: 50 years of Discovery (Wiley\/IEEE Press, 1999) and more than 200 papers in journals and conferences and holds 24 U.S. patents. He received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) in 1997 where President Clinton cited him \u0022for leadership in the development of high-capacity, nonbinary optical recording formats.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESwaminathan, a professor in ECE and the deputy director of the Packaging Research Center at Georgia Tech, was elected a fellow for his contributions in design tools, design methodologies and electromagnetic interference (EMI) control for power delivery in digital and mixed-signal systems. He is the founder of Jacket Micro Devices, a company specializing in integrated devices and modules for wireless applications where he serves as the chief scientist. Prior to joining Georgia Tech, he was with the Advanced Packaging Laboratory at IBM working on packaging for super computers. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESwaminathan\u0027s research interests are in digital, RF, optoelectronics and mixed-signal packaging with emphasis on design, modeling, characterization and testing. He has more than 250 publications in refereed journals and conferences, has co-authored three book chapters, has ten issued patents and has six patents pending. Swaminathan has been a guest editor for the IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging and IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. He was the associate editor of the IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"IEEE has elected four Georgia Tech professors to be IEEE Fellows - Ye (Geoffrey) Li, Gary May, Steven McLaughlin and Madhavan Swaminathan.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tech has second highest number of fellows in\u00a02006"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-12-05 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-06T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-06T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73678":{"id":"73678","type":"image","title":"Gary May and Steven McLaughlin","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"},"73679":{"id":"73679","type":"image","title":"Ye (Geoffrey) Li and Madhavan Swaminathan","body":null,"created":"1449178012","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:52","changed":"1475894380","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:40"}},"media_ids":["73678","73679"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.ieee.org\/portal\/site\/mainsite\/menuitem.818c0c39e85ef176fb2275875bac26c8\/index.jsp?pName=corp_level1\u0026path=about\/award","title":"IEEE Fellow Porgram"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.ece.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73894":{"#nid":"73894","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Encouraging More Women in Science \u0026 Technology","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EIn order to remain technologically and scientifically competitive in an increasingly global society, the United States needs all the brainpower it has. Currently however, a significant brain drain is taking place as bias has created a significant barrier to women and under-represented groups from pursuing technological or scientific careers, according to the upcoming paper \u0022More Women in Science,\u0022 which will appear in the August 19, 2005 issue of the journal \u003Cem\u003EScience\u003C\/em\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We need to encourage people, not discourage them, from pursuing studies and careers in the sciences,\u0022 says Sue Rosser, dean of the Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts at Georgia Tech and co-author of \u0022More Women in Science.\u0022 \u0022The issue is not the innate ability of men versus women, but the social climate factors which over time have been shown to turn away women and other under-represented groups.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe paper pulls together a large body of evidence of barriers throughout the faculty pipeline process and provides specific strategies to address these problems. In some disciplines, such as computer science and engineering, the low number of women faculty is partly attributable to the low number of women trained in those fields. However, for many fields, such as biology, the balance of men and women faculty is quite uneven despite the fact that women make up almost half of their graduating Ph.D.s (see table). This disparity indicates that strong women scientists may not pursue academic careers due to lack of encouragement, lack of confidence, or lack of female role models. To counter this problem, women Ph.D.s need to be explicitly encouraged to enter academia and programs such as professional societies, which provide role models and inspire self-confidence. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFurther along \u003Cstrong\u003Ethe pipeline\u003C\/strong\u003E, evidence shows that women faculty members are more often asked to provide campus service on committees and as student advisers, not necessarily the best activity to win tenure approval in Research I institutions. To assist junior faculty in managing their pre-tenure activities, Georgia Tech ADVANCE Professor Jane Ammons in the College of Engineering developed a \u0022speed mentoring\u0022 workshop in which junior faculty consult with four to five tenured case reviewers who examine their curriculum vitae and offer suggestions on how to strengthen their tenure case. Speed mentoring has been used on a campus-wide basis at Georgia Tech as well.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUnconscious bias\u003C\/strong\u003E is another barrier to increasing female faculty numbers. To address this often rather subtle factor, Georgia Tech developed a Web-based tool kit called Awareness of Decisions in Evaluating Promotion and Tenure (ADEPT) as part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Program grant. ADEPT is designed to help promotion and tenure committee members, chairs and deans to better understand biases related to gender, race and disability. ADEPT includes a variety of downloadable applications that include case studies, scholarly research, an interactive game and other materials to provoke discussion.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe paper also outlines concerns regarding \u003Cstrong\u003Ecampus climate\u003C\/strong\u003E and the issues of \u003Cstrong\u003Ebalancing family and work \u003C\/strong\u003Ewith specific examples of problems and specific strategies used at various institutions to overcome them.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESeveral of the authors, including Rosser, are recipients of the prestigious National Science Foundation ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Program grants. The other authors include lead author Jo Handelsman of the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Nancy Cantor, chancellor and president of Syracuse University; Molly Carnes of the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Denice Denton, chancellor of the University of California, Santa Cruz; Eve Fine of the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Barbara Grosz of Harvard University; Virginia Hinshaw of the University of California, Davis; Cora Marrett of the University of Wisconsin System; Donna Shalala, president of the University of Miami; and Jennifer Sheridan of the University System of Wisconsin-Madison.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Specific strategies to overcome bias"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"To remain technologically and scientifically competitive, the U.S. needs all the brainpower it has. However, a significant brain drain is taking place as bias has created a significant barrier to women from pursuing technological careers.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"The United States needs all the brainpower it has"}],"uid":"27301","created_gmt":"2005-08-18 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Elizabeth Campell","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-18T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-18T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73895":{"id":"73895","type":"image","title":"Sue Rosser","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"},"73896":{"id":"73896","type":"image","title":"Chart of Women Ph.D.\u0027s and Faculty","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73895","73896"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.iac.gatech.edu\/","title":"Ivan Allen College"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.advanceiac.gatech.edu\/","title":"Ivan Allen College ADVANCE"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.advance.gatech.edu\/","title":"ADVANCE at Georgia Tech"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.adept.gatech.edu\/","title":"ADEPT  Web site"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.scienceonline.org\/","title":"Science journal"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73793":{"#nid":"73793","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Woodwind Ensemble to Perform in China","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EWhile international experience is nothing new for Georgia Tech students, playing at the Shanghai International Arts Festival goes far beyond the usual study abroad trip.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESixteen students from the Woodwind Ensemble will travel to Shanghai and Beijing during fall break to participate in several collaborative concerts. Dr. Andrea Strauss says she and the students are excited about the trip.  \u0022Beijing is the largest city in China and has the most history to it.  We\u0027ll be able to take in the sights such as Tiananmen Square and the Great Wall.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe trip is more than just a sight-seeing tour as Strauss has filled the itinerary with several opportunities for the students to perform while they are in China.  These include the China Shanghai International Arts Festival, The Sino-U.S. Logistics Summit, Beijing Music Conservatory and Concord College.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I think the performances are what make this trip different and unique for the students,\u0022 said Strauss.  \u0022These students are going to have the chance to be ambassadors for their country and for Georgia Tech, but they are also going to be able to collaborate with a different culture in a real, unique musical interaction.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe students aren\u0027t music majors and are well aware of the fact that they will be missing three days of classes for the trip, but the opportunity was too much to pass up.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022I think it is an incredible opportunity to do something outside of what I normally do,\u0022 said Adam Wilson.  \u0022I\u0027m a computer science major, and when someone comes to me and says would you like to spend a week touring through China and playing music\u0085 you can\u0027t say no.  It is something you have to do.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022For me this trip is a bonus,\u0022 said Michael Abraham an aerospace engineering major.  \u0022I would have gone to play my clarinet in Wichita, Kansas.  But the fact that it is China and a travel opportunity I may very well never have again makes the whole trip irresistible.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EStrauss began putting together the nine-day trip this summer and saw an opportunity to give students a chance to be ambassadors at another Georgia Tech event.  The Sino - U.S. Logistics Summit will be held in Shanghai while the ensemble is there, and the event\u0027s organizers welcomed the opportunity to have the ensemble perform. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We are going to play at the opening ceremonies for the summit,\u0022 said Strauss.  \u0022It was just an ironic coincidence that the summit was taking place at the same time we were going over for the Shanghai International Arts Festival.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe woodwind ensembles will be traveling for nine days through China during fall break and will be returning on October 22.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Sixteen members of the Georgia Tech band will travel to Shanghai and Beijing"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"While international experience is nothing new for Georgia Tech students, playing at the Shanghai International Arts Festival goes far beyond the usual study abroad trip.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"GT band members  will travel to China Arts Festival"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-10-04 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-04T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-04T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.coa.gatech.edu\/music\/","title":"Georgia Tech Music Department"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73888":{"#nid":"73888","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Chemical Could Revolutionize Polymer Fuel Cells","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EHeat has always been a problem for fuel cells. There\u0027s usually either too much (ceramic fuel cells) for certain portable uses, such as automobiles or electronics, or too little (polymer fuel cells) to be efficient.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are widely considered the most promising fuel cells for portable use, their low operating temperature and consequent low efficiency have blocked their jump from promising technology to practical technology.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBut researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have pinpointed a chemical that could allow PEM fuel cells to operate at a much higher temperature without moisture, potentially meaning that polymer fuel cells could be made much more cheaply than ever before and finally run at temperatures high enough to make them practical for use in cars and small electronics. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA team lead by Dr. Meilin Liu, a professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Georgia Tech, has discovered that a chemical called triazole is significantly more effective than similar chemicals researchers have explored to increase conductivity and reduce moisture dependence in polymer membranes. The findings were published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022Triazole will greatly reduce many of the problems that have prevented polymer fuel cells from making their way into things like cars, cell phones and laptops,\u0022 said Liu. \u0022It\u0027s going to have a dramatic effect.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA fuel cell essentially produces electricity by converting the chemicals hydrogen and oxygen into water. To do this, the fuel cell needs a proton exchange membrane, a specially treated material that looks a lot like plastic wrap, to conduct protons (positively charged ions) but block electrons. This membrane is the key to building a better fuel cell.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrent PEMs used in fuel cells have several problems that prevent them from wide use. First, their operating temperature is so low that even trace amounts of carbon monoxide in hydrogen fuel will poison the fuel cell\u0027s platinum catalyst. To avoid this contamination, the hydrogen fuel must go through a very expensive purification process that makes fuel cells a pricey alternative to conventional batteries or gasoline-fueled engines. At higher temperatures, like those allowed by a membrane containing triazole, the fuel cell can tolerate much higher levels of carbon monoxide in the hydrogen fuel.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe use of triazole also solves one of the most persistent problems of fuel cells - heat. Ceramic fuel cells currently on the market run at a very high temperature (about 800 degrees Celsius) and are too hot for most portable applications such as small electronics. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile existing PEM fuel cells can operate at much lower temperatures, they are much less efficient than ceramic fuel cells. Polymer fuel cell membranes must be kept relatively cool so that membranes can retain the moisture they need to conduct protons. To do this, polymer fuel cells were previously forced to operate at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHeat must be removed from the fuel cells to keep them cool, and a water balance has to be maintained to ensure the required hydration of the PEMs. This increases the complexity of the fuel cell system and significantly reduces its overall efficiency. But by using triazole-containing PEMs, Liu\u0027s team has been able to increase their PEM fuel cell operating temperatures to above 120 degrees Celsius, eliminating the need for a water management system and dramatically simplifying the cooling system.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We\u0027re using the triazole to replace water,\u0022 Liu said. \u0022By doing so, we can bring up the temperature significantly.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETriazole is also a very stable chemical and fosters stable fuel cell operating conditions. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile they have pushed their polymer fuel cells to 120 degrees Celsius with triazole, Liu\u0027s team is looking into better polymers to get those temperatures even higher, he said.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"A Georgia Tech researcher has discovered that combining a particular chemical compound with a fuel cell membrane can solve many of the problems that have kept polymer fuel cells (widely considered to be the most promising fuel cell type and the preferred cell type for use in automobiles and portable electronics) largely out of the marketplace.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Finding could open up fuel cells for use in cars"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-08-24 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-08-24T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-08-24T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73889":{"id":"73889","type":"image","title":"Fuel cell with triazole","body":null,"created":"1449178028","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:27:08","changed":"1475894681","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:44:41"}},"media_ids":["73889"],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73660":{"#nid":"73660","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Mayor Shirley Franklin to Address Undergraduates","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EAtlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin will deliver the address to the undergraduates at the Georgia Institute of Technology\u0027s 223rd commencement ceremony at 9 a.m. on Saturday, December 17, 2005 at Alexander Memorial Coliseum. NASA Administrator Michael Griffin will address the graduate ceremony at 3 p.m. The ceremonies are expected to feature 1,350 graduates. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EShirley Franklin became the fifty-eighth mayor of Atlanta in 2002. A first-time candidate for public office, Franklin redefined history and was elected as the city\u0027s first woman mayor and the first African American woman to serve as mayor of a major southern city. She was re-elected to a second term on November 8, 2005.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESince her first inauguration in 2002, Mayor Franklin has worked to build a  \u0022Best in Class\u0022 city by strengthening existing frameworks, implementing progressive changes, and making the tough decisions necessary to improve Atlanta. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EMayor Franklin vowed to give Atlantans the cleanest urban streams and rivers in the country and declared herself \u0022the sewer mayor.\u0022 In 2004, she persuaded Georgia Tech President Wayne Clough to chair a panel of nationwide environmental experts to design a program that became Clean Water Atlanta. The panel recommendations laid the foundation for a  $3.2 billion overhaul of the city\u0027s aging water and sewer system. Franklin convinced the General Assembly to allow Atlanta to place a municipal option sales tax before the voters. Atlantans overwhelmingly passed the sales tax referendum generating money for Clean Water Atlanta and reducing the necessary increase in water and sewer rates.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFranklin earned her bachelor\u0027s degree in sociology from Howard University and was awarded her master\u0027s degree in sociology from the University of Pennsylvania. She was awarded honorary degrees from Howard University and the Atlanta College of Art. Franklin has been a resident of southwest Atlanta for nearly thirty-five years and is a proud parent of three adult children.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMaster\u0027s and Ph.D. Commencement Speaker Michael Griffin\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENominated by President George W. Bush and confirmed by the United States Senate, Dr. Michael Griffin began his duties as the eleventh administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on April 14, 2005. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAs administrator, he leads the NASA team and manages its resources as NASA seeks to advance the U.S. Vision for Space Exploration.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPrior to being nominated as NASA administrator, Griffin was serving as head of the Space Department at Johns Hopkins University\u0027s Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland. He was previously president and chief operating officer of In-Q-Tel and also served in several positions within Orbital Sciences Corporation in Dulles, Virginia, including chief executive officer of Orbital\u0027s Magellan Systems Division.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EGriffin received a bachelor\u0027s degree in physics from Johns Hopkins University, a master\u0027s degree in aerospace science from Catholic University of America, a Ph.D. in aerospace\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nengineering from the University of Maryland, a master\u0027s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Southern California, a master\u0027s degree in applied physics from Johns Hopkins University, a master\u0027s degree in business administration from Loyola College, and a master\u0027s degree in civil engineering from George Washington University. He is a certified flight instructor with instrument and multiengine ratings.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EAlan Kay to Receive Honorary Degree\u003C\/strong\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlan Kay is recognized as the father of the personal computer and is the first computationalist to be awarded an honorary degree from Georgia Tech. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOne of the founders of the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), Kay led one of several groups that developed modern workstations (and the forerunners of the Macintosh); Smalltalk, the overlapping-window interface; Desktop Publishing; the Ethernet; Laser printing; and network \u0022client-servers.\u0022 He has devoted his work to changing the way science is taught by developing interfaces through which the concept of building things is the central focus.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHis pioneering work in this area led to the outgrowth of the GVU Center, and Georgia Tech was the first place to teach his current form of Smalltalk, Squeak, to undergraduates.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"NASA chief Michael Griffin to address graduates"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin and NASA Administrator Michael Griffin will address the graduates at Tech\u0027s 223rd commencement ceremony.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Tech holds 223rd commencement ceremony"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-14 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-14T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-14T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73661":{"id":"73661","type":"image","title":"Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894385","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:45"},"73662":{"id":"73662","type":"image","title":"NASA Administrator Michael Griffin","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894382","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:42"}},"media_ids":["73661","73662"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/","title":"NASA"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.atlantaga.gov\/Mayor\/Meet.aspx","title":"City of Atlanta Online"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cstrong\u003ELisa Grovenstein\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ECommunications \u0026amp; Marketing\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.gatech.edu\/contact\/index.html?id=lgrovenste3\u0022\u003EContact Lisa Grovenstein\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E404-894-8835\u003C\/strong\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["lisa.grovenstein@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73787":{"#nid":"73787","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Student Confesses to Campus Incident","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EA Georgia Tech student has indicated his involvement in an Oct. 10 incident involving a crude bottle explosive found on Tech\u0027s east campus. The incident was not in any way the work of a \u0022terrorist\u0022 group.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHe turned himself in to Georgia Tech police the morning of Oct. 11 and confessed to his involvement. He\u0027s facing charges for possession of a destructive device (a felony under Georgia Law) and reckless conduct (a misdemeanor under Georgia law).\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe freshman engineering student has been temporarily suspended pending a student judiciary ruling.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Georgia Tech Police Department and the Atlanta Police Department are still investigating the incident. The contents and exact nature of the bottle explosives have not been determined and are still under investigation.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAround 8:45 a.m. on Oct. 10, during a routine grounds cleaning, a Georgia Tech facilities worker picked up an item believed to be trash in the courtyard between the Glenn and Cloudman residence halls on the southeast side of campus and it exploded. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ECampus police were immediately notified, and the two residence halls were evacuated as a safety precaution. Approximately 100 students were evacuated from the two residence halls. Many students were already in class at the time of the event. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETwo similar bottle explosives were found in the same area and the Atlanta Police and Fire Departments were called in to assess and contain the situation. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Atlanta Police Department\u0027s bomb squad detonated the remaining two bottle explosives shortly before noon and students were allowed to reenter the residence halls. The facilities worker was taken to a clinic for evaluation and released.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile this incident unfortunately was frightening for many Georgia Tech students and employees, it turned out to be an excellent test of Tech\u0027s emergency preparedness program. All emergency response efforts functioned exceedingly well, and Tech has every confidence that would be the case if such an incident occurred in the future.\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":"","field_summary":[{"value":"A Georgia Tech student has confessed to his involvement in an Oct. 10 incident involving a bottle explosive. The incident is still under investigation.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Student in custody for Oct. 10 incident"}],"uid":"27281","created_gmt":"2005-10-11 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Lisa Grovenstein","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-11T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-11T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"129","name":"Institute and Campus"},{"id":"131","name":"Economic Development and Policy"}],"keywords":[{"id":"7180","name":"control"},{"id":"525","name":"military"},{"id":"4193","name":"venturelab"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73656":{"#nid":"73656","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Fishing for the Origins of Genome Complexity","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EBiologists at Georgia Tech have provided scientific support for a controversial hypothesis that has divided the fields of evolutionary genomics and evolutionary developmental biology, popularly known as evo devo, for two years. Appearing in the December 2005 issue of Trends in Genetics, researchers find that the size and complexity of a species\u0027 genome is not an evolutionary adaptation per se, but can result as simply a consequence of a reduction in a species\u0027 effective population size. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022As a general rule, more complex organisms, like humans, have larger genomes than less complex ones,\u0022 said J. Todd Streelman, assistant professor in the School of Biology at the Georgia Institute of Technology and co-author of the study. \u0022You might think this means that animals with the largest genomes are the most complex - and for the most part that would be right. But it\u0027s not always true. There are some species of frogs and some amoeba that have much larger genomes than humans.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo help explain this paradox, a pair of scientists from Indiana University and the University of Oregon published a hotly-contested hypothesis in 2003. It said that most of the mutations that arise in organisms are not advantageous and that the smaller a species effective population size (the number of individuals who contribute genes to the next generation), the larger the genome will be. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We agreed with some of the criticisms of the hypothesis - that one had to remove the effects of confounding factors like body size and developmental rate,\u0022 said Streelman. \u0022We were able to remove the effects of these confounding factors and test whether genome size is adaptive.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETheir test consisted of analyzing data from 1,043 species of fresh and saltwater ray-finned fish. Previous data on genetic variability had established that freshwater species have a smaller effective population size than their marine counterparts. If the hypothesis was correct, the genome size of these freshwater fish would be larger than that of the saltwater dwellers. It was. \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThen they matched the data with estimates of heterozygosity, a measure of the genetic variation of a population. Again they found that species with a smaller effective population had larger genomes.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022We see a very strong negative linear relationship between genome size and the effective population size,\u0022 said Soojin Yi, assistant professor in the School of Biology and lead author of the study. \u0022This observation tells us that the mutations that increase the genome tend to be slightly deleterious, because population genetic theories predict such a relationship.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The interesting thing here is that biological complexity may passively evolve,\u0022 said Yi. \u0022We show that at the origins, it\u0027s not adaptive mutations, but slightly bad ones that make the genome larger. But if you have a large genome, there is more genetic material to play with to make something useful. At first, maybe these mutations aren\u0027t so good for your genome, but as they accumulate and conditions change through evolution, they could become more complex and more beneficial.\u0022\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"Deciphering a paradox of evolution"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Biologists at Georgia Tech have provided scientific support for a controversial hypothesis that has divided biologists for two years.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"Research results bolster a controversial hypothesis"}],"uid":"27310","created_gmt":"2005-12-15 01:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"David Terraso","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-12-15T00:00:00-05:00","iso_date":"2005-12-15T00:00:00-05:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"hg_media":{"73657":{"id":"73657","type":"image","title":"Mola Mola","body":null,"created":"1449178002","gmt_created":"2015-12-03 21:26:42","changed":"1475894385","gmt_changed":"2016-10-08 02:39:45"}},"media_ids":["73657"],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.earthwindow.com\/","title":"Photo courtesy of earthwindow.com"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/faculty\/todd-streelman\/","title":"Todd Streelman"},{"url":"http:\/\/www.biology.gatech.edu\/faculty\/soojin-yi\/","title":"Soojin Yi"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[],"keywords":[],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["david.terraso@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}},"73782":{"#nid":"73782","#data":{"type":"news","title":"Women in Chemistry Symposium","body":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003EGeorgia Tech\u0027s Women in Chemistry Committee in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry is sponsoring the inaugural Women in Chemistry Symposium on Tuesday October 18, in the Student Success Center.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESymposium organizers say they have two main objectives for the event.  One is to encourage women to pursue scientific careers after obtaining graduate degrees, and the other is to increase awareness about the challenges faced by women in science.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022The symposium is one component of our efforts to increase the interaction between female graduate students and successful women in science, encouraging the students to pursue scientific careers,\u0022 said Shannon Watt, chair of the Women in Chemistry Symposium.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Watt, women earn one-third of the Ph.D.s in chemistry, but are significantly underrepresented at nearly all levels of industry and academia.\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0022It is now widely recognized that the pipeline of high-level careers in science - especially for women - is hemorrhaging after the Ph.D. level,\u0022 said Watt.  \u0022In an age when the U.S. is losing ground in all areas of science and technology, it is vital that the entire pool of talented, highly skilled scientists is utilized.\u0022 \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWatt says the symposium will bring together undergraduate and graduate students from a variety of majors, faculty and staff from several departments, campus administrators, and scientists from government and industry to discuss gender issues in science from a number of perspectives.  \n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe symposium will feature several panel discussions, a keynote luncheon and a roundtable discussion.  Among the many presenters are Professor Mary Frank Fox from the Georgia Tech NSF ADVANCE program; Professor Geraldine Richmond, University of Oregon Chemistry Department and the chair of the Committee on the Advancement of Women Chemists; and Professor Karen Wooley of Washington University in St. Louis\u0027 Chemistry Department.\n\u003C\/p\u003E","summary":null,"format":"limited_html"}],"field_subtitle":[{"value":"This symposium will discuss the gender issues that surround the field of science"}],"field_summary":[{"value":"Georgia Tech\u0027s Women in Chemistry Committee in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry is sponsoring the inaugural Women in Chemistry Symposium on Tuesday October 18, in the Student Success Center.","format":"limited_html"}],"field_summary_sentence":[{"value":"A discussion of gender issues that surround science"}],"uid":"27304","created_gmt":"2005-10-13 00:00:00","changed_gmt":"2016-10-08 03:00:59","author":"Matthew Nagel","boilerplate_text":"","field_publication":"","field_article_url":"","dateline":{"date":"2005-10-13T00:00:00-04:00","iso_date":"2005-10-13T00:00:00-04:00","tz":"America\/New_York"},"extras":[],"related_links":[{"url":"http:\/\/www.chemistry.gatech.edu\/","title":"School of Chemistry and Biochemistry"},{"url":"http:\/\/web.chemistry.gatech.edu\/~wic\/","title":"Women in Chemistry Symposium"}],"groups":[{"id":"1214","name":"News Room"}],"categories":[{"id":"135","name":"Research"}],"keywords":[{"id":"7166","name":"coral"},{"id":"4211","name":"fiji"},{"id":"7031","name":"pharmaceutical"},{"id":"7167","name":"reef"},{"id":"169448","name":"seaweed"}],"core_research_areas":[],"news_room_topics":[],"event_categories":[],"invited_audience":[],"affiliations":[],"classification":[],"areas_of_expertise":[],"news_and_recent_appearances":[],"phone":[],"contact":[{"value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EGeorgia Tech Media Relations\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003ELaura Diamond\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:laura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u0022\u003Elaura.diamond@comm.gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-894-6016\u003Cbr \/\u003EJason Maderer\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:maderer@gatech.edu\u0022\u003Emaderer@gatech.edu\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E404-660-2926\u003C\/p\u003E","format":"limited_html"}],"email":["matthew.nagel@comm.gatech.edu"],"slides":[],"orientation":[],"userdata":""}}}